(Test Bank) Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics

Serway, 10

Physics

Test Bank

10th Edition

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Test Bank for Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, The downloadable file consists of 810 pages, and the total size of the file is 14.69 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Serway

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Chapter 1—Physics and Measurement Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 1. Which of the following products of ratios gives the conversion factor to convert miles per hour to meters per second ? a. b. c. d. e. ANSWER: d POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 2. The density of an object is defined as: a. the volume occupied by each unit of mass. b. the amount of mass for each unit of volume. c. the weight of each unit of volume. d. the amount of the substance that has unit volume and unit mass. e. the amount of the substance that contains as many particles as 12 grams of the carbon-12 isotope. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy 3. If you drove day and night without stopping for one year without exceeding the legal highway speed limit in the United States, the maximum number of miles you could drive would be closest to: a. 8700. b. 300000. c. 500000. d. 1000000. e. 32000000. ANSWER: c POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 4. The term occurs in Bernoulli's equation in Chapter 15, with ρ being the density of a fluid and v its speed. The dimensions of this term are Chapter 1—Physics and Measurement Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 2 a. M−1L5T2 b. MLT2 c. ML−1T−2 d. M−1L9T−2 e. M−1L3T−2 ANSWER: c POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 5. Which of the following quantities has the same dimensions as kinetic energy, ? Note: [a] = [g] = LT−2; [h] = L and [v] = LT−1. a. ma b. mvx c. mvt d. mgh e. mgt ANSWER: d POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 6. The quantity with the same units as force times time, Ft, with dimensions MLT−1 is a. mv b. mvr c. mv2r d. ma e. ANSWER: a POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 7. The equation for the change of position of a train starting at x = 0 m is given by . The dimensions of b are a. T−3 b. LT−3 c. LT−2 d. LT−1 e. L−1T−1 Chapter 1—Physics and Measurement Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 3 ANSWER: b POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 8. One mole of the carbon-12 isotope contains 6.022 × 1023 atoms. What volume in m3 would be needed to store one mole of cube-shaped children's blocks 2.00 cm long on each side? a. 4.8 × 1018 b. 1.2 × 1022 c. 6.0 × 1023 d. 1.2 × 1024 e. 4.8 × 1024 ANSWER: a POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 9. Which of the following products of ratios gives the conversion factors to convert meters per second to miles per hour ? a. b. c. d. e. ANSWER: d POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 10. One U.S. fluid gallon contains a volume of 231 cubic inches. How many liters of gasoline would you have to buy in Canada to fill a 14-gallon tank? (Note: 1L = 10+3 cm3.) a. 53 b. 21 c. 14 d. 8.0 e. 4.0 Chapter 1—Physics and Measurement Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 4 ANSWER: a POINTS: 3 DIFFICULTY: Challenging 11. At the end of a year, a motor car company announces that sales of a pickup are down 43% for the year. If sales continue to decrease by 43% in each succeeding year, how long will it take for sales to decrease to zero? a. 1 year b. 2 years c. 3 years d. 4 years e. More than four years ANSWER: e POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 12. John and Linda are arguing about the definition of density. John says the density of an object is proportional to its mass. Linda says the object's mass is proportional to its density and to its volume. Which one, if either, is correct? a. They are both wrong. b. John is correct, but Linda is wrong. c. John is wrong, but Linda is correct. d. They are both correct. e. They are free to redefine density as they wish. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy 13. Spike claims that dimensional analysis shows that the correct expression for change in velocity, , is , where m is mass, t is time, and F is the magnitude of force. Carla says that can't be true because the dimensions of force are . Which one, if either, is correct? a. Spike, because . b. Spike, because . c. Carla, because . d. Carla, because . Chapter 1—Physics and Measurement Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 5 e. Spike, because the dimensions of force are . ANSWER: c POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 14. Which one of the quantities below has dimensions equal to ? a. mv b. mv2 c. d. mrv e. ANSWER: c POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 15. The standard exam page is 8.50 inches by 11.0 inches. Its area in cm2 is a. 19.5 b. 36.8 c. 93.5 d. 237. e. 603. ANSWER: e POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 16. A standard exam page is 8.5 inches by 11 inches. An exam that is 2.0 mm thick has a volume of a. 1.9 × 104 mm3. b. 4.7 × 104 mm3. c. 1.2 × 105 mm3. d. 3.1 × 105 mm3. e. 3.1 × 103 mm3. ANSWER: c POINTS: 3 DIFFICULTY: Challenging Chapter 1—Physics and Measurement Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 6 17. Which quantity can be converted from the English system to the metric system by the conversion factor ? a. feet per second b. feet per hour c. miles per second d. miles per hour e. miles per minute ANSWER: d POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 18. The answer to a question is [MLT−1]. The question is "What are the dimensions of a. mr?" b. mvr?" c. ma?" d. mat?" e. ?" ANSWER: d POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 19. If each frame of a motion picture film is 35 cm high, and 24 frames go by in a second, estimate how many frames are needed to show a two hour long movie. a. 1400 b. 25000 c. 50000 d. 170000 e. This cannot be determined without knowing how many reels were used. ANSWER: d POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 20. One number has three significant figures and another number has four significant figures. If these numbers are added, subtracted, multiplied, or divided, which operation can produce the greatest number of significant figures? a. the addition b. the subtraction c. the multiplication d. the division e. All the operations result in the same number of significant figures. ANSWER: a POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average Chapter 1—Physics and Measurement Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 7 21. A rectangle has a length of 1.323 m and a width of 4.16 m. Using significant figure rules, what is the area of this rectangle? a. 5.50368 m2 b. 5.5037 m2 c. 5.504 m2 d. 5.50 m2 e. 5.5 m2 ANSWER: d POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 22. The standard kilogram is a platinum-iridium cylinder 39 mm in height and 39 mm in diameter. What is the density of the material? ANSWER: 21475 kg/m3 POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 23. A 2.00 m by 3.00 m plate of aluminum has a mass of 324 kg. What is the thickness of the plate? (The density of aluminum is 2.70 × 103 kg/m3.) ANSWER: 2.00 cm POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 24. What is the mass of air in a room that measures 5.0 m × 8.0 m × 3.0 m? (The density of air is 1/800 that of water). ANSWER: 150 kg POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 25. The basic function of a carburetor of an automobile is to atomize the gasoline and mix it with air to promote rapid combustion. As an example, assume that 30 cm3 of gasoline is atomized into N spherical droplets, each with a radius of 2.0 × 10−5 m. What is the total surface area of these N spherical droplets? ANSWER: 45000 cm2 POINTS: 3 DIFFICULTY: Challenging Chapter 2—Motion in One Dimension Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1 1. The position of a particle moving along the x axis is given by x = (21 + 22t − 6.0t2)m, where t is in s. What is the average velocity during the time interval t = 1.0 s to t = 3.0 s? a. −6.0 m/s b. −4.0 m/s c. −2.0 m/s d. −8.0 m/s e. 8.0 m/s ANSWER: c POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 2. A bullet is fired through a board, 14.0 cm thick, with its line of motion perpendicular to the face of the board. If it enters with a speed of 450 m/s and emerges with a speed of 220 m/s, what is the bullet's acceleration as it passes through the board? a. −500 km/s2 b. −550 km/s2 c. −360 km/s2 d. −520 km/s2 e. −275 km/s2 ANSWER: b POINTS: 3 DIFFICULTY: Challenging 3. The position of a particle moving along the x axis is given by x = 6.0t2 − 