(Test Bank) Medical-Surgical Nursing

Lemone,Burke,Bauldoff,Gubrud, 6

Nursing

Test Bank

6th Edition

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Test Bank for Medical-Surgical Nursing, The downloadable file consists of 1002 pages, and the total size of the file is 8.87 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Lemone, Burke, Bauldoff, Gubrud

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Study Note Preview

LeMone/Burke/Bauldoff/ Gubrud, Medical -Surgical Nursing 6th Edition Test Bank . (All Chapters Covered ) LeMone/Burke/Bauldoff/Gubrud, Medical -Surgical Nursing 6th Edition Test Bank Chapter 1 Question 1 Type: MCSA The nurse is instructing a patient on the role of diet, exercise, and medication to control type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which core competency for healthcare professionals is the nurse implementing? 1. Quality improvement 2. Evidence -based practice 3. Patient -centered care 4. Teamwork and collaboration Correct Answer: 3 Rationale 1: Identifying safety hazards and measuring quality is an example of the core competency quality improvement. Rationale 2: Using best research when providing patient care is an example of the core competency evidence - based practice. Rationale 3: The nurse instructing the patient is an example of the competency patient -centered care. Rationale 4: The core competency teamwork and collaboration involves collaboration between disciplines to provide continuous and reliable care. Global Rationale: In 2003, the National Academy of Sciences proposed a set of five core competencies that all healthcare professionals should possess to meet the needs of the 21st century. The nurse instructing the patient is an example of the competency patient -centered care . Identifying safety hazards and measuring quality are examples of the core competency quality improvement. Using best research when providing patient care is an example of the core competency evidence -based practice . Collaboration bet ween disciplines to provide continuous and reliable care is an example of the core competency teamwork and collaboration. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care QSEN Competencies: I.A.1. Integrate understanding of multiple dimensions of patient centered care AACN Essential Competencies: IX.7. Provide appropriate patient teaching that reflects developmental stage, age, culture, spirituality, patient preferences, and health literacy considerations to foster patient engagement in their care NLN Competencies: Relationship Centered Care: Learn cooperatively, facilitate the learning of others Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: 1. Describe the core competencies for healthcare professionals: patient -centered care, interprofessional teams, evidence -based practice, quality improvement, safety, and health information technology. MNL Learning Outcome: 10.5.4. Utilize the nursing process in care of client. Page Number: 4 Question 2 Type: MCSA The nurse is planning to utilize the core competency use informatics when providing patient care. Which action should the nurse perform when using this core competency? 1. Change the sharps container in a patient’s room. 2. Document the effectiveness of pain medication for a patient. 3. Discuss the effectiveness of bedside physical therapy with the therapist. 4. Search through a database of articles to find current research on wound care. Correct Answer: 4 Rationale 1: Changing the sharps container is an example of quality improvement . Rationale 2: Documenting the effectiveness of pain medication for a patient is an example of patient -centered care. Rationale 3: Discussing the effectiveness of bedside phys ical therapy with the therapist is an example of teamwork and collaboration . Rationale 4: Searching through a database of articles to find current research on wound care is an example of use informatics . Global Rationale: Examples of the nurse using the core competency use informatics include the use of technology to communicate, manage knowledge, reduce errors, and support decision making. The activity of searching through a database of articles to find c urrent research on wound care is an example of use informatics . Changing the sharps container in a patient’s room is an example of quality improvement . Documenting the effectiveness of pain medication for a patient is an example of patient -centered care. Discussing the effectiveness of bedside physical therapy with the therapist is an example of teamwork and collaboration . Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care QSEN Competencies: VI.B.2. Apply technology and information management tools to support safe processes of care AACN Essentials Competencies: IV.1. Demonstrate skills in using patient care technologies, information systems, and communication devices that support safe nursing practice NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Electronic databases; literature retrieval; evaluating data for validity and reliability; evidence and best practices for nursing Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Planning Learning Outcome: 1. Describe the core competencies for healthcare professionals: patient -centered care, interprofessional teams, evidence -based practice, quality improvement, safety, and health information technology. MNL Learning Outcome: 4.3.3. Examine the treatments used for pressure ulcers. Page Number: 4 Question 3 Type: MCMA The nurse plans to implement evidence -based practice when providing patient care. Which activities should the nurse perform? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Participate in education and research activities when possible. 2. Integrate research findings with clinical care to maximize patient outcomes. 3. Serve on the committee to create critical pathways for patient care. 4. Reinforce hand hygiene techniques with unlicensed assistive personnel. 5. Contact Environmental Services to report a malfunctioning infusion pump. Correct Answer: 1, 2 Rationale 1: Participating in education and research activities when possible is an example of implementing evidence -based practice in the provision of patient care. Rationale 2: Integrating research findings with clinical care to maximize patient outcomes is an example of implementing evidence -based practice in the provision of patient care. Rationale 3: Serving on the committee to create critical pathways for patient care is an example of teamwork and collaboration . Rationale 4: Reinforcing hand hygiene techniques with unlicensed assistive personnel is an example of quality improvement . Rationale 5: Contacting Environmental Services to report a malfunctioning infusion pump is an example of quality improvement . Global Rationale: Participating in education and research activities when possible is an example of implementing evidence -based practice in the provision of patient care. Integrating research findings with clinical care to maximize patient outcomes is an example of implementing evidence -based practice in the provision of patient care. Serving on the committee to create critical pathways for patient care is an example of teamwork and collaboration . Reinforcing hand hygiene techniques with unlicensed assistive personnel is an example of quality improvement . Contacting Environmental Services to repor t a malfunctioning infusion pump is an example of quality improvement . Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care QSEN Competencies: III.B.6. Participate in structuring the work environment to facilitate integration of new evidence into standards of practice AACN Essentials Competencies: III.2. Demonstrate an understanding of the basic elements of the research process and models for applying evidence to clinical practice NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science; Defining what is evidence -based practice Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Planning Learning Outcome: 1. Describe the core competencies for healthcare professionals: patient -centered care, interprofessional teams, evidence -based practice, quality improvement, safety, and health information technology. MNL Learning Outcome: Page Number: 4 Question 4 Type: MCSA The community health nurse is planning to meet with several community members during a health fair. Which nursing activity exemplifies the core competency patient -centered care? 1. Provide smoking cessation classes and literature. 2. Increase the hours for the physician to see patients. 3. Attend a continuing education program on clean water initiatives. 4. Evaluate the effectiveness of weight reduction strategies. Correct Answer: 1 Rationale 1: Providing smoking cessation classes and literature is an example of an activity to provide patient - centered care. Rationale 2: Increasing the hours for the physician to see patients is an activity to support the competency teamwork and collaboration . Rationale 3: Attending a continuing education program on clean water initiatives is an activity to support the competency evidence -based practice . Rationale 4: Evaluating the effectiveness of weight reduction strategies is an activity to support the competency quality improvement . Global Rationale: Activities to exemplify the core competency patient -centered care should be focused on disease prevention, wellness, and promotion of healthy lifestyles. Providing smoking cessation classes and literature is an example of patient -centered care . Increasing the hours for the physician to see patients is an activity to support the competency teamwork and collaboration . Attending a continuing education program on clean water initiatives is an activity to support the competency evidence -based practice. Evaluating the effectiveness of weight reduction strategies is an activity to support the competency quality improvement . Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care QSEN Competencies: I.B.3. Provide patient -centered care with sensitivity and respect for the diversity of human experience AACN Essentials Competencies: IX.3. Implement holistic, patient -centered care that reflects an understanding of human growth and development, pathophysiology, pharmacology, medical management and nursing management across the health -illness continuum, across lifespan, and in all healthcare settings NLN Competencies: Context and Environment; Knowledge; health promotion/disease prevention Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Planning Learning Outcome: 1. Describe the core competencies for healthcare professionals: patient -centered care, interprofessional teams, evidence -based practice, quality improvement, safety, and health information technology. MNL Learning Outcome: 5.9.4. Utilize the nursing process in care of client. Page Number: 4 Question 5 Type: MCSA The nurse is instructing a patient on weight reduction and smoking cessation. Which code of nursing practice is the nurse implementing? 