(Test Bank) Nesters Microbiology A Human Perspective

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0 Copyright © 2019 McGraw -Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw -Hill Education. TEST BANK FOR NESTER ’S MICROBIOLOGY A HUMAN PERSPECTIVE 9TH EDIT ION BY ANDERSON Nester’s Microbiology, 9e (Anderson) Chapter 1 Humans and the Microbial World 1) The scientist usually considered the first to see microorganisms, which he called "animalcules," was ________. A) Redi B) van Leeuwenhoek C) Pasteur D) Tyndall Answer: B Section: 01.01 Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 01.01 Describe the key experiments of scientists who disproved spontaneous generation. ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast , fluorescent, and electron). 2) The word "animalcule" was first used by ________. A) Pasteur B) Redi C) van Leeuwenhoek D) Tyndall E) Hooke Answer: C Section: 01.01 Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 01.01 Describe the key experiments of scientists who disproved spontaneous generation. ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast , fluorescent, and electron). 3) The idea of spontaneous generation postulated that A) organisms could evolve into the next generation of organisms. B) organisms could spontaneously turn into other types of organisms. C) living organisms could spontaneously arise from non -living material. D) living organisms could spontaneously arise from other living organisms. E) living organisms must contain at least ten cells. Answer: C Section: 01.01 Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 01.01 Describe the key experiments of scientists who disproved spontaneous generation. ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electr on). 4) Which of these scientists were involved in investigating the idea of spontaneous generation? A) Redi and van Leeuwenhoek B) Redi and Pasteur C) van Leeuwenhoek and Pasteur D) Pasteur and Escherich E) Escherich and Redi Answer: B Section: 01.01 Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 01.01 Describe the key experiments of scientists who disproved spontaneous generation. ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). 5) The work of Tyndall and Cohn A) supported the idea of spontaneous generatio n rather than the idea of biogenesis. B) explained why some spontaneous generation investigators got different results from those of Pasteur. C) showed that all microbes caused disease if they enter the human body. D) allowed scientists to see microorganisms using a simple microscope. E) showed that boiling fails to kill vegetative bacteria. Answer: B Section: 01.01 Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 01.01 Describe the key experiments o f scientists who disproved spontaneous generation. ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities.; 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms ha ve been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). 6) The structures present in the hay infusions used in experiments on spontaneous generation that made them difficult to sterilize are A) chloro plasts. B) endospores. C) organelles. D) toxins. E) nuclei. Answer: B Section: 01.01 Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 01.01 Describe the key experiments of scientists who disproved spontaneous generation. ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities.; 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (includin g bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). 7) The contradictory results obtained by different scientists apparently doing the same experiments in investigating spontaneous generation A) show that experiments should only be done once. B) show the importance of exactly duplicating experimental conditions. C) led to further experiments that ultimately proved spontaneous generation. D) could not be explained by anyone involved in the work. E) led to the development of swan -necked flasks. Answer: B Section: 01.01 Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 01.01 Describe the key experiments of scientists who disproved spontaneous generation.; 01.03 Describe the scientific method, using Pasteur's swan -necked flask experiment as an exa mple. ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities.; 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (in cluding bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). 8) If Pasteur had done his experiments investigating spontaneous generation in a horse stable, A) the results would probably have supported the idea of spontaneous generation. B) the results w ould probably not have supported the idea of spontaneous generation. C) the results would probably been the same as those obtained in a laboratory. D) the results would probably have supported the idea of spontaneous biogenesis. E) it would probably have taken seve ral years to obtain any results. Answer: A Section: 01.01 Topic: History of Microbiology; Prokaryotes Bloom's: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 01.01 Describe the key experiments of scientists who disproved spontaneous generation.; 01.03 Describe the scient ific method, using Pasteur's swan -necked flask experiment as an example. ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities.; 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (includin g bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). 9) Cellulose is a major component of plants and is only directly digested by A) carnivores. B) termites. C) herbivores. D) microorganisms. E) birds. Answer: D Section: 01.02 Topic: Environmental Microbiology; Prokaryotes Bloom's: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 01.02 Explain how the successful challenge to the idea of spontaneous generation led to the Golden Age of Microbiology. ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and funct ion of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron).; 03.03 The survival and growth of any microorganism in a given environment depends on its metabolic characteristics.; 05. 04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.; 06.01 Microbes are essential for life as we know it and the processes that support life (e.g., in biogeochemical cycles and plant and/or animal microflora). 