(Test Bank) Prescotts Microbiology

Willey, 11

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Test Bank

11th Edition

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Test Bank for Prescotts Microbiology, The downloadable file consists of 1130 pages, and the total size of the file is 4.52 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Willey

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Test Bank for Prescotts Microbiology 11th Edition by Wi lley (All 44 Chapters Covered ) Prescott's Microbiology, 11e (Willey) Chapter 01: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology 1) Extant microorganisms are organisms from the fossil record that are no longer present on Earth today. Answer: FALSE Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. Learning Outcome: 01.02a Propose a timeline of the origin and history of microbial life and integrate supporting evidence into it 2) All cellular organisms can be placed into one of three Archaea, and the Eukarya. , which include the Bacteria, Answer: domains Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. Learning Outcome: 01.01b Explain Carl Woeses contributions in establishing the three-domain system for classifying cellular life 3) Archaea are cellular organisms that have unique cell membrane . Answer: lipids Topic: Archaea Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. Learning Outcome: 01.01c Determine the type of microbe (e.g., bacterium, fungus, etc.) when given a description of a newly discovered one 4) Microbiologists study a variety of organisms, but all are considered either Bacteria or Archaea. Answer: FALSE Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. Learning Outcome: 01.01a Define the term microbiology 5) All eukaryotes have a membrane -delimited nucleus. Answer: TRUE Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function ASM Objective: 02.04 While microscopic eukaryotes (for example, fungi, protozoa and algae) carry out some of the same processes as bacteria, many of the cellular properties are fundamentally different. Learning Outcome: 01.01c Determine the type of microbe (e.g., bacterium, fungus, etc.) when given a description of a newly discovered one 6) Viruses are not generally studied by microbiologists because they are not classified as living organisms. Answer: FALSE Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems ASM Objective: 02.05 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) differ among viruses and are determined by their unique structures and genomes. Learning Outcome: 01.01a Define the term microbiology 7) Viruses constitute the fourth domain of life in current biological classification schemes. Answer: FALSE Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. Learning Outcome: 01.01b Explain Carl Woeses contributions in establishing the three-domain system for classifying cellular life 8) Protists contain all of the following forms of life EXCEPT . A) protozoa B) fungi C) slime molds D) algae Answer: B Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. Learning Outcome: 01.01b Explain Carl Woeses contributions in establishing the three-domain system for classifying cellular life 9) Cells with a relatively complex morphology that have a true membrane -delimited nucleus are called . A) prokaryotes B) eukaryotes C) urkaryotes D) nokaryotes Answer: B Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function ASM Objective: 02.04 While microscopic eukaryotes (for example, fungi, protozoa and algae) carry out some of the same processes as bacteria, many of the cellular properties are fundamentally different. Learning Outcome: 01.01c Determine the type of microbe (e.g., bacterium, fungus, etc.) when given a description of a newly discovered one 10) Cells with a relatively simple cell morphology that do not have a true membrane -delimited nucleus are called . A) prokaryotes B) eukaryotes C) urkaryotes D) nokaryotes Answer: A Topic: Bacterial Cellular Morphology Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). Learning Outcome: 01.01c Determine the type of microbe (e.g., bacterium, fungus, etc.) when given a description of a newly discovered one 11) The ribosomal RNA studies that led to the division of prokaryotic organisms into the Bacteria and the Archaea were begun by . A) Pasteur B) Woese C) Needham D) Watson Answer: B Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. Learning Outcome: 01.01b Explain Carl Woeses contributions in establishing the three-domain system for classifying cellular life 12) Proteins function in modern cells as . A) catalysts B) hereditary information C) structural elements D) both catalysts and structural elements Answer: D Topic: Bacterial Cellular Morphology Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways ASM Objective: 03.01 Bacteria and Archaea exhibit extensive, and often unique, metabolic diversity (e.g. nitrogen fixation, methane production, anoxygenic photosynthesis). Learning Outcome: 01.01a Define the term microbiology 13) RNA serves to convert the information stored in DNA to . A) carbohydrates B) protein C) lipids D) RNA Answer: B Topic: Bacteria Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. Learning Outcome: 01.02a Propose a timeline of the origin and history of microbial life and integrate supporting evidence into it 14) The earliest microbial fossils that have been found are dated from approximately 4.5 million years ago. Answer: FALSE Topic: Bacteria Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. Learning Outcome: 01.01b Explain Carl Woeses contributions in establishing the three-domain system for classifying cellular life 15) Which of the following distinguish the field of microbiology from other fields of biology? A) The size of the organism studied. B) The techniques used to study organisms regardless of their size. C) Both the size of the organism studied and the techniques employed in the study of organisms. D) Neither the size of the organism studied nor the