1.0t3, where x is in meters and t in seconds. What is the position of the particle when it achieves its maximum speed in the positive x direction? a. 24 m b. 12 m c. 32 m d. 16 m e. 2.0 m ANSWER: d POINTS: 3 DIFFICULTY: Challenging 4. The velocity of a particle moving along the x axis is given for t > 0 by vx = (32.0t − 2.00t3) m/s, where t is in s. What is the acceleration of the particle when (after t = 0) it achieves its maximum displacement in the positive x direction? a. −64.0 m/s2 b. zero c. 128 m/s2 d. 32.0 m/s2 e. −32.0 m/s2 ANSWER: a Chapter 2—Motion in One Dimension Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 2 POINTS: 3 DIFFICULTY: Challenging 5. The position of a particle as it moves along the x axis is given for t > 0 by x = (t3 − 3t2 + 6t) m, where t is in s. Where is the particle when it achieves its minimum speed (after t = 0)? a. 3 m b. 4 m c. 8 m d. 2 m e. 7 m ANSWER: b POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 6. The position of a particle as it moves along the x axis is given by x = 15e−2t m, where t is in s. What is the acceleration of the particle at t = 1.0 s? a. 22 m/s b. 60 m/s c. 8.1 m/s d. 15 m/s e. 35 m/s ANSWER: c POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 7. Vx is the velocity of a particle moving along the x axis as shown. If x = 2.0 m at t = 1.0 s, what is the position of the particle at t = 6.0 s? a. −2.0 m b. +2.0 m c. +1.0 m d. −1.0 m e. 6.0 m Chapter 2—Motion in One Dimension Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 3 ANSWER: d POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 8. A particle moving along the x axis has a position given by x = (24t – 2.0t3) m, where t is measured in s. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the particle at the instant when its velocity is zero? a. 24 m/s2 b. zero c. 12 m/s2 d. 48 m/s2 e. 36 m/s2 ANSWER: a POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 9. At t = 0, a particle is located at x = 25 m and has a velocity of 15 m/s in the positive x direction. The acceleration of the particle varies with time as shown in the diagram. What is the velocity of the particle at t = 5.0 s? a. +15 m/s b. −15 m/s c. +30 m/s d. 0 e. −1.2 m/s ANSWER: c POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 10. At t = 0, a particle is located at x = 25 m and has a velocity of 15 m/s in the positive x direction. The acceleration of the particle varies with time as shown in the diagram. What is the position of the particle at t = 5.0 s? Chapter 2—Motion in One Dimension Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 4 a. 175 m b. 125 m c. 138 m d. 154 m e. 165 m ANSWER: d POINTS: 3 DIFFICULTY: Challenging 11. A particle confined to motion along the x axis moves with constant acceleration from x = 2.0 m to x = 8.0 m during a 2.5-s time interval. The velocity of the particle at x = 8.0 m is 2.8 m/s. What is the acceleration during this time interval? a. 0.48 m/s2 b. 0.32 m/s2 c. 0.64 m/s2 d. 0.80 m/s2 e. 0.57 m/s2 ANSWER: b POINTS: 3 DIFFICULTY: Challenging 12. A proton moving along the x axis has an initial velocity of 4.0 × 106 m/s and a constant acceleration of 6.0 × 1012 m/s2. What is the velocity of the proton after it has traveled a distance of 80 cm? a. 5.1 × 106 m/s b. 6.3 × 106 m/s c. 4.8 × 106 m/s d. 3.9 × 106 m/s e. 2.9 × 106 m/s ANSWER: a POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average Chapter 2—Motion in One Dimension Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 5 13. A particle moving with a constant acceleration has a velocity of 20 cm/s when its position is x = 10 cm. Its position 7.0 s later is x = −30 cm. What is the acceleration of the particle? a. −7.3 cm/s2 b. −8.9 cm/s2 c. −11 cm/s2 d. −15 cm/s2 e. −13 cm/s2 ANSWER: a POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 14. An automobile moving along a straight track changes its velocity from 40 m/s to 80 m/s in a distance of 200 m. What is the (constant) acceleration of the vehicle during this time? a. 8.0 m/s b. 9.6 m/s c. 12 m/s d. 6.9 m/s e. 0.20 m/s ANSWER: c POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 15. In 2.0 s, a particle moving with constant acceleration along the x axis goes from x = 10 m to x = 50 m. The velocity at the end of this time interval is 10 m/s. What is the acceleration of the particle? a. +15 m/s2 b. +20 m/s2 c. −20 m/s2 d. −10 m/s2 e. −15 m/s2 ANSWER: d POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 16. An automobile manufacturer claims that its product will, starting from rest, travel 0.40 km in 9.0 s. What is the magnitude of the constant acceleration required to do this? a. 9.9 m/s2 b. 8.9 m/s2 c. 6.6 m/s2 d. 5.6 m/s2 e. 4.6 m/s2 ANSWER: a Chapter 2—Motion in One Dimension Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 6 POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 17. An automobile traveling along a straight road increases its speed from 30.0 m/s to 50.0 m/s in a distance of 180 m. If the acceleration is constant, how much time elapses while the auto moves this distance? a. 6.00 s b. 4.50 s c. 3.60 s d. 4.00 s e. 9.00 s ANSWER: b POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 18. An object moving on the x axis with a constant acceleration increases its x coordinate by 80 m in a time of 5.0 s and has a velocity of +20 m/s at the end of this time. Determine the acceleration of the object during this motion. a. −1.6 m/s2 b. +6.4 m/s2 c. +1.6 m/s2 d. −2.0 m/s2 e. −6.4 m/s2 ANSWER: c POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 19. An electron, starting from rest and moving with a constant acceleration, travels 2.0 cm in 5.0 ms. What is the magnitude of this acceleration? a. 2.5 km/s2 b. 0.80 km/s2 c. 1.6 km/s2 d. 1.3 km/s2 e. 3.2 km/s2 ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy 20. A particle starts from rest at xi = 0 and moves for 10 s with an acceleration of +2.0 cm/s2. For the next 20 s, the acceleration of the particle is −1.0 cm/s2. What is the position of the particle at the end of this motion? a. zero b. +3.0 m c. −1.0 m d. +2.0 m Chapter 2—Motion in One Dimension Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 7 e. −3.0 m ANSWER: b POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 21. A rocket, initially at rest, is fired vertically with an upward acceleration of 10 m/s2. At an altitude of 0.50 km, the engine of the rocket cuts off. What is the maximum altitude it achieves? a. 1.9 km b. 1.3 km c. 1.6 km d. 1.0 km e. 2.1 km ANSWER: d POINTS: 3 DIFFICULTY: Challenging 22. A ball is thrown vertically upward with an initial speed of 20 m/s. Two seconds later, a stone is thrown vertically (from the same initial height as the ball) with an initial speed of 24 m/s. At what height above the release point will the ball and stone pass each other? a. 17 m b. 21 m c. 18 m d. 27 m e. 31 m ANSWER: a POINTS: 3 DIFFICULTY: Challenging 23. An object is thrown vertically and has an upward velocity of 18 m/s when it reaches one fourth of its maximum height above its launch point. What is the initial (launch) speed of the object? a. 35 m/s b. 25 m/s c. 30 m/s d. 21 m/s e. 17 m/s ANSWER: d POINTS: 3 DIFFICULTY: Challenging 24. A stone is thrown from the top of a building with an initial velocity of 20 m/s downward. The top of the building is 60 m above the ground. How much time elapses between the instant of release and the instant of impact with the ground? a. 2.0 s b. 6.1 s c. 3.5 s d. 1.6 s Chapter 2—Motion in One Dimension Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 8 e. 1.0 s ANSWER: a POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 25. An object is thrown downward with an initial (t = 0) speed of 10 m/s from a height of 60 m above the ground. At the same instant (t = 0), a second object is propelled vertically upward from ground level with a speed of 40 m/s. At what height above the ground will the two objects pass each other? a. 53 m b. 41 m c. 57 m d. 46 m e. 37 m ANSWER: b POINTS: 3 DIFFICULTY: Challenging 26. A toy rocket, launched from the ground, rises vertically with an acceleration of 20 m/s2 for 6.0 s until its motor stops. Disregarding any air resistance, what maximum height above the ground will the rocket achieve? a. 1.1 km b. 0.73 km c. 1.9 km d. 0.39 km e. 1.5 km ANSWER: a POINTS: 3 DIFFICULTY: Challenging 27. A rock is thrown downward from an unknown height above the ground with an initial speed of 10 m/s. It strikes the ground 3.0 s later. Determine the initial height of the rock above the ground. a. 44 m b. 14 m c. 74 m d. 30 m e. 60 m ANSWER: c POINTS: 2 DIFFICULTY: Average 28. A ball thrown vertically from ground level is caught 3.0 s later when it is at its highest point by a person on a balcony which is 14 m above the ground. Determine the initial speed of the ball. a. 19 m/s b. 4.7 m/s c. 10 m/s d. 34 m/s