1. International Council of Nurses Code of Ethics for Nurses 2. American Nurses Association Standards of Professional Practice 3. American Nurses Association Code of Ethics for Nurses 4. State Board of Nursing Code Correct Answer: 1 Rationale 1: The International Council of Nurses (ICN) Code of Ethics for Nurses specifies what nurses are accountable for in terms of people, practice, society, coworkers, and the profession. The philosophical basis for this code is that nurses are responsible for promoting health, preventing illness, and alleviating suffering. Instructing a patient on weight reduction and smoking cessation exemplifies the ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses. Rationale 2: The American Nurses Association Standards of Professional Practice are standards, not a code, and focus on specific behaviors to address quality practice, practice evaluation, education, collegiality, collaboration, ethics, research, resource utilization, and leadership. Rationale 3: The American Nurses Association Code of Ethics for Nurses has nine statements that address the nurse’s professional relationships, commitment to patients, patient rights, nursing practice, competency, conditions of employment, and contributions to the science of nursing, collaboration, and nursing values. Rationale 4: The state boards of nursing do not publish codes for nursing. Global Rationale: The International Council of Nurses (ICN) Code of Ethics for Nurses specifies what nurses are accountable for in terms of people, practice, society, coworkers, and the profession. The philosophical basis for this code is that nurses are responsible for promoting health, preventing illness, and alleviating suffering. Instructing a patient on weight reduction and smoking cessation exemplifies the ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses. The American Nurses Association Standards of Pro fessional Practice are standards, not a code, and focus on specific behaviors to address quality practice, practice evaluation, education, collegiality, collaboration, ethics, research, resource utilization, and leadership. The American Nurses Association Code of Ethics for Nurses has nine statements that address the nurse’s professional relationships, commitment to patients, patient rights, nursing practice, competency, conditions of employment, and contributions to the science of nursing, collaboration, a nd nursing values. The state boards of nursing do not publish codes for nursing. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care QSEN Competencies: I.A.1. Integrate understanding of multiple dimensions of patient centered care AACN Essentials Competencies: VII.4. Use behavioral change techniques to promote health and manage illness NLN Competencies: Context and Environment; Knowledge; health promotion/disease prevention Nursing/Integrated Conc epts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: 4. Explain the importance of nursing and interprofessional codes of ethics and standards of practice as guidelines for clinical nursing practice. MNL Learning Outcome: 5.9.4. Utilize the nursing process in care of client. Page Number: 9 Question 6 Type: MCSA The nurse is providing patient care within the American Nurses Association Standards of Professional Performance. Which activity is the nurse implementing? 1. Integrating research findings into practice 2. Implementing a patient’s plan of care 3. Evaluating patient progress toward identified outcomes 4. Analyzing assessment data to determine issues Correct Answer: 1 Rationale 1: The nurse who is practicing within the American Nurses Association Standards of Professional Performance would integrate research findings into practice. The standards focus on ethics, education, evidence - based practice and research, quality nursing practice, communication, leadership, collaboration, professional practice evaluation, resource utilization, and environmental health. Rationale 2: Implementing a patient’s plan of care is an example of adhering to the American Nurses Association Standards of Practice. Rationale 3: Evaluating patient progress toward identified outcomes is an example of adhering to the American Nurses Association Standards of Practice. Rationale 4: Analyzing assessment data to d etermine issues is an example of adhering to the American Nurses Association Standards of Practice. Global Rationale: The nurse who is practicing within the American Nurses Association Standards of Professional Performance would integrate research findings into practice. The standards focus ethics, education, evidence -based practice and research, quality nursing practice, communication, leadership, collaboration, professional practice evaluation, resource utilization, and environmental health. The other activities would be implemented when the nurse is adhering to the American Nurses Association Standards of Practice. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care QSEN Competencies: III.B.6. Participate in structuring the work environment to facilitate integration of new evidence into standards of practice AACN Essentials Competencies: III.2. Demonstrate an understanding of the basic elements of the research process and models for applying evidence to clinical practice NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science; Defining what is evidence -based practice Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: 4. Explain the importance of nursing and interprofessional codes of ethics and standards of practice as guidelines for clinical nursing practice. MNL Learning Outcome: Page Number: 10 Question 7 Type: MCSA The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to assist a patient achieve expected outcomes. Within which American Nurses Association standard is the nurse practicing? 1. Planning 2. Assessment 3. Diagnosis 4. Implementation Correct Answer: 1 Rationale 1: The American Nurses Association Standards of Practice follow the nursing process. The nurse who prescribes strategies and alternatives to assist a patient achieve expected outcomes is practicing within the standard of planning. Rationale 2: Assessment activities include data collection. Rationale 3: Diagnosis activities inclu de analyzing data to determine issues. Rationale 4: Implementation activities include implementing the identified plan, coordinating care delivery, and employing strategies to promote health and a safe environment. Global Rationale: The American Nurses Association Standards of Practice follow the nursing process. The nurse who prescribes strategies and alternatives to assist a patient achieve expected outcomes is practicing within the standard of planning. Assessment activities include data collection. D iagnosis activities include analyzing data to determine issues. Implementation activities include implementing the identified plan, coordinating care delivery, and employing strategies to promote health and a safe environment. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care QSEN Competencies: I.B.3. Provide patient -centered care with sensitivity and respect for the diversity of human experience AACN Essentials Competencies: IX.3. Implement holistic, patient -centered care that reflects an understanding of human growth and development, pathophysiology, pharmacology, medical management and nursing management across the health -illness continuum, across lifespan, and in all healthcare settings NLN Competencies: Context and Environment; Practice; conduct population -based transcultural health assessments and interventions Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: 4. Explain the importance of nursing and interprofessional codes of ethics and standards of practice as guidelines for clinical nursing practice. MNL Learning Outcome: Page Number: 10 Question 8 Type: MCSA A patient with a terminal illness is concerned about pain control. If the International Council of Nurses Code of Ethics for Nurses is followed, what should the nurse plan for the patient? 1. Measures to alleviate suffering 2. Modified activities of daily living 3. Enforcement of strict bed rest 4. Dietary interventions to maximize strength Correct Answer: 1 Rationale 1: The philosophical basis for the International Council of Nurses Code of Ethics for Nurses is the responsibility to promote health, prevent illness, and alleviate suffering. The nurse should plan measures to allevia te the patient’s suffering. Rationale 2: Modified activities of daily living may not affect pain control. Rationale 3: Enforcement of strict bed rest may not affect pain control. Rationale 4: Dietary interventions to maximize strength may not affect pain control. Global Rationale: The philosophical basis for the International Council of Nurses Code of Ethics for Nurses is the responsibility to promote health, prevent illness, and alleviate suffering. The nurse should plan measures to alleviate the patient’s suffering. Modified activities of daily living, enforcement of strict bed rest, and dietary interventions to maximize strength may not affect pain control. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care QSEN Competencies: I.B.7. Initiate effective treatments to relieve pain and suffering in light of patient values, preferences and expressed needs AACN Essentials Competencies: IX.6. Implement patient and family care around resolution of end-of-life and palliative care issues, such as symptom management, support of rituals, and respect for patient and family preferences NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science; Practice; Translate research into practice in order to promote quality and improve practices Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Planning Learning Outcome: 4. Explain the importance of nursing and interprofessional codes of ethics and standards of practice as guidelines for clinical nursing practice. MNL Learning Outcome: 3.4.3. Critique interventions appropriate for the client with cancer. Page Number: 9 Question 9 Type: MCSA A patient is angry after waiting over an hour for pain medication. What should the nurse respond to the patient that demonstrates critical thinking? 