techniques employed in the study of organisms regardless of their size. Answer: C Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorgan isms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). Learning Outcome: 01.01a Define the term microbiology 16) Who of the following developed a set of criteria that could be used to establish a causative link between a particular microorganism and a particular disease? A) Fracastoro B) Koch C) Pasteur D) Lister Answer: B Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. Learning Outcome: 01.03b Outline a set of experiments that might be used to decide if a particular microbe is the causative agent of a disease 17) Who of the following was the first to observe and accurately describe microorganisms? A) Pasteur B) Lister C) van Leeuwenhoek D) Tyndall Answer: C Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 18) Who of the following provided the evidence needed to discredit the concept of spontaneous generation? A) Pasteur B) Koch C) Semmelweiss D) Lister Answer: A Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 19) The concept that living organisms arise from nonliving material is called . A) biogenesis B) cell theory C) spontaneous generation D) germ theory Answer: C Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 20) The concept that human and animal diseases are caused by microorganisms is called the . A) cell theory B) germ theory C) causative theory D) disease theory Answer: B Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. Learning Outcome: 01.03b Outline a set of experiments that might be used to decide if a particular microbe is the causative agent of a disease 21) Whose work on spontaneous generation first demonstrated the existence of a very heat-resistant form of bacteria that are called endospores? A) Schwann B) Redi C) Tyndall D) Pasteur Answer: C Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 22) Antiseptic surgery was pioneered by . A) Pasteur B) Lister C) Jenner D) Kitasato Answer: B Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, or biological methods. Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 23) Studies by Emil von Behring and Shibasaburo Kitasato demonstrated that inactivated toxins can induce the synthesis of antitoxins in the blood of rabbits. These antitoxins (antibodies) are the basis of . A) humoral immunity B) cell-mediated immunity C) antibiotic immunity D) phagocyte -mediated immunity Answer: A Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 24) The first surgical antiseptic to be used was . A) iodine B) ethanol C) phenol D) None of the choices are correct. Answer: C Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, or biological methods. Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 25) Old cultures of bacteria that have lost their ability to cause disease are said to be . A) impotent B) virulent C) pathogenic D) attenuated Answer: D Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 26) Who is credited with developing and documenting the first vaccination procedure against smallpox? A) Koch B) Pasteur C) Jenner D) Lister Answer: C Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, or biological methods. Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 27) Who is credited with developing a vaccine against chicken cholera? A) Koch B) Pasteur C) Jenner D) Lister Answer: B Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, or biological methods. Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 28) Who of the following first discovered that some blood leukocytes could engulf disease-causing bacteria? A) von Behring B) Meister C) Metchnikoff D) Ivanowski Answer: C Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, or biological methods. Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 29) The use of enrichment cultures and selective media was pioneered by . A) Beijerinck B) Jenner C) Pasteur D) von Behring Answer: A Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, or biological methods. Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 30) Fanny Hesse first suggested that agar be used to solidify microbiological media. Answer: TRUE Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways; Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, or biological methods. Learning Outcome: 01.03c Predict the difficulties that might arise when using Koch's postulates to determine if a microbe causes a disease unique to humans 31) M. J. Berkeley demonstrated that the great potato blight of Ireland was caused by a water mold (then thought to be a fungus). Answer: TRUE Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 32) Invisible living creatures were thought to exist and cause disease long before they were ever observed. Answer: TRUE Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 33) Koch's postulates were instrumental in establishing that the intracellular parasite Mycobacterium leprae is the causative organism of leprosy. Answer: FALSE Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. Learning Outcome: 01.03c Predict the difficulties that might arise when using Koch's postulates to determine if a microbe causes a disease unique to humans 34) Edward Jenner's work in preventing rabies led to the use of the term vaccination to describe a type of procedure used in the prevention of disease. Answer: FALSE Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, or biological methods. Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 35) Although developed over 100 years ago, Koch's postulates continue to be used successfully in all known human infectious diseases. Answer: FALSE Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. Learning Outcome: 01.03c Predict the difficulties that might arise when using Koch's postulates to determine if a microbe causes a disease unique to humans 36) Viruses and bacteria were first cultured in the laboratory at about the same time. Answer: FALSE Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky