(Test Bank) Introduction To General, Organic And Biochemistry

9781337571357, Bettelheim,Brown,Campbell,Farrell,Torres, 12

Chemistry

Test Bank

12th Edition

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Test Bank for Introduction To General, Organic And Biochemistry, The downloadable file consists of 929 pages, and the total size of the file is 8.91 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Bettelheim, Brown, Campbell, Farrell, Torres

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Chapter 1 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1 1. Which of the following is an example of matter? a. the light of a flame b. the sound of thunder c. the air you breathe d. None of these are matter. ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.1 - CHEMISTRY AND STUDY OF MATTER KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 2. Which of the following is not an example of matter? a. the air in your lungs b. the blood in your arteries c. the sunlight coming through the window d. None; all of these are matter. ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.1 - CHEMISTRY AND STUDY OF MATTER KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 3. Which of the following is a chemical property of water? a. Water vapor has no definite volume. b. Water has a density of 1000 kg/m3. c. Water reacts violently with potassium. d. Ice floats in water. ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.1 - CHEMISTRY AND STUDY OF MATTER KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 4. Which of the following is a chemical property of gold? a. characteristic color b. electrical conductivity c. lack of reactivity d. None; they are all physical properties. ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.1 - CHEMISTRY AND STUDY OF MATTER KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 5. Which of the following is not a physical property of copper? a. characteristic color b. density c. electrical conductivity d. tarnishing of copper ANSWER: d TOPICS: 1.1 - CHEMISTRY AND STUDY OF MATTER KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND Chapter 1 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2 6. Which of the following is not a chemical change? a. rusting of an iron statue b. burning of paper c. curdling of milk d. evaporation of river water ANSWER: d TOPICS: 1.1 - CHEMISTRY AND STUDY OF MATTER KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 7. Which of the following represents a physical change? a. stretching of a silver wire b. tarnishing of silver c. both stretching of a silver wire and tarnishing of silver d. neither stretching of a silver wire and tarnishing of silver ANSWER: a TOPICS: 1.1 - CHEMISTRY AND STUDY OF MATTER KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 8. Which of the following represents a physical change? a. boiling of water b. decomposition of a dead organism c. both boiling of water and decomposition of a dead organism d. neither boiling of water or decomposition of a dead organism ANSWER: a TOPICS: 1.1 - CHEMISTRY AND STUDY OF MATTER KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 9. Which of the following represents a physical change? a. burning of fuel oil b. melting of ice c. both burning of fuel oil and melting of ice d. neither burning of fuel oil or melting of ice ANSWER: b TOPICS: 1.1 - CHEMISTRY AND STUDY OF MATTER KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 10. Which of the following is synonymous with "fact"? a. a hypothesis b. an observation that is reproducible c. an observation that is not reproducible d. none of these ANSWER: b TOPICS: 1.2 - THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER Chapter 1 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3 11. Which of the following is not true of a hypothesis? a. It is a tentative idea or explanation that cannot be disproved by an experiment. b. It is a tentative idea or explanation that cannot be proven by an experiment. c. It is a tentative idea that can either be proven or disproved by an experiment. d. It is a belief that is not based on facts and is asserted without any proof. ANSWER: d TOPICS: 1.2 - THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 12. Which of the following best describes a scientific theory? a. It is just one of many ways of looking at things. b. It is a point of view that cannot be challenged. c. It is a widely accepted explanation of some phenomenon supported by a large amount of experimental data and is therefore definitely correct. d. It is a widely accepted explanation of some phenomenon supported by a large amount of experimental data, but it can be shown to be incorrect by a single experiment that yields results that contradict it. ANSWER: d TOPICS: 1.2 - THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 13. The area of Russia is approximately 17.1 million square miles. Which of the following correctly represents this number in scientific notation? a. 1.71 × 105 b. 1.71 × 106 c. 1.71 × 107 d. 1.71 × 108 ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 14. During its orbit, the Earth's minimum distance from the sun is approximately 148 million kilometers. Which of the following correctly represents this number in scientific notation? a. 1.48 × 105 b. 1.48 × 106 c. 1.48 × 107 d. 1.48 × 108 ANSWER: d TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 15. In one second, light travels 2.998 × 108 meters. Which of the following is the correct way to write this in conventional notation? a. 0.00000002998 m/s b. 2,998,000 m/s Chapter 1 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 4 c. 299,800,000 m/s d. none of these ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 16. The population of the Earth at the end of 2018 was