10) Plants are dependent on microorganisms for A) providing oxygen in a usable form. B) providing water. C) changing atmospheric nitrogen to a usable form. D) providing simple carbohydrates. E) providing complex proteins. Answer: C Section: 01.02 Topic: Environmental Microbiology; Prokaryotes Bloom's: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 01.04 Explain the importance of microorganisms in the health of humans and the surrounding environment. ASM Objective: 03.01 Bacteria and Archaea exhibit extensive, and often unique, metabolic diversity (e.g., nitrogen fixation, methane production, anoxygenic photosynthesis).; 05.03 Microorganisms and their environment interact with and modify each other.; 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. 11) Microorganisms are involved in A) causing disease. B) curing/treating disease. C) preparing food. D) cleaning up pollutants. E) All of the answer choices are correct. Answer: E Section: 01.02 Topic: Applied and Industrial Microbiology Bloom's: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 01.04 Explain the importance of microorganisms in the health of humans and the surrounding environment.; 01.05 List three commercial benefits of microorganisms. ASM Objective: 03.03 The survival and growth of any microorganism in a given environment depends on its metabolic characteristics.; 05.03 Microorganisms and their environment interact with and modif y each other.; 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.; 06.03 Humans utilize and harness microorganisms and their products. 12) Bacteria have been used to help pr oduce or modify all of the following food products EXCEPT A) cheeses. B) beer and wine. C) pickled products. D) bread. E) peanuts. Answer: E Section: 01.02 Topic: Applied and Industrial Microbiology Bloom's: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 01.05 List three commercial benefits of microorganisms. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.; 06.03 Humans utilize and harness microorganisms and their products. 13) Microorganisms are involved in all of the following EXCEPT A) production of medicinal products. B) converting oxygen to a form useful to plants. C) food production. D) pollution cleanup. E) converting nitrogen to a form useful to plants. Answer: B Section: 01.02 Topic: Applied and Industrial Microbiology Bloom's: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 01.04 Explain the importance of microorganisms in the health of humans and the surrounding environment.; 01.05 List three commercial benefits of microorganisms. ASM Objectiv e: 06.01 Microbes are essential for life as we know it and the processes that support life (e.g., in biogeochemical cycles and plant and/or animal microflora).; 06.03 Humans utilize and harness microorganisms and their products. 14) Bioremediation refers to A) rehabilitating wayward bacteria. B) using bacteria to clean up pollutants. C) development of new vaccines. D) monitoring newly discovered disease organisms. E) destroying organisms causing emerging infectious diseases. Answer: B Section: 01.02 Topic: Applied and Industrial Microbiology Bloom's: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 01.04 Explain the importance of microorganisms in the health of humans and the surrounding environment.; 01.05 List three commercial benefits of microorganisms. ASM Obje ctive: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems.; 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.; 06.03 Humans utilize and harness microorganisms and their products. 15) Which of the following about the Golden Age of Medical Microbiology is FALSE? A) It started with the development of the first microscopes. B) It occurred during the late 1800s to the early 1900s. C) It is a time when the knowledge of bacteria and work with them expanded. D) It was during this time that people realized that diseases could be caused by invisible agents. E) It was a time when several major advances were made in microbiology. Answer: A Section : 01.02 Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 01.02 Explain how the successful challenge to the idea of spontaneous generation led to the Golden Age of Microbiology.; 01.04 Explain the importance of microorganisms in the he alth of humans and the surrounding environment. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.; 06.03 Humans utilize and harness microorganisms and their products. 16) Which of the following statements about newly emerging or reemerging diseases is FALSE? A) They may be caused by changing lifestyles. B) Examples include Lyme disease and toxic shock syndrome. C) They may result from a breakdown in sanitation and social order. D) They are all caused by drug -resistant pathogens. E) They may result when microbes evolve and develop new characteristics. Answer: D Section: 01.02 Topic: Infection and Disease Bloom's: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 01.04 Explain the impo rtance of microorganisms in the health of humans and the surrounding environment.; 01.07 Describe the role of microbes in disease, including examples of past triumphs and remaining challenges. ASM Objective: 01.03 Human impact on the environment influence s the evolution of microorganisms (e.g., emerging diseases and the selection of antibiotic resistance).; 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. 17) Lyme disease is an example of a disease that is due to A) increased interaction between humans and tick -carrying animals. B) failure to effectively vaccinate children. C) a mutation in the human genome. D) climate change leading to a significantly greater mosquito population. E) an increase in the number of people travelling to Asia and Africa. Answer: A Section: 01.02 Topic: Infection and Disease Bloom's: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 01.04 Explain the importance of microorganisms in the health of humans and the surrounding env ironment.; 01.07 Describe the role of microbes in disease, including examples of past triumphs and remaining challenges. ASM Objective: 01.03 Human impact on the environment influences the evolution of microorganisms (e.g., emerging diseases and the selec tion of antibiotic resistance).; 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. 18) The outbreak of measles within the last few years is due to A) mutation of the measl es virus. B) change in the environment. C) a decline in vaccination of children in the previous years. D) increase in sensitivity of detection techniques. E) emergence of novel measles viruses. Answer: C Section: 01.02 Topic: Infection and Disease Bloom's: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 01.04 Explain the importance of microorganisms in the health of humans and the surrounding environment.; 01.07 Describe the role of microbes in disease, including examples of past triumphs and remaining challenges . ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. 19) Which of the statements regarding smallpox is TRUE? A) Smallpox has been eliminated as a naturally occurring infection in human beings. B) Smallpox still occasionally occurs in developing countries. C) Smallpox outbreaks sometimes occur in chimpanzee populations. D) Smallpox has been eliminated by effective vaccination . E) Smallpox has been eliminated as a naturally occurring infection in human beings, AND has been eliminated by effective vaccination. Answer: E Section: 01.02 Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 01.04 Explain the imp ortance of microorganisms in the health of humans and the surrounding environment.; 01.07 Describe the role of microbes in disease, including examples of past triumphs and remaining challenges. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. 20) Smallpox A) has occurred in a few countries since 1977. B) has little potential as a weapon of bioterrorism. C) has not occurred anywhere in the word since 1977. D) very seldo m kills people, but does scar them. E) is an emerging infectious disease. Answer: C Section: 01.02 Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 01.04 Explain the importance of microorganisms in the health of humans and the surr ounding environment.; 01.07 Describe the role of microbes in disease, including examples of past triumphs and remaining challenges. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neu tral or detrimental ways. 21) Ulcers, previously thought to be caused by stress, are in fact often caused by A) a bacterial infection. B) an insufficient diet. C) a genetic mutation. D) pathogenic normal microbiota. E) a viral infection. Answer: A Section: 01.02 Topic: Infection and Disease Bloom's: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 01.04 Explain the importance of microorganisms in the health of humans and the surrounding environment.; 01.07 Describe the role of microbes in disease, including examples of past tri umphs and remaining challenges. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. 22) Bacteria are useful to study because A) they produce protein in a simple r manner than more complex organisms. B) they have the same fundamental metabolic and genetic properties as higher organisms. C) they produce energy in a simpler manner than more complex organisms. D) they are resistant to all known antibiotics. E) they produce peptid oglycan in a simpler manner than more complex organisms. Answer: B Section: 01.03 Topic: Tools and Methods of Culturing, Classifying, and Identify Microorganisms Bloom's: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 01.06 Describe why microorganisms are useful res earch tools. ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes.; 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human an d nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. 23) Normal microbiota A) are only found in the digestive tract. B) protect us from disease by crowding out "bad" invading bacteria. C) are only found on small select parts of our bodies. D) always cause disease when growing on our bodies. E) play no role in our general health. Answer: B Section: 01.02 Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 01.04 Explain the importance of microorganisms in the health of human s and the surrounding environment. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. 24) Bacteria are present on the body A) only during disease -causing in fections. B) at all times. C) only in certain areas. D) only after intense exercise. E) only after using public transport. Answer: B Section: 01.02 Topic: Infection and Disease Bloom's: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 01.04 Explain the importance of microorganism s in the health of humans and the surrounding environment. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. 25) Bacteria are good research models because they A) vary in size from microscopic to macroscopic. B) share many biochemical and physiological properties with more complex organisms. C) can be assembled into complex multicellular organisms. D) have complicated gr owth requirements. E) develop the same diseases as humans and animals. Answer: B Section: 01.03 Topic: Applied and Industrial Microbiology; Microbial World Bloom's: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 01.06 Describe why microorganisms are useful research too ls. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.; 06.03 Humans utilize and harness microorganisms and their products. 26) Select the FALSE statement r egarding bacteria. A) They are found as rods, spheres, or spirals. B) They reproduce by binary fission. C) They contain a peptidoglycan cell wall. D) They are found as single cells. E) They are never photosynthetic. Answer: E Section: 01.03 Topic: Microbial World; Prokaryotes Bloom's: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 01.08 Compare and contrast characteristics of members of the Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) tha t often confer critical capabilities.; 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). 27) Which is usually NOT true of archaea? A) They move using flagella. B) They reproduce by mitosis. C) They contain rigid cell walls. D) They are found as single cells. E) They are prokaryotes. Answer: B Section: 01.03 Topic: Microbial World; Prokaryotes Bloom's: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 01.08 Compare and contrast characteristics of members of the Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. 