(Test Bank) Fundamentals Of Nursing Study Questions

Unknown, 9

Nursing

Test Bank

9th Edition

• $15.00 $50.00

---

Description

Test Bank for Fundamentals Of Nursing Study Questions, The downloadable file consists of 506 pages, and the total size of the file is 6.41 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

---

---

Study Note Preview

Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Fundamentals of nursing study questions NUR 160 Chapter 04: Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice Chapter 04: Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice Potter et al.: Fundamentals of Nursing, 9th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The nursing instructor is teaching a class on nursing theory. One of the students asks, “Why do we need to know this stuff? It doesn’t really affect patients.” What is the instructor’s bestresponse? a. “You are correct, but we have to learn it anyway.” b. “This keeps the focus of nursing narrow.” c. “Theories help explain why nurses do what they do.” d. “Exposure to theories will help you later in graduate school.” ANS: C Theories offer well -grounded rationales for how and why nurses perform specific interventions and for predicting and/or prescribing nursing care measures. Although nursing theory will help the nurse in graduate school, it is also an important basis for the nurse’s approach to daily patient care, and it expands scientific knowledge of the profession. DIF:Apply (application)REF:41 OBJ: Explain the influence of nursing theory on a nurse’s approach to practice. TOP:ImplementationMSC:Management of Care 2. The nurse is caring for a patient who does not follow the prescribed regimen for diabetes management. As a prescriber to Orem’s theory, the nurse interviews the patient in an attempt to identify the cause of the patient’s “noncompliance.” What is the rationale for the nurse’s behavior? a. Orem’s theory is useful in designing interventions to promote self-care. b. Orem’s theory focuses on cultural issues that may affect compliance. c. Orem’s theory allows for reduction of anxiety with communication. d. Orem’s theory helps nurses manipulate the patient’s environment. Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material ANS: A When applying Orem’s theory, a nurse continually assesses a patient’s ability to perform self -care and intervenes as needed to ensure that the patients meet physical, psychological, sociological, and developmental needs. According to Orem, people who participate in self -care activities are more likely to improve their health outcomes. Leiniger’s culture care theory focuses on culture diversity and provides culturally specific nursing care. According to Peplau, nurses help patients reduce anxiety by converting it into constructive actions, using therapeutic communi cation. Nightingale’s grand theory is a patient’s environment can be manipulated by nurses to restore a patient to health. DIF:Apply (application)REF:47 -48 OBJ: Explain the influence of nursing theory on a nurse’s approach to practice. TOP:EvaluationMSC:Management of Care 3. A nurse is testing meditation for migraine headaches and the expected outcome of care when performing this intervention. Which type of theory is the nurse using? a. Grand b. Prescriptive c. Descriptive d. Middle -range ANS: B A prescriptive theory details nursing interventions (meditation) for a specific phenomenon (migraine headaches) and the expected outcome of the care. Grand theories are broad in scope and complex and require further specification through research; it does not provide guidance for specific nursing interventions. Descriptive theories do not direct specific nursing activities but help to explain patient assessment. A middle -range theory tends to focus o n a concept found in a specific field of nursing, such as uncertainty, incontinence, social support, quality of life, and caring, rather than reflect on a wide variety of nursing care situations. DIF:Apply (application)REF:44 OBJ:Describe types of nursing theories.TOP:Implementation MSC:Management of Care 4. The nurse researcher is evaluating whether holding pressure at an injection site after injecting the anticoagulant enoxaparin will reduce bruising at the injection site. This study involves a prescriptive theory. What is the nurse’s rationale for involving a prescriptive theory? a. It explains why bruising occurs. b. It is broad in scope and complex. Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material c. It tests a specific nursing intervention. d. It reflects a wide variety of nursing care situations. ANS: C Prescriptive theories detail nursing interventions for a specific phenomenon and the expected outcome of the care but it does not explain why. Grand theories are broad in scope and complex and focus on a wide variety of nursing care situations. DIF:Apply (application)REF:44 OBJ: Describe types of nursing theories. TOP: Planning MSC: Management of Care 5. A nurse is using nursing theory and the nursing process simultaneously to plan nursing care. How will the nurse use nursing theory and the nursing process in practice? a. Nursing theory can direct how a nurse uses the nursing process. b. Nursing theory requires the nursing process to develop knowledge. c. Nursing theory with the nursing process has a minor role in professional nursing. d. Nursing theory combined with the nursing process is specific to certain ill patients. ANS: A Nursing theory can direct how a nurse uses the nursing process. Integration of theory into practice (nursing process) serves as the basis for professional nursing. The nursing process provides a systematic process for the delivery of care, not the knowledge component of the discipline. Useful