(Test Bank) Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change

9781260240214, Silberberg,Amateis, 9

Chemistry

Test Bank

9th Edition

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Test Bank for Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change, The downloadable file consists of 710 pages, and the total size of the file is 3.89 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Silberberg, Amateis

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Study Note Preview

Version 1 1 CHAPTER 1 TRUE/FALSE - Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 1) The ripening of fruit, once picked, is an example of physical change. ⊚ true ⊚ false 2) An important aim in much chemical work is to use macroscopic measurements in order to gain an understanding of the microscopic world. ⊚ true ⊚ false 3) The potential energy of a car moving on a level road does not depend on its speed. ⊚ true ⊚ false 4) When a wooden match burns in air, chemical potential energy is converted to kinetic energy. ⊚ true ⊚ false 5) When applying the scientific method, it is important to avoid any form of hypothesis. ⊚ true ⊚ false 6) When applying the scientific method, a model or theory should be based on experimental data. ⊚ true ⊚ false Version 1 2 7) The numerical value of any temperature expressed in Celsius is always different from the numerical value of the same temperature in Fahrenheit. ⊚ true ⊚ false 8) The numerical value of any temperature expressed in Celsius is always different from the numeri cal value of the same temperature in kelvin. ⊚ true ⊚ false 9) The number 6.0448, rounded to 3 decimal places, becomes 6.045. ⊚ true ⊚ false 10) The number 6.0448, rounded to 2 decimal places, becomes 6.05. ⊚ true ⊚ false 11) The weight of a coin measured as 1.96235 g on one balance is definitely more accurate than a weight measurement of 1.95 g on another balance. ⊚ true ⊚ false MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 12) Which one of the following is a “substance ” in the sense of the word as used in your textbook? Version 1 3 A) Air B) Tap water C) Sea water D) Water E) Toothpaste 13) Select the best statement. A) Physical changes may be reversed by changing the temperature. B) Physical changes alter the composition of the substances involved. C) Physical properties are not valid characteristics for identifying a substance. D) Physical properties are mostly extensive in nature. E) Physical changes are usually accompanied by chemical changes. 14) Select the best statement. A) Chemical changes provide the only valid basis for identification of a substance. B) Chemical changes are easily reversed by altering the temperature of the system. C) Chemical changes always produce substances different from the starting materials. D) Chemical changes are associated primarily with extensive properties. E) Chemical changes are accompanied by changes in the total mass of the substances involved. 15) Which of the following is a chemical change? A) Boiling of water B) Melting wax C) Broiling a steak on a grill D) Condensing water vapor into rainfall E) Carving a piece of wood Version 1 4 16) Water vapor is less dense than ice because A) molecules in the gas phase are in constant motion. B) molecules in the gas phase have more potential energy than in solids. C) molecules in the gas phase have more kinetic energy than in solids. D) gaseous molecules have less mass. E) molecules in the gas phase have more space between them than in solids. 17) During the swing of a frictionless pendulum, what energy form(s) remain constant? A) Kinetic energy only B) Potential energy only C) Both kinetic energy and potential energy D) Kinetic plus potential energy E) None of these choices are correct. 