(Test Bank) Using and Understanding Mathematics A Quantitative Reasoning Approach

Bennett, 7

Math & Statistics

Test Bank

7th Edition

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Test Bank for Using and Understanding Mathematics A Quantitative Reasoning Approach, The downloadable file consists of 430 pages, and the total size of the file is 1.73 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Bennett

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Unit 1A Test 1 Name: Date: Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. - 1 - 1. List the two components of a logical argument . 2. Summarize the fallacy of personal attack . 3. Summarize the fallacy of false cause . 4. Give an example of an argument that involves a straw man . 5. List the premise and the conclusion of the following argument: The dogs are barking. Someone must be outside. 6. List the premise and the conclusion of the following argument: People love puppies, so don’t count on there being any puppies at the animal shelter. Unit 1A Test 1 (continued) Name: Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. - 2 - 7. For the following argument, briefly explain how the fallacy of hasty generalization occurs in the argument. Obviously it is best not to testify on your own behalf. Casey Anthony and George Zimmerman each declined to testify, and they were both found “not guilty.” 8. For the following argument, briefly explain how the fallacy of appeal to popularity occurs in the argument. Most people find out what’s happening on social media or other internet sites so it is the most reliable source for news. 9. For the following argument, identify one or more of the 10 fall acies described in this unit. Explain how the fallacy is involved. “Finding Bigfoot” has yet to provide evidence that bigfoots exist, so all those sightings are obviously bogus. 10. When evaluating information from media, explain the importance to consider the source. Unit 1A Test 2 Name: Date: Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. - 3 - 1 . Define fallacy . 2. Summarize the fallacy of circular reasoning . 3. Summarize the fallacy of appeal to ignorance . 4. Give an example of an argument that involves a hasty generalization . 5. List the premise and the conclusion of the following argument: Not many people were in the theatre when I went to see the movie version of “IT”. Horror stories are not popular around here. 6. List the premise and the conclusion of the following argument: No one who would wear a hat like that has the judgement to be mayor! Unit 1A Test 2 (continued) Name: Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. - 4 - 7. For the following argument, briefly explain how the fallacy of appeal to emotion occurs in the argument. A poster which reads “Support the Humane Society”, shown with pictures of small dogs and cats in cages. 8. For the following argument, briefly explain how the fallacy of appeal to ignorance occurs in the argument. None of those haunted plac es shown ever show proof positive that gh osts exist, so obvi ously they do not. 9. For the following argument, identify one or more of the 10 fall acies described in this unit. Explain how the fallacy is involved. The president of that university is campaigning for funds to build a new stadium. He doesn’t care about academics. 10. When evaluating information from media, explain the importance to Check the date. Unit 1A Test 3 Name: Date: Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. - 5 - Choose the correct ans wer to each problem. 1. Which of the following is the study of the methods and princip les of reasoning? (a) Fallacy (b) Premise (c) Logic (d) Argument 2. Which of the following describes an argument based on the idea that if you have a fe w cases, you can draw a conclusion? (a) Hasty generalization (b) Limited choice (c) False cause (d) Appeal to ignorance 3. Which of the following describes an argument based on the idea that since something is desired or chosen by a majority of the peopl e, it must be true or desirabl e? (a) Circular reasoning (b) Appeal to ignorance (c) Appeal to popularity (d) Appeal to emotion 4. Which of the following describes an argument based on the idea that since something has not been proved to be false, it must therefore be true? (a) Hasty generalization (b) Appeal to ignorance (c) Diversion (red herring) (d) Straw man 5. Which argument involves the fallacy of limited choice ? (a) Buy this television—it’s the most popular brand! (b) Three dentists on Main Street recommend SuperWhite Toothpaste. Therefore, all dentists prefer SuperWhite. (c) If you didn’t have Wheatie O’s for breakfast, then you must hav e had granola. (d) A television commercial for a boa rd game features healthy, happ y people enjoying the game. 6. Identify the conclusion of the following argument: Steve bought a new car, and then he got into a traffic accident. Buying the new car must have caused the accident . (a) Steve bought a new car. (b) Steve got into a tr affic accident. (c) Buying the new car must have caused the accident. (d) None of the above 7. Which argument involves the fallacy of appeal to popularity ? (a) You’d better get there on time, s ince otherwise you’ll be late. (b) Since America’s Founding Fathe rs were in favor of free speech, they would certainly have opposed any ban of pornography. (c) Since most people are in favor o f the bill, it must certainly b e a good law. (d) There is no evidence t hat this product causes heart attacks. T herefore, it is perfectly safe. Unit 1A Test 3 (continued) Name: Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. - 6 - 8 . When confronted with questions from the press about alleged political scandals, a congress woman replies that the allegations against her should be ignored since her accuser is part of