(Test Bank) Fundamentals Of Nursing

Berman, Snyder, 11

Nursing

Test Bank

11th Edition

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Test Bank for Fundamentals Of Nursing, The downloadable file consists of 1064 pages, and the total size of the file is 7.46 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Berman, Snyder

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1 Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamentals of Nursing, 11e (Berman/Snyder) Chapter 1 Historical and Contemporary Nursing Practice 1) The nurse is reviewing historic events in nursing for a presentation to be provided to new nursing students. In which chronological order should the nurse present these events? Begin with the earliest (1) and end with the most recent (5). 1. The Order of Deaconesses opens a small hospital in Kaiserswerth, Germany 2. The Knights of St. Lazarus dedicate themselves to the care of people with leprosy, syphilis, and chronic skin conditions. 3. During the American Civil War (1861-1865), Harriet Tubman administered to the care of slaves and injured soldiers. 4. World War II casualties created an acute shortage of care, and the Cadet Nurse Corps was established in response to the shortage of nurses. 5. During the Crimean War (1854-1856), Ms. Nightingale transformed the military hospitals by setting up sanitation practices., Answer: 2, 1, 5, 3, 4 Explanation: 1. In 1836, Theodore Fliedner reinstituted the Order of Deaconesses and opened a small hospital and training school in Kaiserswerth, Germany, where Florence Nightingale received her training. 2. Religion played a significant role in the development of nursing. The crusades saw the formation of several orders of knights who provided care to the sick and injured, including the Knights of St. Lazarus. 3. During the American Civil War (1861-1865), Harriet Tubman administered to the care of slaves and injured soldiers. 4. World War II casualties created an acute shortage of care, and the Cadet Nurse Corps was established in response to the shortage of nurses. 5. During the Crimean War (1854-1856), Ms. Nightingale transformed the military hospitals by setting up sanitation practices. Page Ref: 4-6 Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need/Sub: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Standards: QSEN Competencies: II. C. 3. Value the perspectives and expertise of all health team members | AACN Essential Competencies: I. 9. Value the ideal of lifelong learning to support excellence in nursing practice | NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science; Knowledge; Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe patient care | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Planning Learning Outcome: 1. Discuss historical factors and nursing leaders, female and male, who influenced the development of nursing. MNL Learning Outcome: 1. Recognize how historical factors and leaders influenced the development of contemporary nursing practice. 2 Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education, Inc. 2) The nurse is caring for a nurse who provided care to soldiers during the Vietnam War. What information in this patient's history should the nurse use to understand the patient's nursing career? 1. The patient was still a student when serving in the war. 2. The patient decided to leave the profession after serving in the war. 3. The patient's first patient care experiences were during a time of war. 4. The patient contracted long-term illnesses from being overseas in a war. Answer: 3 Explanation: During the Vietnam War, approximately 11,000 American military women stationed in Vietnam were nurses. Most of them volunteered to go to Vietnam right after they graduated from nursing school, making them the youngest group of medical personnel ever to serve in wartime. The patient was not a student when serving in the war. There is no evidence that the patient left the profession after the war or contracted long-term illnesses from being overseas during a wary. Page Ref: 6 Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need/Sub: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Standards: QSEN Competencies: II. C. 3. Value the perspectives and expertise of all health team members | AACN Essential Competencies: I. 9. Value the ideal of lifelong learning to support excellence in nursing practice | NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science; Knowledge; Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe patient care | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment Learning Outcome: 1. Discuss historical factors and nursing leaders, female and male, who influenced the development of nursing. MNL Learning Outcome: 1. Recognize how historical factors and leaders influenced the development of contemporary nursing practice. 3 Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education, Inc. 3) The nurse is reviewing public health and health promotion roles available for nurses. To which leader should the nurse attribute the development of these roles? 