(Test Bank) Organizational Behavior

Bauer, 3

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2 Organizational Behavior , Version 3 .0 Bauer & Erdogan Chapter 1 Organizational Behavior TRUE/FALSE 1. Current research suggests that the average employe e will change jobs 12 times in their career . (True) 2. Organizational behavior is the systematic study and application of knowledge about how individuals and groups act within the organizations where they work. (True) 3. Emile is seated in a lecture where the instructor is discussing personality. She is most likely in a sociology class. (False) 4. The three levels of analysis examined by organizational behavior research are individual, organization, and society. (False) 5. If I am examining how my manager’s behavio r influences my work group, I am looking at the organizational level of analysis in the organizational behavior discipline. (False) 6. Organizational behavior matters because it analyzes what you care about, what employers care about, and what organizations care about. (True) 7. Successful organizations tend to limit the amount of information shared by maintaining a centralized structure. (False) 8. Research shows that those organizations that are more effective limit the amount of feedback they provide employees, limit the amount of information shared, and allow roles to be ambiguous. (False) 9. Those firms that are categorized as successful tend to pay employees well , train employees, and reduce status differences. (True) 10. Financially there is little incentive to attain a higher level degree.©2018 FlatWorld 3 (False) 11. The unemployment rate decreases as the level of education attained increases. (True) 12. In general, the more training you have, the more financial success you will achieve. (True) 13. Journaling is a technique that helps y ou chart your progress as you learn new skills. (True) 14. The discipline of organizational behavior is simply common sense. (False)15. Michael is an auditory learner. He prefers to learn by actually doing things and from trial and error. (False) 16. A kinesthetic (tactile) learner is very likely to avoid taking once a week classes as they require too much sitting and listening time. (True) 17. Close -ended survey questions can be very time consuming to summarize and very hard to interpret. (False) 18. Glen is interested in finding out how effective a new incentive program might be in an organization. He chooses two departments to focus on in a company. One department works under the incentive program, one does not. This is an experimental design study. (True) 19. A primary criticism of c ase studies is that the results of one organization may not be generalizable to other situations and organizations. (True) 20. Meta -analysis has show n that the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance is moderately strong. (True) 21. Reliability refers to consistency of measurement, while validity assesses whether the measurement accurately captures what it was intended to measure. (True) 22. Most of management research addresses causation. (False)©2018 FlatWorld 4 23. The federal government passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act as a long-term solution to dealing with unethical behavior. (False) 24. Employee engagement has a significant impact on the corporate bottom line. (True) 25. Research by Gallup indicates that only 20% of employees are disengaged from their organization. (False) 26. Moore’s Law suggests that computing power doubles every two years. (True) 27. Because of information overload, some organizations, like Intel, have introduced “No e-mail Fridays” as a way to address the issue. (True) 28. Access to information has led to an increase in innovation and a “flattening of the world.” (True) 29. The triple bottom line refers to evaluating organizations against the three performance criteria of social viability, economic viability, and demographic viability. (False) 30. One of the major challenges facing organizations today is how to reconcile the accountability publicly owned firms have in generating wealth for shareholders while attending to the triple bottom line. (True) 31. In general terms, the American workforce is growing younger. (False) 32. Outsourcing is becoming an increasingly common practice in many organizations. (True) 33. A “shamrock organization” is comprised of one-third regular employees, one-third temporary employees, and one-third consultants and contractors. (True) 34. Offshoring and the development of a shamrock organization structure challenges organizational behavior to manage teams made up of employees separated by culture, language, time and space. (True) 35. A primary challenge to be addressed by organizational behavior is managing people of different generations who have different values with regard to teamwork, rewards, and work-life balance. ©2018 FlatWorld 5 (True) 36. Organizational behavior provides organizations the tools to address the technological, societal, and cultural issues arising today