a vast right-wing conspiracy . This argument is an example of w hich of the following fallacies ? (a) Appeal to popularity (b) Circular reasoning (c) Personal attack (d) Limited choice 9. A senatorial candidate favors eliminating affirmative action programs. His opponent writes that “The other candidate doesn’t think there’s anything wrong with discriminatory hiring practices. ” This argument is an example of w hich of the following fallacies ? (a) Hasty generalization (b) Limited choice (c) False cause (d) Straw man 10. Going onto the internet to check information delivered in the m edia is an example of which step in Evaluating Media Information? (a) Watch for hidden agenda (b) Consider the source (c) Don’t miss the big picture (d) Validate accuracy Unit 1A Test 4 Name: Date: Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. - 7 - Choose the correct ans wer to each problem. 1. The use of a set of facts to s upport a conclusion is called: (a) Logic (b) Argument (c) Circular reasoning (d) Fallacy 2 . Which of the following describes an argument based on the idea that since many people believe something is true, it must be true? (a) Appeal to ignorance (b) False cause (c) Straw man (d) Appeal to popularity 3. Which of the following describes a conclusion which is drawn fr om an inadequate number of cases or cases that have not bee n sufficiently analyzed? (a) Appeal to ignorance (b) Hasty generalization (c) Diversion (red herring) (d) Circular reasoning 4. Which argument involves the fallacy of limited choice ? (a) Since Paul is not at work, he mu st be at the hardware store. (b) Four eye doctors in town all recommend Krystal Kleer contact le nses. Therefore, all eye doctors recommend Krystal Kleer contact lenses. (c) We have never been able to communicate with beings from another planet. Therefore, the earth is the only planet with intelligent life. (d) Buy this stereo system—it’ s the most popular brand! 5. Which argument involves a personal attack (ad hominem)? (a) Dad: “If you want to do well in life, you should do well in sch ool.” Son: “Oh yeah? Well, Mom tells me your grades weren’t very goo d either.” (b) A driver tells a policeman, “You can’t give me a ticket. I’ve never gotten a ticket!” (c) We must raise taxes because of th e children. Children are our m ost important resource, and we must do everything that we can to give them a brighter future. (d) If Proposition S is passed, there will be more pollution. 6. Identify the conclusion of the following argument: Roberta washed her car, and then it started to rain. Washing her car must have caused the rain to fall. (a) Roberta washed her car. (b) It started to rain. (c) Washing her car must have caused the rain to fall. (d) None of the above Unit 1A Test 4 (continued) Name: Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. - 8 - 7. My political opponent would like to loosen the town’s sign rules. He wants to make our beautiful town trashy looking! This argument is an example of w hich of the following fallacies ? (a) False cause (b) Hasty generalization (c) Straw man (d) Diversion (red herring) 8. A television commercial shows two senior citizens enjoying rock climbing and scuba diving and then drinking a certain kind of vitamin drink. This is an example of which of the following fallacies? (a) Hasty generalization (b) Appeal to ignorance (c) Limited choice (d) Appeal to emotion 9. We must limit immigration to the United States in order to sustain the prosperous economy. A strong economy is vital to the health and wealth of the American people and the future of our children. This argument is an example of w hich of the following fallacies ? (a) False cause (b) Diversion (red herring) (c) Straw man (d) Appeal to force 10. The instruction to stand back and think about whether informati on delivered in the media makes sense is an example of which step in Evaluating Media Information? (a) Watch for hidden agenda (b) Consider the source (c) Don’t miss the big picture (d) Validate accuracy Unit 1B Test 1 Name: Date: Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. - 9 - 1 . Define proposition . 2 . Determine whether the following statement is a proposition. Exp lain. Make America great again! 3 . Answer the question regarding the meaning of the given statemen t which contains a multiple negation. Stephen failed to avoid spoilers on the new Star Wars movie. Did Stephen see spoilers? 4 . If you put the following in “If p, then q” form, what would q be? You must study if you want to pass the test . 5. State p and q, and give the truth values of each. Then state whether the ent ire proposition is true or false. All varieties of apples are fruit and Taylor Swift is a rap artist. Unit 1B Test 1 (continued) Name: Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. - 10 - 6 . Does the following use an inclusive or exclusive “ or”? Explain. I’m going to the movies or to a party Friday night. 7 . Make a truth table for the given statement: if not p, then q . 8 . Make a truth table for the given statement: ( not p) and q. 9 . State p and q and give their truth values. Then state whether the disjunctio n (or statement) is true or false. Sparrows can swim, or fish can fly. 10. Express the statement in the form of if p, then q . Siamese is a breed of cat. Unit 1B Test 2 Name: Date: Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. - 11 - 1 . Define negation . 2 . Determine whether the following statement is a proposition. Exp lain. Life is better after 40! 3 . Answer the question regarding the meaning of the given statemen t which contains a multiple negation. The state legislature failed to repeal the law banning the sale of cigarettes in drug stores. Can cigarettes still be sold in drug stores? 