1. “I understand your anger and am sorry for the delay. I have your pain medication now.” 2. “I had other patients who needed my attention first, so I did a few things before getting the pain medication.” 3. “I needed to find out what your medication is and if you can have more when you asked.” 4. “It seems that you always ask for pain medication when I am trying to do other things.” Correct Answer: 1 Rationale 1: Critical thinking is evident when the nurse challenges assumptions, overtly identifies and acknowledges the values and beliefs he/she brings to the situation, considers the influence of context, generates possible explanations, and deliberatel y maintains healthy skepticism. For the patient who is angry, this statement demonstrates empathy and critical thinking. Rationale 2: This statement is not an example of critical thinking and would be an inappropriate response. Rationale 3: This statement is not an example of critical thinking and would be an inappropriate response. Rationale 4: This statement is not an example of critical thinking and would be an inappropriate response. Global Rationale: Critical thinking is evident when the nurse challenges assumptions, overtly identifies and acknowledges the values and beliefs he/she brings to the situation, considers the influence of context, generates possible explanations, and deliberately maintains healthy skepticism. As the patient is angry, the statement that demonstrates empathy and critical thinking is “I understand your anger and am sorry for the delay. I have your pain medication now.” The other choices are not examples of critical thinking and would be inappropriate responses. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care QSEN Competencies: I.B.7. Initiate effective treatments to relieve pain and suffering in light of patient values, preferences and expressed needs AACN Essentials Competencies: IX.6. Implement patient and family care around resolution of end-of-life and palliative care issues, such as symptom management, support of rituals, and respect for patient and family preferences NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science; Practice; Translate research into practice in order to promote quality and improve practices Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: 3. Apply the attitudes, mental habits, and skills necessary for clinical reasoning when using the nursing process in patient care. MNL Learning Outcome: Page Number: 4 Question 10 Type: MCSA The nurse is reviewing data collected from a patient during an assessment. Which activity demonstrates that the nurse is using divergent thinking when analyzing this data? 1. The nurse identifies abnormal data for further analyzing. 2. The nurse focuses on normal data to rule out health problems. 3. The nurse discriminates between facts and guesses. LeMone/Burke/Bauldoff/Gubrud, Medical -Surgical Nursing 6th Edition Test Bank Copyright 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. 4. The nurse thinks about the information to determine solutions. Correct Answer: 1 Rationale 1: Divergent thinking, a critical -thinking skill, is the ability to weigh the importance of information. The nurse should sort out the data that are relevant from data that are irrelevant for the patient, remembering that abnormal data are usually considered relevant. Rationale 2: Normal data are helpful but may not change the care to provide to the patient. This is not divergent thinking because it does not weigh the importance of the information. Ration ale 3: Discriminating between facts and guesses describes the critical -thinking skill of reasoning. Rationale 4: Thinking about the information to determine solutions describes the critical -thinking skill of reflection. Global Rationale: Divergent thinking, a critical -thinking skill, is the ability to weigh the importance of information. The nurse should sort out the data that are relevant from data that are irrelevant for the patient. Abnormal data are usually considered relevant; normal data are helpful but may not change the care to provide to the patient. Discriminating between facts and guesses describes the critical -thinking skill of reasoning. Thinking about the information to determine solutions describes the critical -thinking skill of reflection. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care QSEN Competencies: III.A.1. Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes AACN Essentials Competencies: III.6. Integrate evidence, clinical judgment, interprofessional perspectives and patient preferences in planning, implementing, and evaluating outcomes of care NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science; Practice; Translate research into practice in order to promote quality and improve practices Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: 3. Apply the attitudes, mental habits, and skills necessary for clinical reasoning when using the nursing process in patient care. MNL Learning Outcome: Page Number: 4 Question 11 Type: MCSA The nurse is identifying nursing diagnoses appropriate for a patient’s plan of care. What should the nurse use to determine these diagnoses? 