28) All of the statements re garding archaea are true EXCEPT A) they contain peptidoglycan as part of their cell walls. B) they reproduce by binary fission. C) they contain rigid cell walls. D) they are found as single cells. E) they often grow in extreme environments. Answer: A Section: 01.03 Topic: Microbial World; Prokaryotes Bloom's: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 01.08 Compare and contrast characteristics of members of the Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g., flage lla, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities.; 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. 29) An extreme environment in which archaea have been found is A) oceans. B) boiling hot springs. C) marshes. D) refrigerators. E) animal digestive tracts. Answer: B Section: 01.03 Topic: Microbial World; Prokaryotes Bloom's: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 01.08 Compare and contrast characteristics of members of the Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities.; 03.01 Bacteria and Archaea exhibit extensive, and often unique, metabolic diversity (e.g., nitrogen fixation, methane product ion, anoxygenic photosynthesis). 30) The cell types that lack a membrane -bound nucleus and have rigid cell walls of peptidoglycan are A) eukaryotes. B) fungi. C) bacteria. D) archaea. E) protozoa. Answer: C Section: 01.03 Topic: Microbial Metabolism; Prokaryotes Bloom's: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 01.08 Compare and contrast characteristics of members of the Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often con fer critical capabilities.; 03.01 Bacteria and Archaea exhibit extensive, and often unique, metabolic diversity (e.g., nitrogen fixation, methane production, anoxygenic photosynthesis). 31) The prokaryotic domain includes A) bacteria. B) archaea. C) eukarya. D) bacteria, archaea, AND fungi. E) bacteria AND archaea. Answer: E Section: 01.03 Topic: Microbial World; Prokaryotes Bloom's: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 01.08 Compare and contrast characteristics of members of the Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities.; 03.01 Bacteria and Archaea exhibit extensive, and often unique, metabolic diversity (e.g., nitrogen fixa tion, methane production, anoxygenic photosynthesis). 32) Select the TRUE statement(s) regarding eukaryotes. A) Eukaryotes are all multicellular organisms AND have a membrane around the DNA. B) Eukaryotes have a more complex internal structure than archaea or ba cteria. C) Eukaryotes have a simpler internal structure than archaea or bacteria AND have a membrane around the DNA. D) Eukaryotes have a membrane around the DNA. E) Eukaryotes have a more complex internal structure than archaea or bacteria AND have a membrane arou nd the DNA. Answer: E Section: 01.03 Topic: Eukaryotes; Microbial World Bloom's: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 01.08 Compare and contrast characteristics of members of the Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have sp ecialized structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. 33) Which group(s) below contain single -celled and multicellular organisms? A) Algae AND bacteria B) Fungi AND archaea C) Protozoa AND bacteria D) Algae AND fungi E) Fungi AND protozoa Answer: D Section: 01.03 Topic: Eukaryotes; Microbial World Bloom's: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 01.08 Compare and contrast characteristics of members of the Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g., flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities.; 02.04 While microscopic eukaryotes (for example, fungi, protozoa, and algae) carry out some of the same processes as bacteria, many of the cellular properties are fundamentally different. 34) All living organisms A) may be classified in four domains. B) may be classified in three domains. C) probably do not have a common ancestor. D) have never shared genes between domains. E) are capable of causing disease. Answe r: B Section: 01.03 Topic: Microbial World; Tools and Methods of Culturing, Classifying, and Identify Microorganisms Bloom's: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 01.08 Compare and contrast characteristics of members of the Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. 35) The system by which organisms are named is referred to as A) systematics. B) naming. C) nomenclature. D) cladistics. E) bioinformatics. Answer: C Section: 01.03 Topic: Microbial World; Tools and Methods of Culturing, Classifying, and Identify Microorganisms Bloom's: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 01.09 Explain the features of an organisms scientific name. ASM Objective: 01.04 The traditional concept of species is not readily applicable to microbes due to asexual reproduction and the frequent occurrence of horizontal gene transfer. 36) The scientific name of an organism includes its A) family and genus. B) first name and last name. C) genus and species. D) domain and genus. E) domain and species. Answer: C Section: 01.03 Topic: Microbial World; Tools and Methods of Culturing, Classifying, and Identify Microorganisms Bloom's: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 01.08 Compare and contrast characteristics of members of the Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.; 01.09 Explain the features of an organisms scientific name. ASM Objective: 01.04 The traditional concept of species is not readily applicable to microbes due to asexual reproduction and the frequent occurrence of horizontal gene transfer.; 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. 37) Which is/are the correctly written name? A) Staphylococcus aureu s B) Staphylococcus a. C) St. aureus D) staph E) Staphylococcus Aureus Answer: A Section: 01.03 Topic: Microbial World; Tools and Methods of Culturing, Classifying, and Identify Microorganisms Bloom's: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 01.09 Explain the features of an organisms scientific name. ASM Objective: 01.04 The traditional concept of species is not readily applicable to microbes due to asexual reproduction and the frequent occurrence of horizontal gene transfer.; 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. 38) Which of these may pertain to the term strain? A) E. coli 0157:H7 B) E. coli C) Minor variation of a species D) Major variation of a species E) E. coli 0157:H7 AND minor variation of a species Answer: E Section: 01.03