18) The most significant contribution to modern science made by alchemists was A) their fundamental work in the transmutation of the elements. B) their widespread acceptance of observation and experimentation. C) their systematic method of naming substances. D) their understanding of the nature of chemical reactions. E) their discovery of phlogiston. 19) Select the best statement about chemistry before 1800. Version 1 5 A) Alchemy focused on objective experimentation rather than mystical explanations of processes. B) The phlogiston theory laid a valuable theoretical basis for modern chemistry. C) Lavoisier's quantitative work on the role of oxygen in combustion was the beginning of modern chemistry. D) The interpretation of data by alchemists was not biased by their overall view of life. E) Alchemists failed because they did not develop any practical chemical methods. 20) Which of the following activities is not a part of good science? A) Proposing a theory B) Developing a hypothesis C) Making quantitative observations D) Designing experiments E) Indulging in speculation 21) A scientist made careful measurements of the pressure and temperature of many different gases. Based on these meas urements, he concluded that “the pressure of a fixed amount of gas, measured at constant volume, is directly proportional to its absolute temperature. ” This statement is best described as a A) theory. B) hypothesis. C) law. D) experiment. E) definition. 22) A dictionary has the following definition for a word: “A tentative explanation that accounts for a set of facts. ” Which of the following words best fits that definition? Version 1 6 A) Theory B) Hypothesis C) Law D) Experiment E) Definition 23) A detailed explanation of natural phenomena that is generally accepted and has been extensively tested is called a A) theory. B) hypothesis. C) law. D) fact. E) postulate. 24) The distance between carbon atoms in ethylene is 134 picometers. Which of the following expresses that distance in meters? A) 1.34 × 10 −13 m B) 1.34 × 10 −12 m C) 1.34 × 10 −10 m D) 1.34 × 10 −7 m E) 1.34 × 10 −6 m 25) The average distance from Earth to the Sun is 150 megameters. What is that distance in meters? Version 1 7 A) 1.5 × 10 8 m B) 1.5 × 10 6 m C) 1.5 × 10 5 m D) 1.5 × 10 3 m E) 1.5 × 10 −6 m 26) The mass of a sample is 550 milligrams. Which of the following expresses that mass in kilograms? A) 5.5 × 10 8 kg B) 5.5 × 10 5 kg C) 5.5 × 10 −4 kg D) 5.5 × 10 −6 kg E) 5.5 × 10 −1 kg 27) A dose of medication was prescribed to be 35 microliters. Which of the following expresses that volume in centiliters? A) 3.5 × 10 5 cL B) 3.5 × 10 4 cL C) 3.5 cL D) 3.5 × 10 −4 cL E) 3.5 × 10 −3 cL 28) Which of the following represents the largest volume? A) 10,000 µL B) 1000 pL C) 100 mL D) 10 nL E) 10 cm 3 Version 1 8 29) You prepare 1000. mL of tea and transfer it to a 1.00 -quart pitcher for storage. Which of the following statements is true? A) The pitcher will be filled to 100% of its capacity with no tea spilled. B) The pitcher will be filled to about 95% of its capacity. C) The pitcher will be filled to about 50% of its capacity. D) The pitcher will be completely filled and a small amount of tea will overflow. E) The pitcher will be completely filled and most of the tea will overflow. 30) In an average year, the American chemical industry produces more than 9.5 million metric tons of sodium carbonate. Over half of this is used in the manufacture of glass while another third is used in the production of detergents and other chemicals. How many pounds of sodium carbonate are produced annually? A) 2.1 × 10 10 lb B) 4.3 × 10 9 lb C) 1.1 × 10 7 lb D) 2.2 × 10 6 lb E) 2.1 × 10 4 lb 31) A large pizza has a diameter of 15 inches. Express this diameter in centimeters. A) 38 cm B) 24 cm C) 18 cm D) 9.3 cm E) 5.9 cm 32) The average distance between the Earth and the Moon is 240,000 miles. Express this distance in