(Test Bank) Chemistry: A Molecular Approach

9780134989136, Tro, 5

Chemistry

Test Bank

5th Edition

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Test Bank for Chemistry: A Molecular Approach, The downloadable file consists of 1092 pages, and the total size of the file is 6.52 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Tro

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1 Copyright © 20 20 Pearson Education , Inc. Chemistry: A Molecular Approach, 5e (Tro) Chapter 1 Matter, Measurement, and Problem Solving Multiple Choice Questions 1) Molecules can be described as A) mixtures of two or more pure substances. B) mixtures of two or more elements that have a specific ratio between components. C) two or more atoms chemically joined together. D) heterogeneous mixtures. E) homogeneous mixtures. Answer: C Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.1 Global: G1 2) Identify the TRUE s tatement. A) Hydrogen peroxide is used as r ocket fuel and removes color from hair. B) Hydrogen peroxide is safe to drink. C) Hydrogen peroxide is a stable molecule. D) Water reacts with skin. E) Hydrogen peroxide is smaller than water. Answer: A Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.1 Global: G1 3) Which of the foll owing represents a hypothesis ? A) Sodium reacts with water to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. B) Argon gas is a fairly inert substance. C) Water is a liquid at room temperature. D) When a substance combusts, it combines with air . E) When paper burn s, heat is given off. Answer: D Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.2 LO: 1.1 Global: G2 4) The statement, "In a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed" is called A) the Law of Conservation of Mass. B) Dalton's Atomic Theory. C) the Scientif ic Method. D) the Law of Multiple Proportions. E) the Law of Definite Proportions. Answer: A Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.2 LO: 1.1 Global: G1 2 Copyright © 20 20 Pearson Education , Inc. 5) Dalton's Atomic Theory states A) that all elements have several isot opes. B) that matter is composed of smal l indestructible particles. C) that the properties of matter are determined by the properties of atoms. D) that energy is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction. E) that a n atom is predominantly emp ty space. Answer: B Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.2 LO: 1.1 Global: G1 6) A scientific theory A) is just a theory. B) is a strict set of rules and procedures that lead to inarguable fact. C) isn't used much in modern chemistry. D) is based on co ntinued observation and experiment. E) is a framew ork for proving an argument you know to be true. Answer: D Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.2 LO: 1.1 Global: G1 7) Which of the following statements is TRUE? A) Experiments are not needed to valida te a theory. B) Once a theory is proposed, it is considered fact. C) A hypothesis is speculation that is difficult to test. D) An observati on explains why nature does something. E) A scientific law summarizes a series of related observations. Answer: E Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.2 LO: 1.1 Global: G1 8) Identify a liquid. A) definite volume and definite shape B) definite volume and no defi nite shape C) definite shape and no definite volume D) no definite shape and no definite volume Answer: B Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.3 LO: 1.2 Global: G1 3 Copyright © 20 20 Pearson Education , Inc. 9) Identify a soli d. A) definite volume and definite shape B) definite volume and no definite shape C) definite shape and no definite volume D) no definite shape and no definite volume Answer: A Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.3 LO: 1.2 Global: G1 10) Identify a gas. A) defi nite volume and definite shape B) definite v olume and no definite shape C) definite shape and no definite volume D) no definite shape and no definite volume Answer: D Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.3 LO: 1.2 Global: G1 11) Which of the following statements about crystalline and amorphous solids is T RUE? A) A crystalline solid is composed of atoms or molecules arranged with long -range repeating order. B) An ex ample of a crystalline solid is plastic. C) An example of an amorphous solid is diamond. D) A crysta lline solid is composed of atoms or molecule s with a majority of its volume empty. E) All of the above statements are TRUE. Answer: A Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.3 LO: 1.2 Global: G1 12) Which of the following statements about the phases of matter is TR UE? A) In both solids and liquids, the atoms or molecules pack closely to one another. B) Liquids are highly compressible. C) Gaseous substances h ave no space between atoms or molecules. D) There is only one type of geometric arrangement that the atoms or molecules in any solid can adopt. E) Solids are free to move around. Answer: A Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.3 LO: 1.2 Global: G1 4 Copyright © 20 20 Pearson Education , Inc. 13) A substance that can't be chemically broken down into s impler substances is A) a homogeneous mixture. B) an element. C) a heterogeneous mixture. D) a compound. E) an electron. Answer: B Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.3 LO: 1.2 Global: G1 14) A s ubstance composed of two or more elements in a