(Test Bank) Anatomy And Physiology

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Chapterȱ1 AnȱIntroductionȱtoȱAnatomyȱandȱPhysiologyMultipleȱChoiceȱQuestions1) TheȱanalysisȱofȱtheȱinternalȱstructureȱofȱindividualȱcellsȱisȱcalledA) cytology.B) histology.C) embryology.D) physiology.E) anatomy.Answer: ADiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms2) Theȱstudyȱofȱtheȱgeneralȱformȱandȱsuperficialȱmarkingsȱofȱanȱorganismȱisȱcalledȱ________ȱanatomy.A) grossB) surfaceC) systemicD) regionalE) surgicalAnswer: BDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms3) Theȱstudyȱofȱtheȱsuperficialȱandȱinternalȱfeaturesȱinȱaȱspecificȱareaȱofȱtheȱbodyȱisȱcalledȱ________ȱanatomy.A) surfaceB) regionalC) surgicalD) pathologicalE) radiographicAnswer: BDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms4) Anatomicalȱfeaturesȱthatȱchangeȱduringȱillnessȱareȱstudiedȱinȱ________ȱanatomy.A) grossB) surfaceC) microscopicD) pathologicalE) regionalAnswer: DDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms5) TheȱstudyȱofȱtheȱliverȱisȱtoȱgrossȱanatomyȱasȱtheȱstudyȱofȱtheȱliverȱcellȱisȱtoA) physiology.B) regionalȱanatomy.C) cytology.D) systemicȱanatomy.E) radiographicȱanatomy.Answer: CDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTermsPageȱ1FundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ8eȱ(Martini)6) TheȱstudyȱofȱtheȱfirstȱtwoȱmonthsȱofȱdevelopmentȱisȱtermedA) histology.B) embryology.C) cytology.D) pathology.E) organology.Answer: BDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms7) TheȱstudyȱofȱtheȱfunctionȱofȱspecificȱorganȱsystemsȱisȱcalledA) systemicȱphysiology.B) organȱphysiology.C) cellȱphysiology.D) pathologicalȱphysiology.E) histology.Answer: ADiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms8) CardiovascularȱphysiologyȱisȱanȱexampleȱofA) histophysiology.B) organȱphysiology.C) systemicȱphysiology.D) pathologicalȱphysiology.E) physiologicalȱchemistry.Answer: CDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms9) WhichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱarrangedȱinȱcorrectȱorderȱfromȱtheȱmostȱCOMPLEXȱtoȱtheȱSIMPLEST?A) cellular,ȱtissue,ȱmolecular,ȱsystem,ȱorgan,ȱorganismB) molecular,ȱcellular,ȱtissue,ȱorgan,ȱsystem,ȱorganismC) tissue,ȱcellular,ȱmolecular,ȱorgan,ȱsystem,ȱorganismD) organ,ȱorganism,ȱmolecular,ȱcellular,ȱtissue,ȱsystemE) organism,ȱsystem,ȱorgan,ȱtissue,ȱcellular,ȱmolecularAnswer: EDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms10) Whichȱorganȱsystemȱprovidesȱsupport,ȱprotectionȱofȱsoftȱtissue,ȱmineralȱstorage,ȱandȱbloodȱformation?A) integumentaryB) muscularC) skeletalD) nervousE) endocrineAnswer: CDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTermsPageȱ2FundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ8eȱ(Martini)11) Whichȱorganȱsystemȱtransportsȱnutrients,ȱmetabolicȱwastes,ȱgases,ȱandȱdefenseȱcells?A) cardiovascularB) digestiveC) muscularD) respiratoryE) urinaryAnswer: ADiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms12) Whichȱorganȱsystemȱincludesȱtheȱspleenȱandȱtheȱtonsils?A) digestiveB) endocrineC) nervousD) cardiovascularE) lymphaticAnswer: EDiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms13) Theȱkidneysȱandȱuretersȱareȱorgansȱofȱtheȱ________ȱsystem.A) endocrineB) digestiveC) respiratoryD) urinaryE) lymphaticAnswer: DDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms14) Theȱpituitaryȱglandȱandȱthyroidȱglandȱareȱorgansȱofȱtheȱ________ȱsystem.A) endocrineB) cardiovascularC) respiratoryD) lymphaticE) digestiveAnswer: ADiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms15) Whichȱorganȱsystemȱremovesȱcarbonȱdioxideȱfromȱtheȱbloodstream?A) cardiovascularB) lymphaticC) respiratoryD) digestiveE) endocrineAnswer: CDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTermsPageȱ3FundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ8eȱ(Martini)16) Lungsȱareȱtoȱtheȱrespiratoryȱsystemȱasȱtheȱliverȱisȱtoȱtheȱ________ȱsystem.A) lymphaticB) urinaryC) digestiveD) cardiovascularE)bothȱBȱandȱDAnswer: CDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms17) Skin,ȱhair,ȱandȱnailsȱareȱassociatedȱwithȱtheȱ________ȱsystem.A) skeletalB) muscularC) integumentaryD) endocrineE)bothȱAȱandȱBAnswer: CDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms18) TheȱmaintenanceȱofȱaȱconstantȱinternalȱenvironmentȱinȱanȱorganismȱisȱtermedA) positiveȱfeedback.B) homeostasis.C) negativeȱfeedback.D) effectorȱcontrol.E) integration.Answer: BDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms19) Whenȱbodyȱtemperatureȱrises,ȱaȱcenterȱinȱtheȱbrainȱinitiatesȱphysiologicalȱchangesȱtoȱdecreaseȱtheȱbodytemperature.ȱThisȱisȱanȱexampleȱofA) negativeȱfeedback.B) positiveȱfeedback.C) nonhomeostaticȱregulation.D) diagnosticȱregulation.E) fever.Answer: ADiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms20) Inȱgeneral,ȱtheȱnervousȱsystemȱdoesȱeachȱofȱtheȱfollowing,ȱexceptA) helpsȱtoȱmaintainȱhomeostasis.B) respondsȱrapidlyȱtoȱchange.C) directsȱlong-termȱresponsesȱtoȱchange.D) directsȱveryȱspecificȱresponses.E)bothȱBȱandȱDAnswer: CDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTermsPageȱ4FundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ8eȱ(Martini)21) Whichȱoneȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱnotȱaȱcharacteristicȱofȱtheȱendocrineȱsystem?A) releasesȱchemicalȱmessengersȱcalledȱhormonesB) producesȱaȱmoreȱrapidȱresponseȱthanȱtheȱnervousȱsystemC) producesȱeffectsȱthatȱlastȱforȱdaysȱorȱlongerD) producesȱanȱeffectȱthatȱinvolvesȱseveralȱorgansȱorȱtissuesȱatȱtheȱsameȱtimeE) importantȱhomeostaticȱsystemAnswer: BDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms22) AȱpersonȱfacingȱforwardȱwithȱhandsȱatȱtheȱsidesȱandȱpalmsȱfacingȱforwardȱisȱinȱtheA) supineȱposition.B) proneȱposition.C) anatomicalȱposition.D) frontalȱposition.E) sagittalȱposition.Answer: CDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms23) Anȱanatomicalȱtermȱthatȱmeansȱtheȱsameasȱventral:A) posteriorB) inferiorC) abdominalD) anteriorE) superiorAnswer: DDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms24) Theȱheartȱisȱ________ȱtoȱtheȱlungs.A) lateralB) medialC) posteriorD) proximalE) distalAnswer: BDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms25) Theȱwristȱisȱ________ȱtoȱtheȱelbow.A) proximalB) distalC) lateralD) medialE) horizontalAnswer: BDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTermsPageȱ5FundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ8eȱ(Martini)26) Theȱchinȱisȱ________ȱtoȱtheȱnose.A) anteriorB) superiorC) posteriorD) inferiorE) medialAnswer: DDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms27) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱregionsȱcorrespondsȱtoȱtheȱbuttocks?A) pelvicB) cephalicC) glutealD) lumbarE) thoracicAnswer: CDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms28) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱtermsȱrefersȱtoȱtheȱfoot?A) cervicalB)brachialC) antebrachialD) femoralE) pedalAnswer: EDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms29) Whichȱplaneȱdividesȱtheȱbodyȱintoȱrightȱandȱleftȱparts?A) proximalB) frontalC) orthogonalD) transverseE) sagittalAnswer: EDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms30) Theȱmuscleȱknownȱasȱtheȱdiaphragmȱseparatesȱtheȱ________ȱfromȱtheȱ________.A) pleuralȱcavity;ȱmediastinumB) thoracicȱcavity;ȱabdominopelvicȱcavityC) pericardialȱcavity;ȱpleuralȱcavityD) abdominalȱcavity;ȱpelvicȱcavityE) pericardialȱsac;ȱpericardialȱcavityAnswer: BDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTermsPageȱ6FundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ8eȱ(Martini)31) TheȱthoracicȱcavityȱcontainsȱtheA) coelom.B) pericardialȱcavity.C) pelvicȱcavity.D) pleuralȱcavities.E)bothȱBȱandȱDAnswer: EDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms32) AȱmidsagittalȱsectionȱwouldȱpassȱthroughȱtheA) kidney.B) lung.C) heart.D) spleen.E) leg.Answer: CDiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ2ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱConcepts33) TheȱserousȱmembraneȱcoveringȱtheȱstomachȱandȱmostȱofȱtheȱintestinesȱisȱcalledȱtheA) pericardium.B) peritoneum.C) pleura.D) mediastinum.E) abdomen.Answer: BDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms34) Mary,ȱwhoȱisȱ6ȱmonthsȱpregnant,ȱgoesȱtoȱherȱphysicianȱforȱaȱtestȱtoȱcheckȱtheȱdevelopmentȱofȱherȱfetus.ȱThephysicianȱusesȱaȱdeviceȱthatȱemitsȱsoundȱwavesȱtoȱproduceȱanȱimageȱofȱtheȱfetus.ȱThisȱtechniqueȱisȱknownȱasA) X-ray.B) CT.C) MRI.D) ultrasound.E) radiography.Answer: DDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms35) AnȱimagingȱtechniqueȱthatȱusesȱaȱmagneticȱfieldȱandȱradioȱwavesȱtoȱproduceȱviewsȱinsideȱtheȱbodyȱisȱtheA) angiogram.B) radiograph.C) CTȱscan.D) MRIȱscan.E) ultrasound.Answer: DDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTermsPageȱ7FundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ8eȱ(Martini)36) Ifȱaȱresponseȱdecreasesȱaȱdisturbance,ȱtheȱsystemȱisȱclassifiedȱasȱaȱ________ȱfeedbackȱsystem.A) deficitB) negativeC) neutralD) polarizedE) positiveAnswer: BDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ2ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱConcepts37) Ifȱaȱresponseȱincreasesȱaȱdisturbance,ȱtheȱsystemȱisȱclassifiedȱasȱaȱ________ȱfeedbackȱsystem.A) deficitB) negativeC) neutralD) polarizedE) positiveAnswer: EDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ2ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱConcepts38) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱorgansȱisȱlocatedȱbetweenȱtheȱperitoneumȱandȱtheȱbodyȱwall?A) stomachB) kidneyC) urinaryȱbladderD) largeȱintestineE) spleenAnswer: BDiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms39) Anatomyȱisȱtoȱ________ȱasȱphysiologyȱisȱtoȱ________.A) function;ȱformB) form;ȱstructureC) structure;ȱfunctionD) structure;ȱformE) growth;ȱformAnswer: CDiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ2ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱConcepts40) TheȱcentralȱprincipleȱofȱphysiologyȱisA) nutrition.B) reflexes.C) homeostasis.D) stimulation.E) temperatureȱregulation.Answer: CDiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ2ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱConceptsPageȱ8FundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ8eȱ(Martini)41) AnȱexampleȱofȱaȱreceptorȱinȱaȱnegativeȱfeedbackȱloopȱcontrollingȱbodyȱtemperatureȱwouldȱbeA) temperatureȱsensorsȱonȱtheȱskinȱthatȱdetectȱaȱstimulus.B) sweatȱglandsȱthatȱincreaseȱsecretion.C) regulatoryȱcentersȱthatȱsendȱcommandsȱtoȱanȱeffector.D) effectorsȱthatȱcauseȱbloodȱvesselsȱtoȱdilate.E) sweatȱglandsȱthatȱactȱlikeȱeffectors.Answer: ADiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ2ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱConcepts42) TheȱintegratingȱcenterȱforȱtheȱnegativeȱfeedbackȱloopȱthatȱregulatesȱbodyȱtemperatureȱisȱtheA) hypothalamus.B) skin.C) temperatureȱsensor.D) positiveȱfeedbackȱcenter.E) thermostat.Answer: ADiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms43) Aȱcellȱorȱorganȱthatȱrespondsȱtoȱcommandsȱofȱtheȱcontrolȱcenterȱinȱnegativeȱfeedbackȱisȱtermedȱa(n)A) receptor.B) thermoregulator.C) hypothalamus.D) effector.E) stimulus.Answer: DDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms44) Thisȱtypeȱofȱfeedbackȱexaggeratesȱtheȱeffectsȱofȱvariationsȱfromȱnormal.A) negativeB) positiveC) neutralD) depressingE) allȱofȱtheȱaboveAnswer: BDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms45) Organȱphysiologyȱisȱtoȱ________ȱasȱgrossȱanatomyȱisȱtoȱ________.A) cellȱphysiology;ȱmicroscopicȱanatomyB) macroscopicȱanatomy;ȱunbalanceC) equilibrium;ȱmacroscopicȱanatomyD)balance;ȱequilibriumE) imbalance;ȱmicroscopicȱanatomyAnswer: ADiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ2ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱConceptsPageȱ9FundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ8eȱ(Martini)46) TheȱquadrantsȱofȱtheȱabdominopelvicȱregionȱincludeȱallȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱexceptA) rightȱupperȱquadrantȱ(RUQ).B) rightȱlowerȱquadrantȱ(RLQ).C) leftȱupperȱquadrantȱ(LUQ).D) leftȱlowerȱquadrantȱ(LLQ).E) pelvicȱquadrant.Answer: EDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms47) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱnotȱconsideredȱanȱabdominopelvicȱregion?A) rightȱhypochondriacB) rightȱinguinalȱregionC) leftȱlumbarD) leftȱhypochondriacE) upperAnswer: EDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms48) Identifyȱaȱstructureȱlocatedȱwithinȱtheȱmediastinum.A) pericardialȱsacB) smallȱintestineC) lungD) spleenE) stomachAnswer: ADiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ2ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱConcepts49) Aȱpersonȱisȱlyingȱonȱtheȱbedȱgazingȱatȱtheȱceiling.ȱSheȱisȱinȱtheȱ________ȱposition.A) proneB) supineC) anatomicalD) dorsalE) caudalAnswer: BDiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ2ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱConcepts50) TheȱrightȱpleuralȱcavityȱcontainsȱtheA) heart.B) trachea.C) leftȱlung.D) rightȱlung.E)bothȱlungs.Answer: DDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTermsPageȱ10FundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ8eȱ(Martini)51) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱorgansȱisȱnotȱcontainedȱwithinȱtheȱabdominalȱcavity?A) stomachB) smallȱintestineC) ovaryD) spleenE) pancreasAnswer: CDiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms52) VisceralȱpericardiumȱisȱlocatedA) onȱtheȱheartȱitself.B) liningȱtheȱpleuralȱcavity.C) liningȱtheȱpericardialȱcavity.D) onȱtheȱlungȱitself.E) liningȱtheȱperitonealȱcavity.Answer: ADiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ2ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱConcepts53) TheȱmediastinumA) containsȱtheȱpleuralȱcavities.B) separatesȱtheȱpleuralȱcavities.C) containsȱtheȱpericardialȱcavity.D)bothȱAȱandȱCE)bothȱBȱandȱCAnswer: EDiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms54) ________ȱisȱconsideredȱtheȱoldestȱmedicalȱscience.A) AnatomyB) BiologyC) PhysiologyD) CytologyE) EmbryologyAnswer: ADiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms55) Identifyȱtheȱcorrectlyȱspelledȱtermȱdescribingȱtheȱorganȱthatȱseparatesȱtheȱventralȱbodyȱcavityȱintoȱsuperiorȱandinferiorȱcavities.A) mediastinumB) mediastienumC) diaphragmD) diafragmE) diaphramAnswer: CDiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ2ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱConceptsPageȱ11FundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ8eȱ(Martini)56) TermsȱofȱanatomicalȱdirectionȱareȱusedȱtoȱdescribeA) oneȱbodyȱpartȱinȱrelationȱtoȱanother.B) surgicalȱprocedures.C) aȱsupineȱposition.D) theȱnervousȱsystem.E) livingȱmatter.Answer: ADiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ2ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱConcepts57) TheȱtwoȱmajorȱdivisionsȱofȱtheȱventralȱbodyȱcavityȱareȱtheA) pelvicȱandȱthoracic.B) cranialȱandȱsacral.C) lateralȱandȱmedial.D) thoracicȱandȱabdominopelvic.E) dorsalȱandȱventral.Answer: DDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms58) Theȱurinaryȱbladderȱisȱfoundȱinȱtheȱ________ȱquadrantȱandȱtheȱ________ȱquadrant.A) rightȱupper;ȱrightȱlowerB) leftȱupper;ȱleftȱlowerC) rightȱupper;ȱrightȱlowerD) leftȱupper;ȱrightȱupperE) rightȱlower;ȱleftȱlowerAnswer: EDiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms59) Theȱliverȱisȱprimarilyȱlocatedȱinȱtheȱ________ȱquadrant.A) rightȱupperB) leftȱupperC) rightȱlowerD) leftȱlowerE) hepaticAnswer: ADiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms60) Whileȱstandingȱerect,ȱtheȱdirectionȱofȱcaudalȱisA) upward.B) downward.C) laterally.D) medially.E) noneȱofȱthese.Answer: BDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ2ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱConceptsPageȱ12FundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ8eȱ(Martini)61) Whileȱstandingȱinȱtheȱanatomicalȱposition,A) frontȱrefersȱtoȱanterior.B) frontȱrefersȱtoȱventral.C)backȱrefersȱtoȱposterior.D)backȱrefersȱtoȱdorsal.E) allȱofȱtheȱaboveAnswer: EDiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ2ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱConcepts62) Aȱchemicalȱimbalanceȱinȱtheȱbloodȱcanȱcauseȱtheȱheartȱtoȱstopȱpumpingȱblood,ȱwhichȱinȱturnȱwillȱcauseȱothertissuesȱandȱorgansȱtoȱceaseȱfunctioning.ȱThisȱobservationȱsupportsȱtheȱviewȱthatA) allȱorganismsȱareȱcomposedȱofȱcells.B) allȱlevelsȱofȱorganizationȱwithinȱanȱorganismȱareȱinterdependent.C) chemicalȱmoleculesȱmakeȱupȱcells.D)bloodȱhasȱmagicalȱproperties.E) congenitalȱdefectsȱcanȱbeȱlife-threatening.Answer: BDiff:ȱ3Skill: Levelȱ2ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱConceptsShortȱAnswerȱQuestions1) Theȱbranchȱofȱbiologicalȱscienceȱthatȱstudiesȱtheȱexternalȱandȱinternalȱstructureȱofȱtheȱbodyȱandȱtheȱphysicalrelationshipȱamongȱbodyȱpartsȱisȱcalledȱ________.Answer: anatomyDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms2) Theȱbranchȱofȱbiologicalȱscienceȱthatȱdealsȱwithȱtheȱstudyȱofȱhowȱlivingȱorganismsȱperformȱtheirȱvitalȱfunctionsisȱcalledȱ________.Answer: physiologyDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms3) Theȱtendencyȱforȱphysiologicalȱsystemsȱtoȱstabilizeȱinternalȱconditionsȱisȱcalledȱ________.Answer: homeostasisDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms4) Homeostaticȱregulationȱusuallyȱinvolvesȱa(n)ȱ________ȱthatȱdetectsȱaȱparticularȱstimulus,ȱandȱa(n)ȱ________thatȱrespondsȱtoȱtheȱstimulusȱbyȱcommunicatingȱwithȱa(n)ȱ________ȱwhoseȱactivityȱhasȱanȱeffectȱonȱtheȱsamestimulus.Answer: receptor;ȱintegratingȱcenter;ȱeffectorDiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ2ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱConcepts5) ________ȱregulationȱoccursȱwhenȱtheȱactivitiesȱofȱorgansȱareȱregulatedȱlocally.Answer: IntrinsicDiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ2ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱConceptsPageȱ13FundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ8eȱ(Martini)6) ________ȱregulationȱresultsȱfromȱtheȱactivitiesȱofȱtheȱnervousȱorȱendocrineȱsystem.Answer: ExtrinsicDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms7) Anatomyȱusesȱaȱspecialȱlanguage,ȱcalledȱ________,ȱthatȱinvolvesȱtheȱuseȱofȱwordȱroots,ȱprefixes,ȱsuffixes,ȱandcombiningȱformsȱtoȱconstructȱtermsȱrelatedȱtoȱtheȱbodyȱinȱhealthȱandȱdisease.Answer: medicalȱterminologyDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms8) Whenȱhomeostaticȱmechanismsȱfail,ȱanȱindividualȱwillȱexperienceȱtheȱsymptomsȱofȱ________.Answer: diseaseDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms9) Aȱpersonȱlyingȱfaceȱdownȱisȱinȱtheȱ________ȱposition.Answer: proneDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms10) Theȱ________ȱservesȱasȱaȱworldwideȱofficialȱstandardȱofȱanatomicalȱvocabulary.Answer:TerminologiaȱAnatomicaDiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms11) Aȱcutȱparallelȱtoȱtheȱmidsagittalȱplaneȱwouldȱproduceȱa(n)ȱ________ȱsection.Answer: parasagittalDiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms12) ________ȱstudiesȱtheȱchangesȱinȱformȱthatȱoccurȱbetweenȱconceptionȱandȱphysicalȱmaturity.Answer: DevelopmentalȱanatomyDiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms13) Theȱcommonȱtermȱforȱtheȱbuccalȱregionȱisȱtheȱ________.Answer: cheekDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms14) Theȱcommonȱtermȱforȱtheȱcarpalȱregionȱisȱtheȱ________.Answer: wristDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms15) Theȱcommonȱnameȱforȱtheȱpollexȱisȱtheȱ________.Answer: thumbDiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTermsPageȱ14FundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ8eȱ(Martini)16) Theȱcommonȱnameȱforȱtheȱpatellaȱisȱtheȱ________.Answer: kneecapDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTermsEssayȱQuestions1) Nameȱtheȱorgansȱfoundȱinȱtheȱthoracicȱcavity.Answer: lungs,ȱheart,ȱtrachea,ȱesophagus,ȱthymus,ȱmajorȱbloodȱvesselsȱconnectedȱtoȱtheȱheartDiff:ȱ2Skill: Levelȱ1ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱFactsȱandȱTerms2) Nameȱtheȱtwoȱupperȱabdominalȱquadrantsȱandȱlistȱtheȱorgansȱthatȱlieȱinȱeach.Answer: rightȱupperȱquadrantȱ(RUQ):ȱrightȱlobeȱofȱliver,ȱgallbladder,ȱrightȱkidney,ȱportionsȱofȱstomach,ȱlargeȱandsmallȱintestines;ȱleftȱupperȱquadrantȱ(LUQ):ȱleftȱlobeȱofȱliver,ȱstomach,ȱpancreas,ȱleftȱkidney,ȱspleen,portionsȱofȱlargeȱintestineDiff:ȱ1Skill: Levelȱ2ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱConcepts3) Whatȱisȱhomeostaticȱregulation,ȱandȱwhatȱisȱitsȱphysiologicalȱimportance?Answer: Homeostaticȱregulationȱrefersȱtoȱadjustmentsȱinȱphysiologicalȱsystemsȱthatȱareȱresponsibleȱforȱthepreservationȱofȱaȱconstantȱinternalȱenvironment.ȱThisȱprovidesȱaȱfavorableȱenvironmentȱforȱtheȱbodyȇscells.Diff:ȱ3Skill: Levelȱ2ȱQuestions:ȱReviewingȱConcepts4) Duringȱexercise,ȱbloodȱflowȱtoȱskeletalȱmusclesȱincreases.ȱTheȱinitialȱresponseȱthatȱincreasesȱbloodȱflowȱisautomaticȱandȱindependentȱofȱtheȱnervousȱandȱendocrineȱsystems.ȱWhichȱtypeȱofȱhomeostaticȱregulationȱisthis?ȱWhy?Answer: Theȱinitialȱincreaseȱinȱbloodȱflowȱtoȱactiveȱmusclesȱisȱanȱexampleȱofȱautoregulation.ȱForȱexample,ȱwhenoxygenȱlevelsȱdeclineȱinȱaȱtissue,ȱtheȱcellsȱreleaseȱchemicalsȱthatȱdilateȱlocalȱbloodȱvessels.ȱThisȱdilationincreasesȱtheȱrateȱofȱbloodȱflowȱandȱprovidesȱmoreȱoxygenȱtoȱtheȱregionȱevenȱbeforeȱresponsesȱfromȱthenervousȱorȱendocrineȱsystemȱtakeȱplace.ȱAutoregulationȱdoesȱnotȱrequireȱtheȱnervousȱorȱendocrinesystem.Diff:ȱ3Skill: Levelȱ3ȱQuestions:ȱCriticalȱThinkingȱ&ȱClinicalȱApplications Pageȱ15FundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ8eȱ(Martini)