kilometers. Version 1 9 A) 6.1 × 10 5 km B) 5.3 × 10 5 km C) 3.9 × l0 5 km D) 1.5 × 10 5 km E) 9.4 × 10 4 km 33) The area of a 15-inch pizza is 176.7 in2. Express this area in square centimeters. A) 1140. cm 2 B) 448.8 cm 2 C) 96.8 cm 2 D) 69.57 cm 2 E) 27.39 cm 2 34) The speed needed to escape the pull of Earth's gravity is 11.3 km/s. What is this speed in mi/h? A) 65,500 mi/h B) 25,300 mi/h C) 18,200 mi/h D) 1,090 mi/h E) 5.02 × 10−3 mi/h 35) The density of mercury, the only metal to exist as a liquid at room temperature, is 13.6 g/cm3. What is that density in pounds per cubic inch? A) 849 lb/in 3 B) 491 lb/in 3 C) 376 lb/in 3 D) 0.491 lb/in 3 E) 1.83 × 10 − 3 lb/in 3 Version 1 10 36) Given that 1 inch = 2.54 cm, 1 cm3 is equal to A) 16.4 in 3. B) 6.45 in 3. C) 0.394 in 3. D) 0.155 in 3. E) 0.0610 in 3. 37) At a pressure of one billionth (10−9) of atmospheric pressure, there are about 2.7 × 1010 molecules in one cubic centimeter of a gas. How many molecules is this per cubic meter? A) 2.7 × 10 16 B) 2.7 × 10 14 C) 2.7 × 10 12 D) 2.7 × 10 8 E) 2.7 × 10 4 38) If the price of gold at the morning fixing in London was $5310 per lb, what would a kilogram of gold have cost in £ (pounds)? (Assume an exchange rate of $1.00 = £0.545) A) £1310 B) £3510 C) £6370 D) £10400 E) £17100 39) Which of the following is not an SI base unit? Version 1 11 A) Meter B) Ampere C) Second D) Gram E) Kelvin 40) The symbol for the SI base unit of mass is A) mg. B) g. C) kg. D) metric ton. E) lb. 41) Which of the following abbreviations of the given SI base unit is incorrect? A) second: s B) kilogram: kg C) kelvin: K D) mole: m E) ampere: A 42) Which of the following abbreviations of the given SI base unit is incorrect? A) second: s B) kilogram: kg C) meter: m D) mole: mol E) kelvin: k 43) The SI prefix mega - (M) means Version 1 12 A) 10 −6. B) 10 −3. C) 10 3. D) 10 6. E) 10 9. 44) The SI unit of speed (velocity) is A) km/h. B) km/s. C) m/h. D) m/s. E) None of these choices are correct. 45) The joule is the SI unit of energy and is equal to 1 kg m2 s−2. The erg is another energy unit, equal to 1 g cm2 s−2. Use unit conversion methods to work out how many ergs are in 1 joule. A) 10 −1 ergs B) 10 ergs C) 10 2 ergs D) 10 5 ergs E) 10 7 ergs 46) Which of the following correctly shows how to convert a density of 20.1 g cm−3 to units of kg m−3? Version 1 13 A) B) C) D) E) 47) If the density of a certain spherical atomic nucleus is 1.0 × 1014 g cm−3 and its mass is 2.0 × 10−23 g, what is its radius in cm? A) 3.6 × 10 −13 cm B) 2.0 × 10 −37 cm C) 4.8 × 10 −38 cm D) 2.2 × 10 −19 cm E) None of these choices are correct. 48) Which of the following is an extensive property of oxygen? A) Boiling point B) Temperature C) Average kinetic energy of molecules D) Density E) Mass Version 1 14 49) A flask has a mass of 78.23 g when empty and 593.63 g when filled with water. When the same flask is filled with concentrated sulfuric acid, H 2SO 4, its mass is 1026.57 g. What is the density of concentrated sulfuric aci d? (Assume water has a density of 1.00 g/cm3 at the temperature of the measurement.) A) 1.992 g/cm 3 B) 1.840 g/cm 3 C) 1.729 g/cm 3 D) 1.598 g/cm 3 E) 0.543 g/cm 3 50) Talc is a mineral that has low conductivity for heat and electricity and that is not attacked by acid. It is used as talcum powder and face powder. A sample of talc weighs 35.97 g in air and 13.65 g in mineral oil (d = 1.75 g/cm3). What is the density of talc? A) 4.61 g/cm 3 B) 2.82 g/cm 3 C) 2.63 g/cm 3 D) 2.44 g/cm 3 E) 1.61 g/cm 3 51) Acetone, which is used as a solvent and as a reactant in the manufacture of Plexiglas®, boils at 56.1 °C. What is the boiling point in degrees Fahrenheit? A) 159°F B) 133°F C) 101°F D) 69.0 °F E) 43.4 °F 52) Isopropyl alcohol, commonly known as rubbing alcohol, boils at 82.4 °C. What is the boiling point in kelvins?