fixed, definite pr oportion is A) a homogeneous mixture. B) a heterogeneous mixture. C) a compound. D) a solution. E) an alloy. Answer: C Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.3 LO: 1.2 Global: G1 15) Decant ing is A) a process in which the mo re volatile liquid is boiled off. B) dissolving a solid into a liquid. C) separating a solid from a liqui d by pouring off the liquid. D) pouring a mixture through a filter paper to separate the solid from the liquid. E) heating a mixture of two solids to f use them together. Answer: C Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.3 Global: G1 16) Distillation is A) a process in which the more volatile liquid is boiled off. B) dissolving a solid into a liquid. C) separating a soli d from a liquid by pouring off the liquid. D) pouring a mixture through a filter paper to separate the solid from the liquid. E) heating a mixture of two solids to fuse them together. Answer: A Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.3 Global: G1 5 Copyright © 20 20 Pearson Education , Inc. 17) Filt ration is A) a process in which the more volatile liquid is boiled off. B) dissolving a solid into a liquid. C) separating a solid from a liquid by pouring off the liquid. D) pouring a mixture through a filter paper to separate the solid from the liquid. E) heating a m ixture of two solids to fuse them together. Answer: D Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.3 Global: G1 18) Two or more substances in variable proportions , where the composition is constant throughout are A) a compound. B) an element. C) a heterogeneous mixture. D) a homogeneous mixture. E) a crystalline solid. Answer: D Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.3 LO: 1.2 Global: G1 19) Two or more substances in varia ble proportions, where the composition is variable throughout are A) a solu tion. B) a homogeneous mixture. C) a compound. D) an amorphous solid. E) a heterogeneous mixture. Answer: E Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.3 LO: 1.2 Global: G1 20) A physical chang e A) occurs when an egg is cooked. B) occurs when sugar is heated into caramel. C) occurs when glucose is converted into energy within your cells. D) occurs when water is cooled to ice. E) occurs when natural gas is burned for heat. Answer: D Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.4 LO: 1.3 Global: G2| G5 6 Copyright © 20 20 Pearson Education , Inc. 21) A chemic al change A) occurs when methane gas is burned. B) occurs when paper is shredded. C) occurs when ice melts. D) occurs when baking soda is dissolved in water. E) occurs when a rubber band is stretched . Answer: A Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.4 LO: 1.3 Global: G2|G5 22) Which of the following statements about energy is FALSE? A) Energy can be converted from one type to another. B) The total energy of the system and surroundings remains constant. C) Kin etic energy is the energy associated wit h its position or composition. D) Energy is the capacity to do work. E) Systems tend to change in order to lower their potential energy. Answer: C Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.5 Global: G2 23) Define thermal energy . A) energy associated with the tempe rature of an object B) energy associated with the motion of an object C) energy associated with the force of an object D) energy associated with the gravity of an object E) energy associated with the position or composit ion of an object Answer: A Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.5 Global: G1 24) Define kinetic energy . A) energy associated with the temperature of an object B) energy associated with the motion of an object C) energy associated with the force of an object D) en ergy associated with the g ravity of an object E) energy associated with the position or composition of an object Answer: B Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.5 Global: G1 7 Copyright © 20 20 Pearson Education , Inc. 25) Define potential energy . A) energy associated with the temperature of an object B) en ergy associated with the motion of an object C) energy associated with the force of an object D) energy associated with the gravity of an object E) energy associated with the position or composition of an object Answer: E Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.5 Glob al: G 1 26) Identify the type of energy that is NOT chemical energy. A) battery B) gasoline in a car C) butane in a lighter D) ball rolling down th e hill E) food Answer: D Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.5 Global: G2|G5 27) Identify the SI base unit of meas ure. A) Celsius B) second C) gram D) centimeter E) watt Answer: B Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.6 Global: G1 28) The outside temperature is 35°C. Wh at is the temperature in K? A) -238 K B) 308 K C) 95 K D) 31 K E) 63 K Answer: B Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.6 LO: 1.4 Global: G4 8 Copyright © 20 20 Pearson Education , Inc. 29) Determine the density of an object that has a mass of 149.8 g and displaces 12.1 mL of water when placed in a graduated cylinder. A) 8.08 g/mL B) 1.38 g/mL C) 12.4 g/mL D) 18.1 g/mL E) 11.4 g/mL Answer: C Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.6 LO: 1.6 Global: G4 30) Determine the volume of an object that has a mass of 455.6 g and a density of 19.3 g/cm 3. A) 87.9 mL B) 42.4 mL C) 18.5 mL D) 23.6 mL E) 31.2 mL