1. Clara Barton 2. Lillian Wald 3. Mary Brewster 4. Florence Nightingale Answer: 4 Explanation: Florence Nightingale's vision of nursing included public health and health promotion roles for nurses, but it was only partly addressed in the early days of nursing. Her focus tended to be on developing the profession within the hospitals. Clara Barton is noted for establishing the American Red Cross. She persuaded Congress to ratify the Treaty of Geneva in 1882 so that the Red Cross could perform humanitarian efforts in times of peace. Lillian Wald is considered the founder of public health nursing. She and Mary Brewster were the first to offer trained nursing services to the poor in the New York slums and developed the Visiting Nurse Service, along with the Henry Street Settlement. Page Ref: 7-8 Cognitive Level: Analyzing Client Need/Sub: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Standards: QSEN Competencies: II. C. 3. Value the perspectives and expertise of all health team members | AACN Essential Competencies: I. 9. Value the ideal of lifelong learning to support excellence in nursing practice | NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science; Knowledge; Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe patient care | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: 1. Discuss historical factors and nursing leaders, female and male, who influenced the development of nursing. MNL Learning Outcome: 1. Recognize how historical factors and leaders influenced the development of contemporary nursing practice. 4 Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education, Inc. 4) The nurse has been asked to participate on the hospital's Shared Governance Committee. To which nurse leader should the nurse attribute the ability for nurses to control the profession? 1. Mary Breckinridge 2. Lavinia Dock 3. Virginia Henderson 4. Margaret Higgins Sanger Answer: 2 Explanation: Lavinia Dock was a feminist, writer, and activist. She participated in protest movements for women's rights that resulted in passage of the 19th Amendment, which allowed women the right to vote. In addition, Dock campaigned for legislation to allow nurses, rather than physicians, to control their profession. Mary Breckinridge established the Frontier Nursing Service. Margaret Higgins Sanger is considered the founder of Planned Parenthood. Page Ref: 9 Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need/Sub: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Standards: QSEN Competencies: II. C. 3. Value the perspectives and expertise of all health team members | AACN Essential Competencies: I. 9. Value the ideal of lifelong learning to support excellence in nursing practice | NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science; Knowledge; Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe patient care | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Diagnosis Learning Outcome: 1. Discuss historical factors and nursing leaders, female and male, who influenced the development of nursing. MNL Learning Outcome: 1. Recognize how historical factors and leaders influenced the development of contemporary nursing practice. 5 Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education, Inc. 5) While conducting a health assessment, the individual asks why the term patient is being used. What should the nurse explain about the implication of the term patient? 1. The person is seeking assistance because of illness. 2. The individual is proactive in his or her healthcare needs. 3. The person is a collaborator in his or her care. 4. The individual is using a service or commodity. Answer: 1 Explanation: The word patient comes from a Latin word meaning "to suffer" or "to bear." Usually, people become patients when they seek assistance because of illness or for surgery. Some nurses believe that the word patient implies passive acceptance of the decisions and care of health professionals, which would be opposite of being proactive in one's healthcare needs. The term client presents the recipient of healthcare as a collaborator in that care, along with the people who are providing service. A consumer is an individual, a group of people, or a community that uses a service or commodity. Page Ref: 15 Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need/Sub: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Standards: QSEN Competencies: II. C. 3. Value the perspectives and expertise of all health team members | AACN Essential Competencies: I. 9. Value the ideal of lifelong learning to support excellence in nursing practice | NLN Competencies: Relationship Centered Care; Practice-Know-How; Learn continuously, learn cooperatively | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: 8. Describe how the definition of nursing has evolved since Florence Nightingale. MNL Learning Outcome: 3. Recognize the components that make up professional nursing practice. 6 Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education, Inc. 6) The nurse is creating a community education program on health promotion and wellness. Which topic should the nurse use for this program? 1. Prenatal and infant care 2. Prevention of sexually transmitted infections 3. Exercise class for clients who have had a stroke 4. Home accident prevention Answer: 4 Explanation: Wellness is a process that engages in activities and behaviors that enhance quality of life and maximize personal potential. This involves individual and community activities to enhance healthy lifestyles, such as improving nutrition and physical fitness, preventing drug and alcohol misuse, restricting smoking, and preventing accidents in the home and workplace. The goal of illness prevention is to maintain optimal health by preventing disease, which would include immunization, prenatal and infant care, and prevention of sexually transmitted infections. Teaching clients about recovery activities, such as exercises that accelerate recovery after a stroke, would focus on health restoration. Page Ref: 15 Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need/Sub: Health Promotion and Maintenance Standards: QSEN Competencies: I. A. 1. Integrate understanding of multiple dimensions of patient-centered care | AACN Essentials Competencies: VII. 5. Use evidence-based practices to guide health teaching, health counseling, screening, outreach, disease and outbreak investigation, referral, and follow-up throughout the lifespan | NLN Competencies: Context and Environment; Practice; Apply health promotion/disease prevention strategies; Apply health policy | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: 9. Identify the four major areas of nursing practice. MNL Learning Outcome: 3. Recognize the components that make up professional nursing practice. 