and create an environment that is mutually beneficial to the firm and its employees. (True) MULTIPLE CHOICE Opening Section: Employee Engagement in Organizational Change Toward B Corp Status: The Case of Townshend’s Tea Company 37. *The Townshend Tea Company attributes its quality product to a. having a trusted partner from whom to source their tea. b. greenhouses that grow the product in bulk. c. finding the product in unique areas and paying very little for it. d. owning its own tea farms. (a) Easy/Knowledge 38. *A company operating as a B Corp is for-profit, but has chosen to a. donate over 50% of its profits to charity. b. hire at least 50% of its work force from the welfare roles. c. meet rigorous standards of social and environmental performance, accountability, and transparency. d. meet rigorous standards of employee income equality. (c) Moderate/Comprehension 39. *When Townshend’s fell short of meeting the requirements for B Corp status, it proceeded to a. convene a self-selected team of employees to analyze how to improve Townshend in the areas of governance, workers, community, and environment. b. file for LLC status c. assign four managers to analyze how to improve Townshend in the areas of governance, workers, community, and environment. d. seek to become a non-profit corporation (a) Moderate/Comprehension 40. *The environmental subcommittee for the project eventually developed a a. standard for the sustainable procurement of goods b. internal recycling plan c. list of sustainable alternatives d. permanent committee for environmental concerns (a) Moderate/Comprehension ©2018 FlatWorld 6 Section I: Understanding Organizational Behavior 41. According to the authors of Organizational Behavior, a company’s greatest asset is a. its product. b. its financial resources. c. its people. d. its location. (c) Easy/Knowledge 42. Maurice is enrolled in a career development class at his university. Which of the following statements best reflects important themes in the course? a. All students have common experiences and capabilities so an organization’s career development activities should look the same for everyone. b. Learn as much as you can in as many areas as you can in college because you will not learn much more throughout your worklife. c. Once individuals choose their first job and the organization in which they work, they make very few changes in either throughout the rest of their worklives; so choose carefully. d. Career paths will look different for different people, so it’s best to focus on transferrable skills, such as the ability to diagnose situations, ask tough questions, evaluate answers, and act in effective and ethical manners. (d) Difficult/Synthesis 43. Which of the following is a key level of analysis investigated in Organizational Behavior a. industry. b. individual. c. meta. d. society. (b) Easy/Knowledge 44. The systematic study and application of knowledge about how individuals and groups act within the organizations where they work is a. clinical psychology. b. organizational behavior. c. sociology. d. economics. (b) Easy/Knowledge ©2018 FlatWorld 7 45. Organizational behavior is an interdisciplinary field that draws on all of the following areas except: a. psychology. b. sociology. c. economics. d. all of the above. (d) Easy/Recall 46. Which of the following best describes how psychology can be applied to enhance our understanding of organizational behavior? a. Psychology is primarily focused on society, so it helps us understand how organizations influence the world we live in. b. Psychology is primarily focused on individuals, so it helps us understand how the work environment impacts employees’ experiences and behavior. c. Psychology is primarily focused on group processes, so it helps us understand how teams of employees interact with one another. d. Psychology is primarily focused on systems, so it helps us understand how organizations impact other organizations. (b) Difficult/Synthesis 47. Organizational behavior is: a. common sense. b. a systematic approach to understanding human behavior. c. only relevant for large businesses. d. most important for executives. (b) Medium/Comprehension 48. Organizational behavior draws heavily on personality and motivation studies from what other discipline? a. Psychology b. Physiology c. Economics d. Political Science (a) Easy/Comprehension 49. Work on decision making has been conducted in what area? a. Anthropology b. Humanities c. Economics d. Philosophy (c) Easy/Comprehension ©2018 FlatWorld 8 50. Work on team processes has been carried out in what area? a. Sociology b. Finance c. Economics d. Physics (a) Easy/Comprehension 51. During the first day of an organizational behavior class at your university, the instructor tells the students that during the term they will learn all of the following EXCEPT: a. How to work effectively on team projects. b. How to make more effective decisions about their academic and social lives. c. How different organizations interact with each other. d. How to cope with