Answer: D Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page R ef: 1.6 LO: 1.6 Global: G4 31) Osteoporos is is a condition in which the bone density becomes low. Healthy bones in young adults have a bone density of 1.0 g/cm 3. Identify the incorrect statement. A) Treatment for osteoporosis includes taking calcium. B) Low density bones absorb less x -ray than hi gh density bones. C) A bone density of 1.5 g/cm 3 is caused by osteoporosis. D) Exercise decreases osteoporosis. E) Osteoporosis is most common in postmenopausal women. Answer: C Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref : 1.6 Global: G2|G5 32) Systematic error is defined as A) error that tends to be too high or too low. B) error that has equal probability of being too high and too low. C) error that averages out with repeated trials. D) error that is random. Answer: A Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.7 Global: G1 9 Copyright © 20 20 Pearson Education , Inc. 33) Read th e water level with the correct number of significant figures. A) 5 mL B) 5.3 mL C) 5.32 mL D) 5.320 mL E) 5.3200 mL Answer: B Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.7 LO: 1.7 Global: G3 10 Copyright © 20 20 Pearson Education , Inc. 34) Read the temperature with the correct number of significant figures . A) 87°C B) 87.2°C C) 87.20°C D) 87.200°C E) 87.2000°C Answer: C Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.7 LO: 1.7 Global: G3 35) Read the length of the metal bar with the corr ect number of significant figures. A) 20 cm B) 15 cm C) 15.0 cm D) 15.00 cm E) 15.000 cm Answer: C Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.7 LO: 1.7 Global: G3 11 Copyright © 20 20 Pearson Education , Inc. 36) Read the length of the metal bar with the correct number of significant figures. A) 20 cm B) 15 cm C) 15.0 cm D) 15.00 cm E) 15.000 cm Answer: D Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.7 LO: 1.7 Global: G3 37) Identify the ex act number of students. A) 2 B) 2.0 C) 2.00 D) 2.000 E) 2.0000 Answer: A Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.7 Global: G2 38) What answer should be reported, with the correct number of significant figures, for the following calculation? (433.621 - 333.9) × 11.90 0 A) 1.19 × 10 3 B) 1.187 × 10 3 C) 1.1868 × 10 3 D) 1.18680 × 10 3 E) 1.186799 × 10 3 Answer: A Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.7 LO: 1.8 Global: G4 12 Copyright © 20 20 Pearson Education , Inc. 39) What answer should be reported, with the correct number of signif icant figures, for the following calculation? (249.362 + 41) / 63.498 A) 4.6 B) 4.57 C) 4.573 D) 4.5728 E) 4.57277 Answer: B Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.7 LO: 1.8 Global: G4 40) What answe r should be reported, with the correct number of significant figu res, for the following calculation? (965.43 × 3.911) + 9413.4136 A) 13189 B) 13189.2 C) 1.32 × 10 4 D) 1.3 × 10 4 E) 1.319 × 104 Answer: A Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.7 LO: 1.8 Global: G4 41) If the walls in a room are 955 square feet in area, and a gall on of paint covers 15 square yards, how many gallons of paint are needed for the room? A) 47 gallons B) 21 gall ons C) 7.1 gallons D) 24 gallons E) 2.3 gallons Answer: C Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.8 LO: 1.9 Global: G4|G5 42) Gas is sold for $1.399 per liter in Toronto, Canada. Your car needs 12.00 gallons. How much will your credit card be charged in Canadian dollars? A) $16.79 B) $67.15 C) $4.44 D) $63.54 Answer: D Diff: 5 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.8 LO: 1.9 Global: G4|G5 13 Copyright © 20 20 Pearson Education , Inc. 43) Identify the longest length . A) 3.05 ft B) 38.0 in C) 1.04 yd D) 1.05 m E) 86.87 cm Answer: D Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.8 LO: 1.9 Global: G4 44) Identify the shortest length. A) 3.05 ft B) 38.0 in C) 1.04 yd D) 1.05 m E) 86.87 cm Answer: E Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 1.8 LO: 1.9 Global: G4 Algorithmic Questions 1) Identify the element in diamond . A) carbon atoms B) helium atoms C) magnesium atoms D) bromine atoms E) silicon atoms Answer: A Diff: 1 Var: 50+ Page Ref: 1.1 Global: G2|G5 2) Give the composition of water. A) one hydrogen molecule and two oxygen atoms B) one hydrogen atom and one oxygen atom C) two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom D) one hydrogen molecule and two oxygen molecules Answer: C Diff: 1 Var: 50+ Page Ref: 1.1 Global: G2 14 Copyright © 20 20 Pearson Education , Inc. 3) Give the com position of hydrogen peroxide. A) two hydrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms B) one hydrogen atom and one oxygen atom C) two hydrogen atoms and one ox ygen atom D) one hydrogen molecule and two oxygen atoms Answer: A Diff: 1 Var: 50+ Page Ref: 1.1 Globa l: G2 4) Which of the following represen ts a valid hypothesis ? A) Argon does not react with oxygen. B) Potassium metal reacts violently with water. C) Lead is soft and malleable. D) Oxygen is a gas at room temperature. E) Metals tend to lose electrons. Answer: E Diff: 1 Var: 50+ Page Ref: 1.2 LO: 1.1 Global: G2 5) Identify a state of matter. A) boiling point B) liquid C) color D) mass E) solubility Answer: B Diff: 1 Var: 50+ Page Ref: 1.3 Global: G1 6) Identify the crystalline solid. A) plastic B) glass C) diamond D) w ater E) coffee Answer: C Diff: 2 Var: 50+ Page Ref: 1.3 LO: 1.2 Global: G2|G5