7 Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education, Inc. 7) The nurse is measuring stool for occult blood during a community health fair. Which level of practice is the nurse providing? 1. Promoting health and wellness 2. Illness prevention 3. Restoring health 4. Rehabilitation Answer: 3 Explanation: Restoring health focuses on the ill client, and it extends from early detection (such as checking for occult blood in feces) through helping the client during the recovery period. Health promotion and wellness activities enhance the quality of life and maximize personal potential. Rehabilitation is an activity of health restoration. Page Ref: 15 Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need/Sub: Health Promotion and Maintenance Standards: QSEN Competencies: I. A. 1. Integrate understanding of multiple dimensions of patient-centered care | AACN Essentials Competencies: VII. 5. Use evidence-based practices to guide health teaching, health counseling, screening, outreach, disease and outbreak investigation, referral, and follow-up throughout the lifespan | NLN Competencies: Context and Environment; Practice; Apply health promotion/disease prevention strategies; Apply health policy | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: 9. Identify the four major areas of nursing practice. MNL Learning Outcome: 3. Recognize the components that make up professional nursing practice. 8 Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education, Inc. 8) The nurse has started working in a state other than the one in which the nursing education program was located. Which should the nurse consult in order to understand the implications of this change of venue? 1. American Nurses Association (ANA) 2. National League for Nursing (NLN) 3. National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) 4. Nurse State Practice Act Answer: 4 Explanation: Nurse practice acts regulate the practice of nursing in the United States and Canada. Each state and each province have its own act. Nurses are responsible for knowing their state's nurse practice act, as it governs their practice. The ANA is the professional organization of nursing, the NLN is responsible for accrediting schools of nursing, and the NCSBN handles licensure of professional nurses. Page Ref: 16 Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need/Sub: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Standards: QSEN Competencies: II. A. 2. Describe scopes of practice and roles of healthcare team members | AACN Essential Competencies: V. 5. Describe state and national statues, rules, and regulations that authorize and define professional nursing practice | NLN Competencies: Context and Environment; Knowledge; Scope of practice considerations | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: 10. Identify the purposes of nurse practice acts and standards of professional nursing practice. MNL Learning Outcome: 3. Recognize the components that make up professional nursing practice. 9) The nurse is orienting a graduate nurse to the care area. When should the nurse expect the graduate nurse's professional identity to be established? 1. During nursing school 2. Upon graduation from school 3. After passing the NCLEX examination 4. After practicing nursing for several years Answer: 1 Explanation: The development of professional identity begins during nursing education. It is not established after graduation from school, after passing the NCLEX examination, or after practicing nursing for several years. Page Ref: 20 Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need/Sub: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Standards: QSEN Competencies: II. A. 2. Describe scopes of practice and roles of healthcare team members | AACN Essential Competencies: V. 5. Describe state and national statues, rules, and regulations that authorize and define professional nursing practice | NLN Competencies: Knowledge; Code of Ethics; Regulatory and professional standards | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: 13. Discuss the criteria of a profession and professional identity formation. MNL Learning Outcome: 3. Recognize the components that make up professional nursing practice. 9 Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education, Inc. 10) The nurse ensures that a patient is covered during a bath. In which role is the nurse functioning? 