the stress of finals week. (c) Easy/Comprehension 52. A recent National Association of Colleges and Employers survey indicated all of the following are important skills for evaluating job candidates EXCEPT: a. Ability to verbally communicate. b. Ability to dress the part. c. Ability to work in a team structure. d. Ability to analyze data. (b) Easy/Comprehension 53. Which of the following is accurate according to organizational behavior research? a. Successful companies are more centralized. b. Successful companies emphasize the status differences between their employees. c. Successful companies have very simple and informal hiring systems. d. Successful companies treat their employees well. (d) Easy/Knowledge ©2018 FlatWorld 9 54. Which of the following is likely to help produce an effective organization? a. A firm that controls its labor costs by limiting training opportunities to only a few employees. b. A firm that maintains two separate cafeterias for employees; one for executives and managers and one for everyone else. c. A firm where information is shared on a “need-only” basis. d. A firm that employs selective hiring practices. (d) Difficult/Evaluation 55. Research indicates that all of the following characteristics produce healthy organizations EXCEPT: a. reducing status differences. b. participative decision making. c. information sharing. d. limited feedback. (d) Medium/Analysis 56. Rosario is examining a summary chart on four firms’ organizational characteristics. She feels which of the organizations below is most likely to have the greatest chance to be successful in the next year? a. Organization A uses self-managed teams, pays its workers a little above the average for the industry and has regular “state of the business meetings.” b. Organization B has a pay policy that matches the industry average for each job category, maintains special parking, cafeteria, and restroom facilities for its managers, and conducts performance appraisals every two years. c. Organization C has gone through regular quarterly lay-offs the last few quarters, established a policy last month where all decisions involving the expenditure of fifty dollars or more must be approved by two managers and has temporarily suspended all performance evaluations for the year. d. Organization D maintains a training program that is very selective with regard to employee involvement. They recently instituted a large-scale job flexibility program that “blurs” the lines between job duties and passed a strict pay secrecy policy last month. (a) Difficult/Synthesis 57. Research indicates that effective organizations tend to a. centralize their entire decision making. b. have a very large differential in pay between the lowest paid employee and the CEO. c. hire the first person available for any job opening. d. provide training and other developmental opportunities to employees. (d) Medium/Application ©2018 FlatWorld 10 Unemployment and Earnings for Workers 25 and older by Educational Attainment, 2017 Unemployment Rate (Percent) Educational Degree Median Weekly Earnings (U.S. Dollars) 1.5 Doctoral Degree 1,743 1.5 Professional Degree 1,836 2.2 Master’s Degree 1,401 2.5 Bachelor’s Degree 1,173 3.4 Associate’s Degree 836 4.0 Some College 774 4.6 High School Diploma 712 6.5 Some High School 520 58. The information on the preceding table indicates a. the higher the educational level, the higher the pay. b. there is a negative return to investment in education. c. the level of educational degree does not matter, it is whether you have a degree or not. d. unemployment rates increases as you increase educational attainment level. (a) Difficult/Evaluation Unemployment and Earnings for Workers 25 and older by Educational Attainment, 2017 Unemployment Rate (Percent) Educational Degree Median Weekly Earnings (U.S. Dollars) 1.5 Doctoral Degree 1,743 1.5 Professional Degree 1,836 2.2 Master’s Degree 1,401 2.5 Bachelor’s Degree 1,173 3.4 Associate’s Degree 836 4.0 Some College 774 4.6 High School Diploma 712 6.5 Some High School 520 59. Which is likely, given the data in the preceding table? a. The more training an individual has, the more financial success he enjoys. b. There is a negative financial return to higher-level degree attainment. c. Unemployment levels increase as educational level increases. d. Financially, there is little incentive to achieve a higher-level degree. (a) Difficult/Synthesis 60. Tom Peters, management expert, suggests individuals think of themselves like a brand to be managed. Such brand management might include all of the following actions EXCEPT: a. Appreciate new technology. b. Avoid uncertainty. c. Master something. d. Network. ©2018 FlatWorld 11 (b) Medium/Comprehension 61. To be effective in keeping up your skill set in the future, make sure to a. purchase and use every new technological gadget that comes out on the market. b. make as many connections as you can on Facebook, MySpace or LinkedIn. c. avoid change as much as you can. d. excel at something so it sets you apart. (d) Difficult/Synthesis 62. Journaling is an effective developmental technique. Which of the following is true about the process of journaling? a. Writing your thoughts down increases your stress level as you re-live the events you write about. b. Thinking about your day is as effective as writing it down. c. You must write down your thoughts a minimum of 30 minutes a day to derive any benefits from the process. d. Tracking changes in yourself can be motivating. (d) Medium/Analysis 63. Which of the following is accurate according to Organizational Behavior research? a. We all have excellent perception and readily attend to those things we should. b. We all understand and use the logical approach to decision making. c. People perform better if goals are difficult rather than easy. d. Brainstorming in a group is more effective than brainstorming alone. (c) Difficult/Synthesis 64. *Identify this executive, who realized the value of people in the organization, delivering this quote: “Innovation has nothing to do with how many R&D dollars you have. It’s not about money. It’s about the people you have, how you’re led, and how much you get it.” a. Mary Kay Ash b. Steve Jobs c. Warren Buffet d. Bill Gates (b) Easy/Knowledge 65. *What is the common denominator of how work is accomplished within organizations? a. money b. time c. people d. executive leadership (c) Easy/Knowledge 66. *Stress and how it affects individuals is related to _____ and its contributions to organizational behavior. ©2018 FlatWorld 12 a. finance b. economics c. sociology d. medical science (d) Easy/Knowledge 67. *Five key personal qualities or skills were identified through a survey with the National Association of Colleges and Employers as critical for a. evaluating candidate for a job b. identifying committee members c. recruiting for college admissions d. selecting fraternity or sorority members (a) Easy/Knowledge Section II: Understanding Your Learning Style 68. A kinesthetic learner a. has a preference for doing things and learning by actively engaging with the material. b. retains information by reading and seeing diagrams and flow charts. c. learns primarily by listening to others. d. learns best by attending videotaped lectures. (a) Easy/Knowledge 69. Visual learners prefer to learn a. from reading and seeing diagrams. b. by doing things and learning by trial and error. c. based upon the circumstances of the situation. d. by listening to a lecture.. (a) Easy/Knowledge 70. An auditory learner has a preference for a. learning by taking tests. b. learning by by listening to others. c. learning by reading and seeing diagrams and graphs. d. learning through trial and error. (b) Easy/Knowledge 71. To facilitate his learning in a college course, a visual learner would prefer to a. join a study group. b. tape his professor’s lectures. c. take notes during class. d. avoid scheduling classes that meet for long time periods. (c) Medium/Comprehension 72. A(n) _____ learner is a student who prefers to take breaks during his study sessions and who to move around after reading a chapter in his textbook. . a. visual ©2018 FlatWorld 13 b. auditory c. kinesthetic (tactile) d. emotional (c) Medium/Comprehension 73. Auditory learners have a preference for learning by a. drawing pictures to help them understand material. b. taking notes during lectures to force them to pay attention. c. using charts to summarize the main points of class material. d. recording lectures to refer back to them later. (d) Medium/Comprehension 74. *By using a combination of oral and visual modes in a presentation, the audience a. will probably be bored. b. tends to become overwhelmed with information. c. will typically only retain the part that is presented visually. d. has a better chance of improved retention than using only oral or visual modes. (d) Medium/Comprehension 75. *A good habit when attempting to learn something new is a. have the information presented to you in your learning style b. use a variety of learning styles and train yourself to be able to process information in different ways c. allow the presenter to use their preferred learning style d. use the learning style most opposite your preferred one (b) Medium/Comprehension Section III: Understanding How OB Research is Done 76. Hypotheses are a. entities that take on different values. b. research tools that elicit respondents’ reactions to specific questions. c. the process of writing out thoughts and emotions on a regular basis. d. tentative guesses for expected observations that can be tested. (d) Easy/Knowledge 77. An entity that takes on different values is a. a hypothesis. b. a variable. c. a survey. d. a field study. (b) Easy/Knowledge 78. Research conducted in an actual organization and with real employees is a. a field study. b. a survey. c. a lab study. d. a meta-analytic study. (a) Easy/Knowledge ©2018 FlatWorld 14 79. Which of the following statements about surveys is INCORRECT? a. Either open-ended or close-ended questions can be used in surveys. b. Close-ended question responses are difficult to summarize. c. Surveys involve asking individuals to respond to questions. d. Many effective online survey tools are available free of charge. (b) Medium/Comprehension 80. Research that is conducted outside the workplace and performed under very controlled conditions is called a. a case study. b. a survey. c. a field study. d. a lab study. (d) Easy/Comprehension 81. A control group a. receives experimental manipulation. b. is an entity that can take on different values. c. receives no experimental manipulation. d. is a tentative guess on an observation that can be tested. (c) Easy/Comprehension 82. Which of the following statements about case studies is true? a. They involve a study conducted under controlled conditions. b. They offer the researcher a very simple and effective way to generalize what worked in a single situation to many other situations. c. They are a technique employed by researchers to summarize what other researchers found on a topic. d. They are a way to gather data and explain a single event or situation in detail. (d) Medium/Analysis 83. Marcus wants to thoroughly understand the issues that created the severe economic straits General Motors currently finds itself experiencing. He should consider what kind of a research study? a. A case study. b. A survey. c. A field study. d. A laboratory study. (a) Medium/Application ©2018 FlatWorld 15 84. One Big Ten University wanted to determine whether a Wellness Program that focused on walking to enhance employee health would cut down on employees’ use of health benefits. Employees in the Liberal Arts department were invited to participate and received a $25 gift card to Best Buy for taking part in the program. Employees in the Engineering department did not participate in the program. Health benefits data was examined for both departments. The scenario described above represents which type of research study? a. A case study. b. A survey. c. An experimental field study. d. A laboratory study. (c) Medium/Application 85. One Big Ten University wanted to determine whether a Wellness Program that focused on walking to enhance employee health would cut down on employees’ use of health benefits. Employees in the Liberal Arts department were invited to participate and received a $25 gift card to Best Buy for taking part in the program. Employees in the Engineering department did not participate in the program. Health benefits data was examined for both departments. In the scenario described above, the Liberal Arts school employees are a. the treatment group. b. the control group. c. the survey group. d. the case group. (a) Medium/Application 86. One Big Ten University wanted to determine whether a Wellness Program that focused on walking to enhance employee health would cut down on employees’ use of health benefits. Employees in the Liberal Arts department were invited to participate and received a $25 gift card to Best Buy for taking part in the program. Employees in the Engineering department did not participate in the program. Health benefits data was examined for both departments. The Engineering school employees, described in the scenario above, could be labeled the a. control group. b. treatment group. c. case group. d. survey group. (a) Medium/Application 87. Meta-analysis is a. a study with a group that receives a treatment and a comparison group that receives no treatment. b. a study conducted in an actual organization. ©2018 FlatWorld 16 c. the process of summarizing research findings from studies on related topics. d. an in-depth analysis of a single industry or company. (c) Easy/Knowledge 88. Validity is a. an entity that can take on different values. b. the consistency in measurement. c. the strength of the relationship between two variables. d. the degree to which a measure captures what it is intended to measure. (d) Easy/Knowledge 89. Natalia administered a test to a job candidate three different times. She is looking at the scores and sees that they are 85, 87 and 85 out of 100. She notes that the scores are fairly consistent. In other words, the test is a. valid. b. reliable. c. strong. d. relevant. (b) Medium/Application 90. In analyzing the data, the researcher notes that as employee absences increase, scores on performance evaluations decrease. This suggests a. there is a correlation between employee absenteeism and employee performance. b. employee absence causes poor performance. c. employee absence is a reliable measure. d. employee performance is a valid measure. (a) Difficult/Application 91. Datum refers to a. multiple observations. b. the consistency of a measure. c. the degree to which a measure captures what it is intended to measure. d. a single observation. (d) Easy/Knowledge 92. The likelihood that findings in a given study would be found in another setting or study is known as a. reliability. b. validity. c. meta-analysis. d. generalizability. (d) Easy/Knowledge 93. *All of these are part of the four V’s of Big Data except a. visibility b. variety c. veracity