(Test Bank) Abnormal Psychology Interactive Edition

9781071807255, Ray, 3

Psychology

Test Bank

3rd Edition

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Test Bank for Abnormal Psychology Interactive Edition, The downloadable file consists of 519 pages, and the total size of the file is 3.2 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Ray

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Instructor Resource Ray, Abnormal Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2021 Chapter 1: An Overview of Psychopathology and Changing Conceptualizations of Mental Illness Test Bank Multiple Choice 1. The study of mental illness is called ______. a. pathophysiology b. psychopathology c. pathology d. physiology Ans: B Learning Objective: 1. 1: Describe the components and key considerations of psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Defining Psychopathology and Understanding Its Components Difficulty Level: Easy 2. Dr. Alfonso investigates the cause of psychological disorders. Dr. Alfonso's field of specialization is known as ______ psychology. a. abnormal b. developmental c. medical d. pathological Ans: B Learning Objective: 1. 1: Describe the components and key considerations of psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: Defining Psychopathology and Understanding Its Components Difficulty Level: Medium 3. Dr. Badeaux describes her specialization as abnormal psychology . Dr. Carruthers states that her field is psychopathology . Based on information provided in the text, it is MOST likely that Drs. Badeaux and Carruthers specialize in ______ field(s). a. different b. the same c. unrelated d. opposing Ans: B Learning Objective: 1. 1: Describe the components and key considerations of psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Application Instructor Resource Ray, Abnormal Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2021 Answer Location: Defining Psychopathology and Understanding Its Components Difficulty Level: Medium 4. During any given year, approxi mately ______ of the American population experiences a diagnosable mental illness. a. 6% b. 11% c. 18% d. 24% Ans: C Learning Objective: 1. 1: Describe the components and key considerations of psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location : Impact of Mental Disorders Difficulty Level: Easy 5. Which term is used to refer to the negative attitudes and beliefs that sometimes cause the general public to avoid those with mental illness? a. stigma b. charisma c. crenate d. achate Ans: A Learning Objective: 1. 1: Describe the components and key considerations of psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Stigma and Mental Disorders Difficulty Level: Easy 6. Compared to the loss of productivity and quality of life caused by such physical diseases as cancer, the loss of productivity and quality of life caused by mental illnesses such as major depression is ______. a. somewhat less b. about the same c. greater d. much greater Ans: C Learning Objective: 1. 1: Describe the components and key considerations of psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Stigma and Mental Disorders Difficulty Level: Difficult 7. According to the MacArthur Foundation, which phrase BEST describes the proportion of those ho spitalized with mental illness who go on to commit violence with a gun? a. very few (less than 10%) Instructor Resource Ray, Abnormal Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2021 b. some (10% to 20%) c. about half (around 50%) d. most (over 55%) Ans: A Learning Objective: 1. 1: Describe the components and key considerations of psychop athology. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Stigma and Mental Disorders Difficulty Level: Easy 8. George believes that people are generally caring and sympathetic toward people with mental illness. However, he also believes that people with depression should just be able to think positive and snap out of it. This is BEST seen as an example of the ______. a. focus of the biopsychosocial approach to psychopathology b. adaptive value of traits related to psychopathology c. relationship between culture and psychopathology d. tension in American attitudes toward mental illness Ans: D Learning Objective: 1.1 : Describe the components and key considerations of psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: Stigma and Mental Disorders Difficulty Level: Hard 9. Based on the textbook’s discussion, Americans’ attitudes toward those with mental illness are BEST described as ______. a. contradictory b. hostile c. indifferent d. sympathetic Ans: A Learning Objective: 1. 1: Describe the components and key considerations of psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Stigma and Mental Disorders Difficulty Level: Hard 10. Stigma can be manifested through all of the following EXCEPT this: a. no longer treating an individual as a person but only as part of a group that is different b. believing that as a general rule, most individuals with mental illness show more violence than tha t seen in the general population c. understanding that a behavior that might be acceptable in one culture could be seen as “crazy” in another d. believing that a person can recover from a mental illness by willpower and spending less money setting up clini cs and training professionals Instructor Resource Ray, Abnormal Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2021 Ans: C Learning Objective: 1. 