1. Caregiver 2. Communicator 3. Teacher 4. Client advocate Answer: 1 Explanation: The caregiver role includes those activities that assist the client physically and psychologically while preserving the client's dignity. As a communicator, the nurse identifies client problems, then communicates these verbally or in writing to other members of the health team. As a teacher, the nurse helps clients learn about their health and the healthcare procedures they need to perform to maintain or restore their health. A client advocate acts to protect clients and represents their needs and wishes to other health professionals. Page Ref: 17 Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need/Sub: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Standards: QSEN Competencies: II. A. 2. Describe scopes of practice and roles of healthcare team members | AACN Essential Competencies: V. 5. Describe state and national statues, rules, and regulations that authorize and define professional nursing practice | NLN Competencies: Context and Environment; Knowledge; Code of Ethics; Regulatory and professional standards | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: 11. Describe the roles of nurses. MNL Learning Outcome: 3. Recognize the components that make up professional nursing practice. 10 Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education, Inc. 11) A client wishes to discontinue cancer treatment. If acting as the client advocate, which statement should the nurse make to the client's physician? 1. "The client is making his own decision." 2. "The client would benefit from additional information about treatment options." 3. "The family must be involved in this decision." 4. "Let's educate the family about the consequences of this decision." Answer: 1 Explanation: A client advocate acts to protect the client and may represent the client's needs and wishes to other health professionals, such as relaying the client's wishes for information to the physician. Providing additional information to the client about treatment options and bringing the family into the decision-making process would be examples of the nurse acting as teacher or counselor. Page Ref: 17 Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need/Sub: Psychosocial Integrity Standards: QSEN Competencies: II. A. 2. Describe scopes of practice and roles of healthcare team members | AACN Essential Competencies: VI. 2. Use inter- and intra-professional communication and collaborative skills to deliver evidence-based, patient-centered care | NLN Competencies: Context and Environment; Knowledge; Principles of informed consent, confidentiality, patient self-determination | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: 11. Describe the roles of nurses. MNL Learning Outcome: 3. Recognize the components that make up professional nursing practice. 11 Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education, Inc. 12) The nurse has accepted a position as a case manager. What should the nurse expect to perform when functioning in this role? 1. Managing a client's hospital stay 2. Delegating activities to other nurses 3. Evaluating the performance of ancillary workers 4. Identifying areas of client concern or problems Answer: 1 Explanation: The case manager oversees the care of a specific caseload or may act as the primary nurse to provide some level of direct care to the client and family. Responsibilities may vary from managing acute hospitalizations to managing high-cost clients or case types. Delegating activities to other nurses and evaluating the performance of ancillary workers are responsibilities of the nurse manager. Identifying areas of researchable problems would fall to the research consumer. Page Ref: 18 Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need/Sub: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Standards: QSEN Competencies: II. A. 2. Describe scopes of practice and roles of healthcare team members | AACN Essential Competencies: VII. 4. Use behavioral change techniques to promote health and manage illness | NLN Competencies: Context and Environment; Knowledge; Health promotion/disease prevention | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: 11. Describe the roles of nurses. MNL Learning Outcome: 3. Recognize the components that make up professional nursing practice. 12 Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education, Inc. 13) The manager identifies that a nurse is practicing a professional identity. What did the manager observe to come to this conclusion? 1. Recognizing characteristics considered to be professional 2. Maintaining specific character and spirit 3. Learning about the influences of Florence Nightingale 4. Promising to uphold the standards of the profession Answer: 2 Explanation: Professional identity is a "sense of oneself that is influenced by characteristics, norms, and values of the nursing discipline, resulting in an individual thinking, acting, and feeling like a nurse." Florence Nightingale influenced nursing professionalism a great deal, but simply learning about her influence does not constitute a professional identity because a professional identity refers to a way of life. Professionalization is the process of becoming professional, which is acquiring characteristics considered to be professional and upholding the standards of a profession. Page Ref: 20 Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need/Sub: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Standards: QSEN Competencies: II. C. 5. Respect the unique attributes that members bring to a team, including variations in professional orientations and accountabilities | AACN Essential Competencies: VIII. 4. Demonstrate professionalism, including attention to appearance, demeanor, respect for self and others, and attention to professional boundaries with patients and families as well as among caregivers | NLN Competencies: Context and Environment; Practice; Apply professional standards; show accountability for nursing judgment and actions; develop advocacy skills | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Evaluation Learning Outcome: 13. Discuss the criteria of a profession and professional identity formation. MNL Learning Outcome: 3. Recognize the components that make up professional nursing practice. 13 Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education, Inc. 14) The nurse is caring for several acutely ill patients. What nursing action demonstrates professional autonomy? 1. Delivering medications and prescribed treatments in a timely manner 2. Prioritizing client according to client needs 3. Communicating with peers when help is needed 4. Informing the supervisor about high acuity level and staff-to-client ratio Answer: 2 Explanation: Autonomy in nursing means independence at work, responsibility, and accountability for one's actions. Making decisions about which client requires care according to needs is an example of autonomy. Carrying out physician orders would be an example of nursing care, but not independence. Communication is important in any profession, as is making concerns known to supervisors, but these are not examples of controlling activity–a hallmark of autonomy. Page Ref: 19 Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need/Sub: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Standards: QSEN Competencies: II. C. 5. Respect the unique attributes that members bring to a team, including variations in professional orientations and accountabilities | AACN Essential Competencies: VIII. 4. Demonstrate professionalism, including attention to appearance, demeanor, respect for self and others, and attention to professional boundaries with patients and families as well as among caregivers | NLN Competencies: Context and Environment; Practice; Apply professional standards; show accountability for nursing judgment and actions; develop advocacy skills | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Planning Learning Outcome: 13. Discuss the criteria of a profession and professional identity formation. MNL Learning Outcome: 3. Recognize the components that make up professional nursing practice. 14 Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education, Inc. 15) The student nurse contacts a number of other students to create a study group. What behavior is the student nurse demonstrating? 1. Governance 2. Professional identity 3. Service orientation 4. Specialized education Answer: 2 Explanation: The formation of a professional identity involves learning to behave, feel, and see the world in a manner similar to other persons occupying the same role. The goal is to instill in others the norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors deemed essential. One of the most powerful mechanisms of professional identity is interacting with fellow students and becoming bound together by feelings of mutual cooperation, support, and solidarity. Page Ref: 20 Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need/Sub: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Standards: QSEN Competencies: II. C. 5. Respect the unique attributes that members bring to a team, including variations in professional orientations and accountabilities | AACN Essential Competencies: VIII. 4. Demonstrate professionalism, including attention to appearance, demeanor, respect for self and others, and attention to professional boundaries with patients and families as well as among caregivers | NLN Competencies: Context and Environment; Practice; Apply professional standards; show accountability for nursing judgment and actions; develop advocacy skills | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: 13. Discuss the criteria of a profession and professional identity formation. MNL Learning Outcome: 3. Recognize the components that make up professional nursing practice. 15 Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education, Inc. 16) The nursing instructor is explaining the present economic challenges in healthcare to students in a community health course. What should the instructor emphasize as being important for the students to be aware of? 1. Continuation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) 2. Consumer presence on the boards of nursing associations and regulatory agencies 3. Diagnostic-related groups (DRGs) 4. Advances in science and technology Answer: 1 Explanation: There have been many attempts to repeal the ACA, however, it is still in place. Other forces include consumer demands, family structure, and science and technology. DRGs are a classification system that categorically establishes pretreatment billing based on diagnosis. Although advances in science and technology affect nursing, it is not the underlying cause of more personnel being employed in community-based settings. Consumer presence on nursing associations and regulatory agencies does not cause an economic challenge to the healthcare industry. Page Ref: 21 Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need/Sub: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Standards: QSEN Competencies: II. A. 4. Recognize contributions of other individuals and groups in helping patient/family achieve health goals | AACN Essential Competencies: V. 6. Explore the impact of socio-cultural, economic, legal, and political factors influencing healthcare delivery and practice | NLN Competencies: Context and Environment; Knowledge; Health care systems | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: 15. Describe factors influencing contemporary nursing practice. MNL Learning Outcome: 4. Examine the factors that influence contemporary nursing practice.