1. Diagnostic reasoning 2. Communication techniques 3. Identified outcome criteria LeMone/Burke/Bauldoff/Gubrud, Medical -Surgical Nursing 6th Edition Test Bank Copyright 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. 4. Established priorities Correct Answer: 1 Rationale 1: Making a diagnosis is a complex process, and the nurse uses diagnostic reasoning to choose nursing diagnoses that best define the individual patient’s health problems. Diagnostic reasoning is a form of clinical judgment used to make decisions about which label, or diagnosis, best describes the patterns of data. Steps in the process include identifying significant cues, clustering the cues and identifying gaps, drawing conclusions about the present health status, and determining etiologies and categorizing problems. Rationale 2: Communication techniques would be needed when conducting the patient assessment. Rationale 3: Identification of outcome criteria is a part of the planning phase of the nursing process. Rationale 4: Priorities are established during the implementation phase of the nursing process. Global Rationale: Making a diagnosis is a complex process, and the nurse uses diagnostic reasoning to choose nursing diagnoses that best define the individual patient’s health problems. Di agnostic reasoning is a form of clinical judgment used to make decisions about which label, or diagnosis, best describes the patterns of data. Steps in the process include identifying significant cues, clustering the cues and identifying gaps, drawing conclusions about the present health status, and determining etiologies and categorizing problems. Communication techniques would be needed when conducti ng the patient assessment. Identification of outcome criteria is a part of the planning phase of the nursing process. Priorities are established during the implementation phase of the nursing process. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effecti ve Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care QSEN Competencies: I.A.1. Integrate understanding of multiple dimensions of patient centered care AACN Essentials Competencies: III.6. Integrate evidence, clinical judgment, interprofessional perspectives and patient preferences in planning, implementing, and evaluating outcomes of care NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science; Practice; Translate research into practice in order to promote quality and improve practices Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Diagnosis Learning Outcome: 3. Apply the attitudes, mental habits, and skills necessary for clinical reasoning when using the nursing process in patient care. MNL Learning Outcome: Page Number: 6 Question 12 Type: MCSA The nurse plans and implements care for a patient based on nursing knowledge and skills. In which role is the nurse functioning? LeMone/Burke/Bauldoff/Gubrud, Medical -Surgical Nursing 6th Edition Test Bank Copyright 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. 1. Caregiver 2. Advocate 3. Educator 4. Leader Correct Answer: 1 Rationale 1: The caregiver role for the nurse today is both independent and collaborative. Nurses independently make assessments and plan and implement patient care based on nursing knowledge and skills. Rationale 2: The nurse functioning as a patient advocate actively promotes the patient’s rights to autonomy and free choice. Rationale 3: The nurse functioning in the role of educator nurse assesses lea rning needs, plans and implements teaching methods to meet those needs, and evaluates the effectiveness of the teaching. Rationale 4: The nurse functioning in the role of leader directs, delegates, and coordinates nursing activities. Global Rationale: The caregiver role for the nurse today is both independent and collaborative. Nurses independently make assessments and plan and implement patient care based on nursing knowledge and skills. The nurse functioning as a patient advocate actively promotes the patient’s rights to autonomy and free choice. The nurse functioning in the role of educator nurse assesses learning needs, plans and implements teaching methods to meet those needs, and evaluate s the effectiveness of the teaching. The nurse functioning in the role of leader directs, delegates, and coordinates nursing activities. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care QSEN Competencies: II.B.4. Function competently within own scope of practice as a member of the health care team AACN Essentials Competencies: VI.2. Use inter - and intraprofessional communication and collaborative skills to deliver evidence -based, patient -centered care NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science; Practice; Translate research into practice in order to promote quality and improve practices Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: 5. Explain the activities and characteristics of the nurse as caregiver, educator, advocate, leader and manager, and researcher. MNL Learning Outcome: Page Number: 11 Question 13 Type: MCSA