theories are adaptable to different patients and to all care settings. DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:44 -45 OBJ: Describe the relationship among nursing theory, the nursing process, and patient needs. TOP:ImplementationMSC:Management of Care 6. The nurse views the patient as an open system that needs help in coping with stressors. Which theorist is the nurse using? a. King b. Levine c. Neuman d. Johnson Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Neuman views a patient as being an open system that is in constant energy exchange with the environment that the nurse must help cope with stressors. King views a patient as a unique personal system that is constantly interacting/transacting with other systems that the nurse helps with goal attainment. Levine believes nurses promote balance between nursing interventions and patient participation to assist in conserving energy needed for healing. Johnson perceives patients as a collection of subsystems that forms an overall behavioral system focusing on balance. DIF:Apply (application)REF:46 OBJ: Review selected nursing theories. TOP: Evaluation MSC: Management of Care 7. The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with essential hypertension. The health care provider prescribes blood pressure medication that the nurse administers. The nurse then monitors the patient’s blood pressure for several days to help determine effectiveness. Which system component is the nurse evaluating? a. Input b. Output c. Content d. Feedback ANS: B Output is the end product of a system and, in the case of the nursing process, it is defined as whether the patient’s health status improves or remains stable as a result of nursing care. Input consists of the data that come from a patient’s assessment. Feedback serves to inform a system about how it functions. Content is the product and informat ion obtained from the system. DIF:Apply (application)REF:45 OBJ: Review selected shared theories from other disciplines. TOP: Evaluation MSC:Management of Care 8. A patient is admitted with possible methicillin -resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and is placed in isolation until cultures can be obtained and declared noninfectious. During the isolation process, the nurse encourages family visits. Which level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is the nurse promoting when the family is encouraged to visit? a. First level b. Second level c. Third level d. Fourth level Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material The third level contains love and belonging needs, including family and friends. The first level includes physiological needs. The second level includes safety and security needs. The fourth level encompasses esteem and self -esteem needs. The fifth and final l evel is the need for self - actualization. DIF:Apply (application)REF:46 OBJ: Review selected shared theories from other disciplines. TOP: Implementation MSC: Psychosocial Integrity 9. A nurse is caring for pediatric patients and using the developmental theory to plan nursing care. What is the focus of this nurse’s care? a. Humans have an orderly, predictive process of growth and development. b. Humans respond to threats by adapting with growth and development. c. Humans respond with cognitive principles for growth and development. d. Humans have psychosocial domains to growth and development. ANS: A With development theory, human growth and development is an orderly predictive process that begins with conception and continues through death. Stress/adaptation theories describe how humans respond to threats by adapting in order to maintain function and life. Educational theories explain the teaching -learning process by examining behavioral, cognitive, and adult -learning principles. Psychosocial theories explain human responses within the physiological, psychological, sociocultural, developmental, and spiritual domains. DIF:Apply (application)REF:46 OBJ: Review selected shared theories from other disciplines. TOP: Evaluation MSC:Health Promotion and Maintenance 10. Upon assessment, the nurse notices that the patient’s respirations have increased, and the tip of the nose and earlobes are becoming cyanotic. The nurse finds that the patient’s pulse rate is over 100 beats per minute. According t o Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which patient need should the nurse address first? a. Self-esteem b. Physiological c. Self-actualization d. Love and belonging ANS: B Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Maslow’s hierarchy is useful in setting patient priorities. Basic physiological and safety needs are usually the first priority. After the physiological and safety needs are met, the nurse can move to love and belonging, self-esteem, and self-actualization. DIF:Apply (applicat ion)REF:46 OBJ: Review selected shared theories from other disciplines. TOP: Implementation MSC:Management of Care 11. Which behavior from a nurse indicates the nurse is using Nightingale’s theory to plan nursing care? a. Knows all about the disease processes affecting patients b. Focuses on medication administration and treatments c. Thinks about the patients and patients’ environments d. Considers nursing knowledge and medicine the same ANS: C Nightingale’s theory provides nurses with a way to think about patients and their environment. Nightingale’s concept of the environment was the focus of nursing care, and her firm conviction was that nursing knowledge is distinct from medical knowledge. Nightingale did not view nursing as limited to the administration of medications and treatments. DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:44 - 45 OBJ: Review selected nursing theories. TOP: Planning MSC: Management of Care 12. The home health nurse listens to the patient’s concerns about having “open -heart” surgery. The nurse explains the different surgical procedures and other options, like cardiac rehabilitation. After several visits, the patient wants cardiac rehabilitation. The nurse notifies the health care provider and sets up a referral. Which theory is the nurse using? a. Peplau’s theory b. Henderson’s theory c. Nightingale’s theory d. Orem’s self-care deficit theory ANS: A Peplau’s theory focuses on the individual, the nurse, and the interactive process or nurse -patient relationship. The nurse serves as a resource person, counselor, and surrogate. H enderson’s theory focuses on helping the patient with activities that the patient would perform unaided if he or she were able. Nightingale viewed nursing not as limited to the administration of medications and treatments Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material but rather as oriented toward providing fresh air, light, warmth, cleanliness, quiet, and adequate nutrition. The goal of Orem’s theory is to help the patient perform self-care. DIF:Apply (application)REF:45 OBJ:Review selected nursing theories.TOP:Implementation MSC: Psychosocial Integrity 13. The nurse is caring for a patient who is actively bleeding. The health care provider prescr ibes blood transfusions. The patient is a Jehovah’s Witness and does not want blood products. The nurse contacts the health care provider to request alternative treatment. Which theory is the nurse using? a. Roy’s theory b. Leininger’s theory c. Watson’s theory d. Orem’s theory ANS: B The goal of Leininger’s theory is to provide the patient with culturally specific nursing care that integrates the patient’s cultural traditions, values, and beliefs into the plan of care. The goal of Roy’s model is to help the person adapt to changes in physiological needs, self -concept, role function, and interdependence domains. Watson’s theory believes that the purpose of nursing action is to understand the interrelationship between health, illn ess, and human behavior. The goal of Orem’s theory is to help the patient perform self-care. DIF:Apply (application)REF:48 OBJ:Review selected nursing theories.TOP:Implementation MSC:Management of Care 14. The patient is terminally ill and is receiving hospi ce care. The nurse cares for the patient by bathing, shaving, and repositioning him. The patient would like a Catholic priest called to provide the Sacrament of the Sick. The nurse places a call and arranges for the priest’s visit. Which theory does this nurse’s care represent? a. Roy’s theory b. Watson’s theory c. Henderson’s theory d. Orem’s self-care deficit theory ANS: C Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Henderson defines nursing as assisting the patient with 14 activities (hygiene, positioning) until patients can meet these needs for themselves —or assist patients to have a peaceful death. Roy’s model is to help the person adapt to changes in physiological needs, self -concept, role function, and interdependence domains. Watson’s theory believes that the purpose of nursing is to understand the interrelations hip between health, illness, and human behavior. The goal of Orem’s theory is to help the patient perform self-care. DIF:Apply (application)REF:46 OBJ: Review selected nursing theories. TOP: Evaluation MSC: Management of Care 15. The patient is newly diagnosed with diabetes and will be discharged in the next day or so. The nurse is teaching the patient how to draw up and self -administer insulin. Which nursing theory is the nurse utilizing? a. Watson’s theory b. Orem’s theory c. Roger’s theory d. Henderson’s theory ANS: B The goal of Orem’s theory is to help the patient perform self -care. In Watson’s theory, the nurse is concerned with promoting and restoring health and preventing illness. Roger’s theory considers caring as a fundamental component of professional nursing practice and is based upon 10 curative factors. Henderson defines nursing as assisting patient s with 14 activities until patients can meet these needs for themselves. DIF:Apply (application)REF:47 -48 OBJ:Review selected nursing theories.TOP:Implementation MSC:Health Promotion and Maintenance 16. A nurse is conducting research about the needs of depressed patients. The nurse writes the following: Depression is a patient reporting a score above 7 on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. What did the nurse write? a. Operational definition b. Conceptual definition c. Paradigm d. Concept ANS: A Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Operational definitions state how concepts are measured (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale). Theoretical or conceptual definitions simply define a particular concept, much like what can be found in a dictionary, based on the theorist’s perspective (a mood disorder causing severe sadness and apathy). A paradigm is a pattern of beliefs used to describe a discipline’s domain. Think of concepts as ideas and mental images, like depression is a concept. DIF:Analyze (analysis)REF:42 OBJ: Describe theory -based nursing practice. TOP: Evaluation MSC:Management of Care 17. Which action indicates the nurse is using the nursing process in patient care? a. Generates nursing knowledge for use in nursing practice. b. Conceptualizes an aspect of nursing to predict nursing care. c. Develops nursing care as a specific, distinct phenomenon. d. Delivers nursing care using a systematic approach. ANS: D The nursing process provides a systematic approach for the delivery of nursing care. Theory generates nursing knowledge for use in practice; the nursing process is not a theory. A nursing theory conceptualizes an aspect of nursing to describe, explain, predict, or prescribe nursing care. An interdisciplinary theory explains a phenomenon specific to the discipline that developed the theory. DIF:Analyze (analysis)REF:44 OBJ: Describe the relationship among nursing theory, the nursing process, and patient needs. TOP:EvaluationMSC:Management of Care 18. A nurse is using theoretical knowledge in nursing practice to provide patient care. Which nursing behavior is an example of theoretical knowledge? a. Reads about different concepts b. Reflects on clinical experiences c. Combines the art and science of nursing d. Creates a narrow understanding of nursing practice ANS: A Theoretical knowledge is acquired through “reading, observing, or discussing” concepts. The goals of theoretical knowledge are to stimulate thinking and create a broad understanding of nursing science and practices. Experiential, or clinical, knowledge is formed from nurses’ clinical Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material experiences. Both types of knowledge are needed in order to provide safe, comprehensive nursing care. DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:48 OBJ: Describe theory -based nursing practice. TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC:Management of Care 19. A nurse is using Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to prioritize care. Place the levels in order of basic priority to highest priority that the nurse will follow. 1. Physiological 2. Self-esteem 3. Self-actualization 4. Safety and security 5. Love and belonging a. 4, 1, 2, 3, 5 b. 1, 4, 5, 3, 2 c. 4, 5, 3, 2, 1 d. 1, 4, 5, 2, 3 ANS: D Maslow’s hierarchy is as follows: physiological, safety and security, love and belonging, self -esteem, and self-actualization. DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:46 OBJ: Review selected shared theories from other disciplines. TOP: Caring MSC:Management of Care MULTIPLE RESPONSE 1. A nurse is using a nursing metaparadigm to define nursing. Which concepts will the nurse include? (Select all that apply. ) a. Person b. Disease c. Health Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material d. Nursing e. Environment ANS: A, C, D, E Nursing’s metaparadigm includes four concepts: person, health, environment/situat ion, and nursing. Disease is not part of nursing’s metaparadigm. DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:42 -43 OBJ: Explain the influence of nursing theory on a nurse’s approach to practice. TOP:PlanningMSC:Management of Care 2. A nurse wants to incorporate psychosocial theories into nursing practice. Which elements will the nurse include? (Select all that apply. ) a. Physiological needs of the patient b. Psychological needs of the patient c. Sociocultural needs of the patient d. Cognitive needs of the patient e. Spiritual needs of the patient ANS: A, B, C, E When nursing incorporates psychosocial theories into nursing practice, the nurse strives to meet the physiological, psychological, sociocultural, developmental, and spiritual needs of patients. Cognitive needs of the patient are included in educational theories. DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:46 OBJ: Review selected shared theories from other disciplines. TOP: Caring MSC: Psychosocial Integrity Chapter 05: Evidence -Based Practice Chapter 05: Evidence -Based Practice Potter et al.: Fundamentals of Nursing, 9th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A nurse uses evidence -based practice (EBP) to provide nursing care. What is the bestrational e for the nurse’s behavior? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material a. EBP is a guide for nurses in making clinical decisions. b. EBP is based on the latest textbook information. c. EBP is easily attained at the bedside. d. EBP is always right for all situations. ANS: A Evidence -based practice (EBP) is a guide for nurses to structure how to make appropriate, timely, and effective clinical decisions. A textbook relies on the scientific literature, which may be outdated by the time the book is published. Unfortunately, much of the best evidence never reaches the bedside. EBP is not to be blindly applied without using good judgment and critical thinking skills. DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:52 OBJ: Discuss the benefits of evidence -based practice. TOP: Evaluation MSC:Management of Care 2. In caring for patients, what must the nurse remember about evidence -based practice (EBP)? a. EBP is the only valid source of knowledge that should be used. b. EBP is secondary to traditional or convenient care knowledge. c. EBP is dependent on patient values and expectations. d. EBP is not shown to provide better patient outcomes. ANS: C Even when the best evidence available is used, application and outcomes will differ based on patient values, preferences, concerns, and/or expectations. Nurse s often care for patients on the basis of tradition or convenience. Although these sources have value, it is important to learn to rely more on research evidence than on nonresearch evidence. Evidence -based care improves quality, safety, patient outcomes, and nurse satisfaction while reducing costs. DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:53 OBJ: Discuss the benefits of evidence -based practice. TOP: Implementation MSC:Management of Care 3. A nurse wants to change a patient procedure. Which action will the nurse take to easily find research evidence to support this change? a. Read all the articles found on the Internet. b. Make a general search of the Internet. Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material c. Use a PICOT format for the search. d. Start with a broad question. ANS: C The more focused the question is, the easier it becomes to search for evidence in the scientific literature. The PICO format allows the nurse to ask focused questions that are intervention based. Inappropriately formed questions (general search or broad question) will likely l ead to irrelevant sources of information. It is not beneficial to read hundreds of articles. It is more beneficial to read the best four to six articles that specifically address the question. DIF:Apply (application)REF:54 OBJ: Describe the steps of evidence -based practice. TOP: Implementation MSC:Management of Care 4. A nurse has collected several research findings for evidence -based practice. Which article will be the best for the nurse to use? a. An article that uses randomized controlled trials (RCT) b. An article that is an opinion of expert committees c. An article that uses qualitative research d. An article that is peer-reviewed ANS: A Individual RCTs are the highest level of evidence or “gold standard” for research. A peer -reviewed article means that a panel of experts has reviewed the article; this is not a research method. Qualitative research is valuable in identifying information about how patients cope with or manage various health problems and their perceptions of illness. It does not usually have the robustness of an RCT. Expert opinion is on the bottom of the hierarchical pyramid of evidence. DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:55 -56 OBJ: Explain the levels of evidence available in the literature. TOP: Assessment MSC:Management of Care 5. The nurse is reviewing a research article on a patient care topic. W hich area should entice the nurse to read the article? a. Literature review b. Introduction c. Methods Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Downloaded by: dennys | empirecyber1@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal d. Results ANS: B The introduction contains information about its purpose and the importance of the topic to the audience who reads the article. The literature review or background offers a detailed background of the level of science or clinical information about the topic of the article. The methods or design section explains how a research study was organized and conducted. The results or conclusion section details the results of the study and explains whether a hypothesis is supported. DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:56 OBJ:Describe the steps of evidence -based practice. TOP: Communication and Documentation MSC: Management of Care 6. The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic low back pain. The nurse wants to determine the best evidence -based practice regarding clinical guidelines for low back pain. What is the best database for the nurse to access? a. MEDLINE b. EMBASE c. PsycINFO d. AHRQ ANS: D The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) includes clinical guidelines and evidence summaries. MEDLINE includes studies in medicine, nursing, dentistry, psychiatry, veterinary medicine, and allied health. EMBASE includes biomedical and pharmaceutical studies. PsycINFO deals with psychology and related health care disciplines. DIF:Apply (application)REF:55 OBJ: Describe the steps of evidence -based practice. TOP: Implementation MSC:Management of Care 7. A nurse writes the following PICOT question: How do patients with breast cancer rate their quality of life? How should the nurse evaluate this question? a. A true PICOT question regardless of the number of elements b. A true PICOT question because the intervention comes before the control c. Not a true PICOT question because the comparison comes after the intervention d. Not a true PICOT question because the time is not designated Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Downloaded by: dennys | empirecyber1@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal ANS: A A meaningful PICOT question can contain only a P and O: How do patients with breast cancer (P) rate their quality of life (O)? Note that a well -designed PICOT question does not have to follow the sequence of P, I, C, O, and T. The aim is to ask a question that contains as many of the PICOT elements as possible. DIF: Analyze (analysis) REF: 54 OBJ: Develop a PICOT questi on. TOP:EvaluationMSC:Management of Care 8. A nurse is reviewing literature for an evidence -based practice study. Which study should the nurse use for the most reliable level of evidence that uses statistics to show effectiveness? a. Meta -analysis b. Systematic review c. Single random controlled trial d. Control trial without randomization ANS: A The main difference is that in a meta -analysis the researcher uses statistics to show the effect of an intervention on an outcome. In a systematic review no statistics are used to draw conclusions about the evidence. A single random controlled trial (RCT) is not as conclusive as a review of several RCTs on the same question. Control trials without randomization may involve bias in how the study is conducted. DIF:Analyze (analysis)REF:55 OBJ: Explain the levels of evidence available in the literature. TOP: Planning MSC:Management of Care 9. A nurse is reviewing research studies for evidence -based practice. Which article should the nurse use for qualitative nursing research? a. An article about the number of falls after use of no side rails b. An article about infection rates after use of a new wound dressing c. An article about the percentage of new admissions on a new floor d. An article about emotional needs of dying patients and their families ANS: D Studying emotional needs is a qualitative study. Qualitative nursing research is the study of phenomena that are difficult to quantify or categorize, such as patients’ perceptions of illness. The