approximately 7.7 × 109 people. Which of the following is the correct way of representing this number? a. 7,700,000,000 people b. 77,000,000,000 people c. 77,000,000,000,000 people d. none of these ANSWER: a TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 17. The land surface area of the earth is approximately 1.49 × 108 km2. Which of the following is the correct way to write this in conventional notation? a. 0.00000000149 km2 b. 149,000,000 km2 c. 14,900,000,000 km2 d. none of these ANSWER: b TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 18. Sometimes, the same word can have different meanings. In the United States the word billion means "a thousand million" but in Britain the word billion means "a million million." Which of the following corresponds to the "British billion"? a. 1 × 10–9 b. 1 × 10–6 c. 1 × 109 d. 1 × 1012 ANSWER: d TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 19. Nanoparticles have an approximate length of 0.1 × 10–10 meters. Which of the following is the correct way to write this in conventional notation? a. 0.00000000001 m b. 0.000000001 m c. 10,000,000 m d. 1,000,000,000 m Chapter 1 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5 ANSWER: a TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 20. Which of the following is the largest number? a. 3 × 10–2 b. 5 × 10 4 c. 3 × 10 3 d. 3.5 × 10–6 ANSWER: b TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 21. Which of the following is the smallest number? a. 8 × 10–3 b. 6 × 10–4 c. 7 × 10–5 d. 9 × 10–6 ANSWER: d TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 22. Given the calculation: 5.63 + 2.302 + 3.1 = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures? a. 11.032 b. 11.03 c. 11.0 d. 11.1 ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 23. Given the calculation: 2.377 + 1.487 + 7.02 = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures? a. 10.884 b. 10.89 c. 10.88 d. 10.9 ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 24. Given the calculation 5.63 + 2.302 – 3.1 = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures? a. 4.83 Chapter 1 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6 b. 4.832 c. 4.9 d. 4.8 ANSWER: d TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 25. Given the calculation: 10.44 – 6.778 – 2.1 = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures? a. 1.55 b. 1.5 c. 1.56 d. 1.6 ANSWER: d TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 26. Given the calculation: 4.238 × 9.1 = ? What is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures? a. 38.5658 b. 38.57 c. 38.6 d. 39 ANSWER: d TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 27. Given the calculation: 1.987 × 6.02 = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures? a. 11.96174 b. 11.96 c. 12.0 d. 12 ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 28. Given the calculation: 25.34/5.98 = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures? a. 4.2375 b. 4.238 c. 4.23 d. 4.24 ANSWER: d TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 29. Given the calculation: 34.343/14.123 = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures? Chapter 1 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 7 a. 2.43171 b. 2.4317 c. 2.432 d. 2.43 ANSWER: b TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 30. Given the calculation: (2.33 × 107) × (6.7 × 105) = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures? a. 1.5611 × 1013 b. 1.6 × 1013 c. 1.56 × 1013 d. 2 × 1013 ANSWER: b TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 31. Given the calculation: (3.83 × 10 -3) × (7.777 × 10 7) = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures? a. 2.98 × 105 b. 2.978 × 105 c. 0.298 × 106 d. 0.2978 × 106 ANSWER: a TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 32. Given the calculation: (12.02 × 1023)/22.00 = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures? a. 5.56 × 10–23 b. 5.55 × 10–23 c. 5.5 × 1022 d. 5.464 × 1022 ANSWER: d TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 33. Given the calculation: (2.343 x 10–24)/(5.23 x 107) = ?, what is the answer reported to the correct number of significant figures? a. 1.225 × 1031 Chapter 1 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 8 b. 1.22 × 1031 c. 4.48 × 10–32 d. 4.47 × 10–32 ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.3 - REPORTING NUMBERS IN SCIENCE KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: UNDERSTAND 34. Which metric prefix is commonly abbreviated using a Greek letter? a. mega b. micro c. milli d. nano ANSWER: b TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 35. Which of the following is the correct order of lengths? a. mm > cm > m > km b. cm > km > nm > mm c. km > cm > mm > μm d. mm > m > cm > km ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 36. Which of the following is the correct order of lengths? a. nm < mm < cm < μm b. cm < nm < μm < mm c. nm < μm < cm < m d. μm < nm < cm < mm ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 37. How many millimeters (mm) are there in 1 megameter (Mm)? a. 1 × 10–6 b. 1 × 10–9 c. 1 × 109 d. 1 × 106 ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER Chapter 1 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 9 38. How many megameters (Mm) are there in 1 millimeter (mm)? a. 1 × 10–9 b. 1 × 10–6 c. 1 × 106 d. 1 × 109 ANSWER: a TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 39. How many nanoliters (nL) are there in 1 liter (L)? a. 1 × 10–12 b. 1 × 10–9 c. 1 × 109 d. 1 × 1012 ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 40. How many liters (L) are there in 1 nanoliter (nL)? a. 1 × 10–9 b. 1 × 10–6 c. 1 × 106 d. 1 × 109 ANSWER: a TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 41. How many microliters (μL) are there in 1 kiloliter (kL)? a. 1 × 10–6 b. 1 × 10–9 c. 1 × 109 d. 1 × 106 ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 42. How many kiloliters (kL) are there in 1 microliter (μL)? a. 1 × 10–6 b. 1 × 10–9 c. 1 × 109 Chapter 1 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 10 d. 1 × 106 ANSWER: b TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 43. In the SI system of units, the cubic meter (m3) is the basic unit of volume. A volume of 1 m3 is equal to which of the following? a. 1 L b. 10 L c. 100 L d. 1000 L ANSWER: d TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 44. A decimeter (dm) is 0.1 m. Sometimes, the volume of a liquid is specified in units of cubic decimeters. Which of the following volumes equals 1 cubic decimeter? a. 1 L b. 10 L c. 1 kL d. 100 L ANSWER: a TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 45. In the SI system of units, the basic unit of volume is the cubic meter (m3). The cubic meter is equal to which of the following? a. 10–9 nL b. 109 nL c. 1012 nL d. 1027 nL ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 46. The standard metric unit of volume, the liter, is equal to which of the following? a. 1 μm3 b. 109 μm3 c. 1015 μm3 d. 106 μm3 ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER Chapter 1 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 11 47. Which of the following is the correct order of masses? a. cg > mg > ng >kg b. cg > ng > kg > mg c. kg > cg > mg > ng d. mg > cg > ng > kg ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 48. Which of the following is the correct order of masses? a. cg < mg < Mg <μg b. cg < Mg < μg < mg c. μg < mg < cg < Mg d. μg < Mg < cg < mg ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 49. How many kilograms (kg) are there in 1 microgram (μg)? a. 1 × 10–6 b. 1 × 10–9 c. 1 × 109 d. 1 × 106 ANSWER: b TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 50. How many micrograms (μg) are there in 1 kilogram (kg)? a. 1 × 10–9 b. 1 × 10–6 c. 1 × 106 d. 1 × 109 ANSWER: d TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 51. How many centigrams (cg) are there in 1 microgram (μg)? a. 1 × 10–6 b. 1 × 10–4 c. 1 × 104 d. 1 × 10–2 Chapter 1 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 12 ANSWER: b TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 52. How many micrograms (μg) are there in 1 centigram (μg)? a. 1 × 10–6 b. 1 × 10–4 c. 1 × 104 d. 1 × 10-2 ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: REMEMBER 53. An intern made an error and gave a patient a dose of 60 mg rather than 600 μg of a drug. Which of the following is true? a. The patient received an overdose by a factor of 100. b. The patient received an overdose by a factor of 1000. c. The patient received an underdose by a factor of 100. d. The patient received an underdose by a factor of 1000. ANSWER: a TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: APPLY 54. An intern made an error and gave a patient a dose of 600 μg rather than 60 mg of a drug. Which of the following is true? a. The patient received an overdose by a factor of 100. b. The patient received an overdose by a factor of 1000. c. The patient received an underdose by a factor of 100. d. The patient received an underdose by a factor of 1000. ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: APPLY 55. How many minutes are there in a 24-hour day? (Assume exactly 24 hours in a day.) a. 60 b. 1.44 × 103 c. 3.60 × 103 d. 8.64 × 104 ANSWER: b TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: APPLY 56. How many seconds are there in two 24-hour days? (Assume exactly 24 hours in a day.) Chapter 1 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 13 a. 7.20 × 102 b. 1.73 × 105 c. 2.59 × 106 d. 8.64 × 104 ANSWER: b TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: APPLY 57. How many minutes are in a 365-day year? (Assume exactly 24 hours in a day.) a. 8.760 × 103 b. 2.190 × 104 c. 5.256 × 105 d. 3.154 × 107 ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: APPLY 58. What temperature on the Kelvin scale is the same as normal body temperature 98.6°F? a. 371.6 K b. 310.0 K c. 119.9 K d. 137.0 K ANSWER: b TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: APPLY 59. Daytime temperatures in a desert can reach 50.0°C. What is this temperature on the Fahrenheit temperature scale? a. 323.0 °F b. 122.0 °F c. 150°F d. none of these ANSWER: b TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: APPLY 60. The lowest temperature recorded on Pluto was -400°F. What is this temperature on the Celsius temperature scale? a. –273°C b. –240°C c. –340°C d. –288°C ANSWER: b TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS Chapter 1 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 14 KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: APPLY 61. At what temperature do the temperatures on the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales have the same numerical value? a. –40 b. 0 c. 32 d. at no value ANSWER: a TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: APPLY 62. At what temperature do the temperatures on the Celsius and Kelvin scales have the same numerical value? a. –40 b. 0 c. 32 d. at no value ANSWER: d TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: APPLY 63. What Celsius temperature is the same as 86.0°F? a. 30.0°C b. 186.8 °C c. 76.6°C d. none of these ANSWER: a TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: APPLY 64. The boiling point of methanol is 65°C. What is this temperature on the Fahrenheit scale? a. 158°F b. 132°F c. 149°F d. 179°F ANSWER: c TOPICS: 1.4 - MAKING MEASUREMENTS KEYWORDS: BLOOM'S: APPLY 65. The boiling point of liquid oxygen is 90.2 K. What is this temperature on the Celsius scale? a. 363.2 °C b. 171°C c. 25°C d. –182.8 °C ANSWER: d