(Test Bank) Discover Sociology

Chambliss,Eglitis, 4

Sociology

Test Bank

4th Edition

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Test Bank for Discover Sociology, The downloadable file consists of 502 pages, and the total size of the file is 2.78 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Chambliss, Eglitis

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Test Bank for Discover Sociology, 4e William Chambliss, Daina Eglitis (All Chapters ) Chambliss, Discover Sociology, 4e SAGE Publishing, 2020 Chapter 1: Discover Sociology Test Bank Multiple Choice 1. Which sociologist developed the concept of the sociological imagination? A. W. E. B. Du Bois B. Karl Marx C. C. Wright Mills D. Max Weber Ans: C KEY: Learning Objective: 1.1: Describe the sociological imagination. REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: The Sociological Imagination Difficulty Level: Easy 2. C. Wright Mills developed the concept of ______ to recognize connections between personal troubles and public issues. A. the sociological imagination B. double consciousness C. urban sociology D. feminism Ans: A KEY: Learning Objective: 1.1: Describe the sociological imagination. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Th e Sociological Imagination Difficulty Level: Medium 3. Which sociological concept uncovers the relationship between personal troubles and public issues? A. race B. gender C. class D. sociological imagination Ans: D KEY: Learning Objective: 1.1: Describe the sociological imagination. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: The Sociological Imagination Difficulty Level: Medium 4. College students who graduated during the height of the recession and were not able to find a job but recognized that it was not due to any fault of their own but to larger structural forces were employing ______. Chambliss, Discover Sociology, 4e SAGE Publishing, 2020 A. sociology B. social embeddedness C. the sociological imagination D. agency Ans: C KEY: Learning Objective: 1.1: D escribe the sociological imagination. REF: Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: The Sociological Imagination Difficulty Level: Medium 5. Which of the following is not one of the social forces that is ignored in blaming the poor for their poverty and suggesting that they work harder and “pull themselves up by their bootstraps? ” A. racial and ethnic discrimination B. the outsourcing of manufacturing jobs C. the dire state of public education in distressed rural and urban areas D. individual choice or agency Ans: D KEY: Learning Objective: 1.1: Describe the sociological imagination. REF: Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: The Sociological Imagination Difficulty Level: Easy 6. ______ is the ability of individuals and groups to make social changes on a small and large scale. A. Structure B. Agency C. Power D. Social control Ans: B KEY: Learning Objective: 1.1: Describe the sociological imagination. REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: The Sociological Imagination Difficulty Level: Medium 7. Which of the following is most closely associated with the concept of free will ? A. structure B. agency C. critical thinking D. sociological imagina tion Ans: B KEY: Learning Objective: 1.1: Describe the sociological imagination. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: The Sociological Imagination Difficulty Level: Easy Chambliss, Discover Sociology, 4e SAGE Publishing, 2020 8. Which of the following is the best example of agency? A. a student’s socioeconomic position B. the quality of a student’s public high school C. a student’s race D. a student’s ability to advocate for himself ANS: D KEY: Learning Objective: 1.1: Describe the sociological imagination. REF: Cognitive Domain: Appli cation Answer Location: The Sociological Imagination Difficulty Level: Medium 9. ______ is the pattern of social arrangements that impact agency and are effected by agency. A. Power B. Privilege C. Social control D. Structure Ans: D KEY: Learning Objectiv e: 1-1: Describe t he sociological imagination REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: The Sociological Imagination Difficulty Level: Medium 10. Social patterns that impose obstacles on us or afford us opportunities are referred to as ______. A. structure B. institutions C. free will D. socialization Ans: A KEY: Learning Objective: 1.1: Describe the sociological imagination. REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: The Sociological Imagination Difficulty Level: Easy 11. Which of the following is the best example of structure? A. President Barack Obama publicly announcing his support for gay marriage B. a women’s rights activist marching in a protest C. a bisexual teenager coming out to his or her friends and family D. laws against wom en’s entry into higher education and the paid labor force in the early 1900s Ans: D KEY: Learning Objective: 1.1: Describe the sociological imagination. REF: Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: The Sociological Imagination Difficulty Level: Medi um Chambliss, Discover Sociology, 4e SAGE Publishing, 2020 12. The relationship between agency and structure is ______, as ______. A. one-sided; agency influences structure B. one-sided; structure enables or constrains agency C. reciprocal; they both have an effect on one another D. nonexistent; there is no relationship between the two Ans: C KEY: Learning Objective: 1.1: Describe the sociological imagination. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: The Sociological Imagination Difficulty Level: Medium 13. Students of parents who are well educa ted and economically prosperous have a position in the class structure that is ______ while students from poor families with no college background experience a class structure that is ______. A. enabling; constraining B. constraining; enabling C. high; low D. advantaged; disadvantaged Ans: A KEY: Learning Objective: 1.1: Describe the sociological imagination. REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: The Sociological Imagination Difficulty Level: Easy 14. ______ is a central part of U.S. c ulture in which people tend to believe that each person creates his or her life’s path and largely disregards the social context in which this happens. A. Imagination B. Individualism C. Collectivism D. Racism Ans: B KEY: Learning Objective: 1-1: Describe the sociological imagination . REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: The Sociological Imagination Difficulty Level: Medium 15. The ability to evaluate claims about truth by using reason and evidence is referred to as ______. A. critical th inking B. the sociological imagination C. deduction D. common sense Ans: A Chambliss, Discover Sociology, 4e SAGE Publishing, 2020 KEY: Learning Objective: 1.2: Understand the significance of critical thinking in the study of sociology. REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Critical Thinking Difficulty Level: Easy 16. Which of the following is a characteristic of critical thinking? A. recognizing weak arguments B. using anecdotal evidence C. relying on intuitive thought D. accepting common truisms Ans: A KEY: Learning Objective: 1.2: Understa nd the significance of critical thinking in the study of sociology. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Critical Thinking Difficulty Level: Medium 17. Critical thinking rejects statements not supported by ______ evidence. A. sociological B. empirical C. anecdotal D. circumstantial Ans: B KEY: Learning Objective: 1.2: Understand the significance of critical thinking in the study of sociology. REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Critical Thinking Difficulty Level: Medium 18. The key knowledge to sociological inquiry is to acknowledge ______ . A. all facts B. opinions C. inconvenient facts D. falsehoods Ans: C KEY: Learning Objective: 1.2: Understand the significance of critical thinking in the study of sociology. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Critical Thinking Difficulty Level: Hard 19. Which sociologist stated that sociological inquiry is to acknowledge inconvenient facts? A. W. E. B. Du Bois B. Karl Marx Chambliss, Discover Sociology, 4e SAGE Publishing, 2020 C. C. Wright Mills D. Max Weber Ans: D KEY: Learning Objective: 1.2: Understand the significance of critical thinking in the study of sociology. REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Critical Thinking Difficulty Level: Hard 20. Which of the following does critical thinking req uire? A. accepting all arguments as equally valid B. being open -minded C. rejecting inconvenient facts D. understanding something is true because it is consistent with our beliefs Ans: B KEY: Learning Objective: 1.2: Understand the significance of critic al thinking in the study of sociology. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Critical Thinking Difficulty Level: Medium 21. Evan is deciding on medical coverage. Which of these possible decisions reflects the use of critical thinking? A. He goes with the coverage he has had in the past out of convenience. B. He takes the recommendation of a friend who is in good health. C. He chooses the most popular coverage option. D. He examines all options before making a decision. Ans: D KEY: Learning Objective: 1.2: Understand the significance of critical thinking in the study of sociology. REF: Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: Critical Thinking Difficulty Level: Hard 22. Amina rides the NYC subway for the first time and he r train breaks down. She tweets about the dismal state of public transportation in New York. Although her frustration is understandable, which of the following rules of critical thinking has she broken? A. be willing to ask any question, no matter how diff icult B. be willing to admit when you are wrong or uncertain about your results C. avoid anecdotal evidence D. think about the assumptions and biases --including your own --that underlie all studies Ans: C KEY: Learning Objective: 1.2: Understand the signifi cance of critical thinking in the study of sociology. REF: Cognitive Domain: Application Chambliss, Discover Sociology, 4e SAGE Publishing, 2020 Answer Location: Critical Thinking Difficulty Level: Hard 23. Thinking critically involves which of the following? A. absorbing all of the information that surrounds us B. becoming pessimistic about the amount of information that surrounds us C. rejecting the information that surrounds us D. becoming critical consumers of the information that surrounds us Ans: C KEY: Learning Objective: 1.2: Understand the significance of critical thinking in the study of sociology. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Critical Thinking Difficulty Level: Medium 24. What does being critical consumers of information entail? A. rejecting information posted on social media B. paying attention to the sources of information we encounter C. seeking out sources of information that rely on anecdotal evidence D. avoiding sources of information that tackle controversial topics Ans: B KEY: Learning Objective: 1.2: Under stand the significance of critical thinking in the study of sociology. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Critical Thinking Difficulty Level: Medium 25. Modern sociological con cepts and research methods emerged in the ______ century aft er the ______ Revolution. A. 18th; Agricultural B. 18th; Information C. 19th; Industrial D. 19th; Urban Ans: C KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: The Dev elopment of Sociological Thinking Difficulty Level: Easy 26. Which of the following are considered Enlightenment ideals? A. equality, liberty, and human rights B. hard work, prosperity, and power C. atheism, critical thinking, and logic D. individualism, intelligence, and intuition Ans: A KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. Chambliss, Discover Sociology, 4e SAGE Publishing, 2020 REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: The Development of Sociological Thinking Difficulty Level: Medium 27. Profit -driven manufacturing based in factories replaced small -scale production during ______ . A. urbanization B. the scientific revolution C. the industrial revolution D. the Enlightenment Ans: C KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical develo pment of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: The Industrial Revolution Difficulty Level: Medium 28. What effect did industrialization have on cities? A. It made farming obsolete. B. It improved the quality of life i n cities. C. It encouraged people to move away from cities. D. It fostered the growth of cities. Ans: D KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Urbanization: The Population Shift Toward Cities Difficulty Level: Easy 29. Accepted social behaviors and beliefs are referred to as ______. A. norms B. culture C. social status D. values Ans: A KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Urbanization: The Population Shift Toward Cities Difficulty Level: Easy 30. People experience ______ when they lose sight of the shared rules and values that give order and meaning to their lives. A. social statics B. positivism C. norms D. anomie Ans: D KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. Chambliss, Discover Sociology, 4e SAGE Publishing, 2020 REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Urbanization: The Population Sh ift Toward Cities Difficulty Level: Easy 31. Durkheim argued that Industrialization would have which of the following effects? A. Industrialization would reinforce shared culture and norms. B. Industrialization would cause people to feel less confused and anxious. C. Industrialization would increase anomie. D. Industrialization would make city populations more homogenous. Ans: C KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological th ought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Urbanization: The Population Shift Toward Cities Difficulty Level: Hard 32. Which 19th -century sociologist is credited with founding sociology? A. Auguste Comte B. Harriet Martineau C. Émile Du rkheim D. Max Weber Ans: A KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Auguste Comte Difficulty Level: Easy 33. Social ______ refer to the way society is held to gether. A. dynamics B. rules C. interactions D. statics Ans: D KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Auguste Comte Difficulty Level: Easy 34. Social ______ are laws that dictate social change. A. statics B. dynamics C. status D. facts Ans: B KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Auguste Comte Chambliss, Discover Sociology, 4e SAGE Publishing, 2020 Difficulty Level: Easy 35. According to Auguste Comte, what does it mean for sociology to be a positivist discipline? A. It is characterized by abstract speculation. B. It requires a sociological imagination. C. It involves critical thinking. D. It is based on fact s alone. ANS: D KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Auguste Comte Difficulty Level: Medium 36. Auguste Comte argued that society goes through three stages: theological, ______, and positivist. A. patriarchal B. industrial C. metaphysical D. scientific reasoning Ans: C KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Auguste Comte Difficulty Level: Hard 37. Harriet Martineau believed for a society to evolve, it must ensure social ______. A. dynamics B. cohesion C. statics D. justice Ans: D KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Harriet Martineau Difficulty Level: Medium 38. Émile Durkheim believed that social facts can only be explained by ______. A. anomie B. other so cial facts C. social justice D. the sociological imagination ANS: B KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Harriet Martineau Chambliss, Discover Sociology, 4e SAGE Publishing, 2020 Difficulty Level: Medium 39. Émile Durkheim established the first rules for conducting sociological research and examined the impact of modern society on social ______. A. solidarity B. justice C. dynamics D. rules Ans: A KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Émile Durkheim Difficulty Level: Medium 40. With regard to social solidarity, Émile