4 . If you put the following in “If p, then q” form, what would q be? You need to order now if it is going to be delivered on time. 5. State p and q, and give the truth values of each. Then state whether the ent ire proposition is true or false. Apple makes iPads and bananas are fruit. Unit 1B Test 2 (continued) Name: Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. - 12 - 6 . Does the following use an inclusive or exclusive “ or”? Explain. The insurance policy will cover damage to the car from weather or accidents. 7 . Make a truth table for the given statement: p and q . 8 . Make a truth table for the given statement: p and (not q). 9 . State p and q and give their truth values. Then state whether the disjunctio n (or statement) is true or false. Cows have calves and chickens lay eggs. 10. Express the statement in the form of if p, then q . Male lions have manes. Unit 1B Test 3 Name: Date: Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. - 13 - Choose the correct ans wer to each problem. 1 . Which of the following is a proposition? (a) The boy with the brown eyes. (b) What is your IQ? (c) Toads can sing opera. (d) 15 – 12 2 . Emily scored highest on the test. Which of the following is the negation of this proposition? (a) Jason scored highest on the test. (b) Emily scored lowest on the test. (c) Emily did not score h ighest on the test. (d) Emily did not score lowest on the test. 3 . The House failed to overturn the veto banning th e use of the chemical process. Choose the logical conclusion of the statement. (a) The House will vote again. (b) The use of the chemical process is destructive. (c) The use of the chemical process will continue. (d) The use of the chemical process will cease. 4 . Determine the truth values of p and q in the following statements, then determine which statement is false. (a) Earth revolves around Sun and moon revolves around Earth. (b) Huskies are dogs and herring can swim. (c) Netflix requires subscription and not all movies are on Netfli x. (d) Hershey’s makes candy and lima beans are fruit. 5 . Which of the following most likely demonstrates an inclusive “or”? (a) I should wear a sweater or a jacket. (b) Soup or salad is included in the price of the entrée. (c) On vacation, I like to go to the beach or to the mountains. (d) I need to spend less or make more money. . 6 . Determine the truth values of p or q in the following statements, then determine which statement is true. (a) Busses fly or dogs purr. (b) Dolphins are fish or trees have roots. (c) Poodles are cats or ostriches fly. (d) Rhode Island is in Europe or birds swim. 7 . Use truth tables to determine which statement is logically equ ivalent to if p, then q. (a) p and not q (b) (not p ) and q (c) (not p ) or q (d) p or not q Unit 1B Test 3 (continued) Name: Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. - 14 - 8. If wishes were horses, then beggars could ride. Which of the following is the inverse of this statement? (a) If beggars can’t ride, then wishes aren’t horses. (b) If wishes aren’t horses, then beggars can’t ride. (c) If beggars can’t ride, then wishes are horses. (d) If wishes aren’t horses, then beggars can ride. 9. Which of the following is logically equivalent to any conditio nal? (a) I n v e r s e (b) Converse (c) Contrapositive (d) Negation 10. You are searching for the book The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway. Which of the following key word search combinations would not have your book on its search list? (a) (Man or Sea) and Hemingway (b) (Man and Sea) or (Hemingway and S t e i n b e c k ) (c) (Man or Sea) and (Hemingway or Steinbeck) (d) Man and (Hemingway and Steinbeck) Unit 1B Test 4 Name: Date: Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. - 15 - Choose the correct ans wer to each problem. 1. Which of the following is a proposition? (a) 7 + 3 – 5 (b) Bring me a glass of tea. (c) Alison lives here? (d) Louie likes lobster less than Leslie. 2 . Susie came in first in the race. Which of the following is the negation of this proposition? (a) Billy came in first in the race. (b) Susie came in second in the race. (c) Susie did not come in first in the race. (d) Susie came in last in the race. 3 . Jane will not vote for a candidate who opposes a ban on hand guns. Assuming this statement is true, which of the following is fals e? ( a ) Jane supports a ban on hand guns. (b) Jane may vote for a candidate who does not own a hand gun. (c) Jane might vote for Senator Jones who supports a ban on hand gu ns. (d) If Senator Jones opposes a ban on hand guns, then Jane will vot e for her. 4 . If p is false, q is false, and r is true, which of the following is true? (a) (p and q) and r (b) (not p) and ( q or r) (c) (p and not q ) or not r (d) p and (q or r) 5 . If p is true, q is true, and r is false, which of the following is false? (a) If not p , then (q and r) . (b) If p, then (q and r) . (c) If not p , then (q or r) . (d) If p, then (q or not r) . 6 . Determine the truth values of the hypothesis and the conclusio n in the following statements. Which statement is false? (a) If California is on the west coast, then Colorado is on the eas t coast. (b) If Colorado is on the east coast , then California is on the wes t coast. (c) If Colorado is on the east coast , then New York is on the west coast. (d) If California is on the west coast, then New York is on the eas t coast. 7 . Use truth tables to determine which statement is logically equ ivalent to if not p , then not q . (a) p and not q (b) (not p ) and q (c) (not p ) or q (d) p or not q 8. If I don’t get a job soon, then I will lose my car. Which of the following is the inverse of this statement? (a) If I lose my car, then I won’t get a job soon. (b) If I get a job soon, then I can keep my car. (c) If I can keep my car, then I’ll get a job soon. (d) If I can keep my car, then I won’t get a job soon.