Durkheim’s primary concern was how modern society would be held together withou t ______ solidarity. A. normative B. mental C. mechanical D. physical Ans: C KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Émile Durkheim Difficulty Level: Medi um 41. Karl Marx believe that human history should be understood as the product of ______. A. social cohesion B. class conflict C. anomie D. revolution Ans: B KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Karl Marx Difficulty Level: Easy 42. Karl Marx condemned the ______’s exp loitation of the ______. A. proletariat ; means of production B. proletariat ; bourgeoisie C. bourgeoisie; collective conscience D. bourgeoisie; proletariat Ans: D KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Chambliss, Discover Sociology, 4e SAGE Publishing, 2020 Answer Location: Karl Marx Difficulty Level: Medium 43. Karl Marx made which of the following pr edictions? A. The bourgeoisie would grow considerably in size. B. The ownership of the means of production would come to be less concentrated. C. Capitalism would lead to a devaluing of technology. D. Class inequality would ultimately disappear and be repl aced by a utopia of equality. Ans: D KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Karl Marx Difficulty Level: Hard 44. Weber used the method of ______ to understand the meaning of what people say and do. A. theories B. rationality C. anomie D. Verstehen Ans: D KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Max Weber Difficulty Level: Easy 45. According to Max Weber, ______ systems produce bureaucracies. A. traditional B. informal C. formally rational D. interpretive Ans: C KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cog nitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Max Weber Difficulty Level: Medium 46. Which of the following did Marx Weber predict? A. the irrational consequences of the bureaucratization of society B. the humanization of modern bureaucracies C. the customer -focused orientation of modern bureaucracies D. the informal rationality of the bureaucratization of society Ans: A KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Max Weber Chambliss, Discover Sociology, 4e SAGE Publishing, 2020 Difficulty Level: Hard 47. Robert Ezra Park pioneered the study of which of the following? A. social cohesion and class conflict B. feminism and intersectionality C. formal rationality and bu reaucracies D. urban sociology and race relations Ans: D KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Robert Ezra Park Difficulty Level: Medium 48. Which of the f ollowing is true of W. E. B. Du Bois? A. He was a civil rights leader who condemned segregation and the racism of America. B. He wrote about collective consciousness, an inescapable awareness of being an individual within a society of individuals. C. His i deas were often considered too mild for sociologists at the time of his writing. D. His ideas are considered outdated and have been debunked by modern Black sociologists. Ans: A KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: W. E. B. Du Bois Difficulty Level: Medium 49. Why did it take so long for the work of W. E. B. Du Bois to receive acceptance in the sociological community? A. His ideas were considered pseudoscientific. B. His ideas were considered simple. C. His ideas were considered unoriginal. D. His ideas were considered too radical. Ans: D KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cogniti ve Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: W. E. B. Du Bois Difficulty Level: Medium 50. Sociologist ______ developed the term double consciousness . A. Robert Ezra Park B. W. E. B. Du Bois C. Charlotte Perkins Gilman D. Robert K. Merton Ans: B KEY: Learni ng Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Chambliss, Discover Sociology, 4e SAGE Publishing, 2020 Answer Location: W. E. B. Du Bois Difficulty Level: Easy 51. Sociologist ______ authored the Yellow Wallpaper (1892), a story that highlights wom en’s lack of autonomy in marriage. A. Jane Addams B. Mary Wollstonecraft C. Charlotte Perkins Gilman D. Harriet Martineau Ans: C KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Charlotte Perkins Gilman Difficulty Level: Hard 52. Robert K. Merton is best known for which of the following? A. his theory of deviance, his work on the sociology of science, and his iteration of the distinction between latent and manifest functions B. his pioneering of urban sociology and race relations C. his description of the sociological imagination, the imperative in sociology to see the connection between private and public issues D. his theories of social and economic organization Ans: A KEY: Learning Objective: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Robert K. Merton Difficulty Level: Medium 53. C. Wright Mills’ concept of th e sociological imagination was heavily influenced by the following statement made by ______ : “Man makes history, but not under circumstances of his own choosing.” A. Robert K. Merton B. W. E. B. Du Bois C. Karl Marx D. Max Weber Ans: C KEY: Learning Object ive: 1.3: Trace the historical development of sociological thought. REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: C. Wright Mills Difficulty Level: Hard 54. Which sociologist pioneered the study of Chicago neighborhoods, helping create the field of community studies? A. W. E. B. Du Bois B. Jane Addams C. C. Wright Mills