1: Describe the components and key considerations of psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Analysis Answer Location: Stigma and Mental Disorders Difficulty Level: Difficult 11. People suffering from mental illness often report such symptoms as feeling sad or anxious. Because everyone has a different baseline for feelings, these symptoms are BEST described as ______. a. subjective b. invective c. objective d. inferred Ans: A Learning Obj ective: 1.2 : Discuss the major themes of this book. Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: The Three Major Themes of This Book Difficulty Level: Medium 12. If they can be measured, the signs of mental illness are BEST described as ______. a. dicho tomous b. subjective c. concrete d. objective Ans: D Learning Objective: 1. 2: Discuss the major themes of this book. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: The Three Major Themes of This Book Difficulty Level: Easy 13. The ______ perspective examines psychopathological experience from the standpoint of the structure and function of the brain. a. behavioral and experiential b. neuroscience c. evolutionary d. psychodynamic Ans: B Learning Objective: 1.2 : Discuss the major themes of this book. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: The Three Major Themes of This Book Difficulty Level: Easy 14. The ______ perspective examines psychological disorders with respect the adaptive value of particular traits or characteristic s. a. behavioral and experiential Instructor Resource Ray, Abnormal Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2021 b. neuroscience c. evolutionary d. psychodynamic Ans: C Learning Objective: 1.2 : Discuss the major themes of this book. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: The Three Major Themes of This Book Difficulty Level: Easy 15. Abnormal psychology can be investigated from several levels of analysis. The text mentions all of the following levels of analysis EXCEPT the ______ level. a. cultural b. philosophical c. neurological d. physiological Ans: B Learning Objective: 1.2: Discuss the major themes of this book. Cognitive Domain: Analysis Answer Location: Levels of Analysis Difficulty Level: Difficult 16. Which term identifies the broadest approach to understanding mental illness? a. biopsychosocial approach b. behavioral and experiential perspective c. neuroscience perspective d. evolutionary perspective Ans: A Learning Objective: 1.2 : Discuss the major themes of this book. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Biopsychosocial Approach Difficulty Leve l: Medium 17. The ______ perspective focuses on information that people acquire from others through teaching, imitation, and other forms of social transmission. a. neuroscience b. behavioral c. cultural d. evolutionary Ans: C Learning Objective: 1.3 : Explain how evolution and culture are relevant to psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: The Relation of Evolution and Culture to Psychopathology Difficulty Level: Medium 18. Which catchphrase BEST captures psychopathologists’ current u nderstanding of the Instructor Resource Ray, Abnormal Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2021 origins of mental illness? a. nature, not nurture b. nurture, not nature c. nature or nurture d. nature and nurture Ans: D Learning Objective: 1.3 : Explain how evolution and culture are relevant to psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: The Relation of Evolution and Culture to Psychopathology Difficulty Level: Difficult 19. In round figures, approximately ______ of white Americans are lactose intolerant, meaning they cannot digest milk products. a. 5% b. 10% c. 20% d. 25% Ans: B Learning Objective: 1.3 : Explain how evolution and culture are relevant to psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: The Relation of Evolution and Culture to Psychopathology Difficulty Level: Medium 20. The fact that foods with milk are found in European diets and not Asian diets might suggest that ______. a. culture and evolution are closely linked, as more Europeans are lactose tolerant b. culture is socially driven, as there are no biologic al explanations for this behavior c. culture and environment are linked, as more milk products were available in Europe d. culture and family are closely linked, as the diets are often transgenerational Ans: A Learning Objective: 1.3 : Explain how evolution and culture are relevant to psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: The Relation of Evolution and Culture to Psychopathology Difficulty Level: Difficult 21. Keiko is Japanese and lives in Kyoto. Kristin is Danish and lives in Co penhagen. Which statement is MOST accurate with respect to whether these women carry the serotonin -related gene 5 -HTT, which makes people more prone to depression? a. Keiko is more likely to carry the gene. b. Kristin probably carries the gene. c. Kristin is more likely to carry the gene. d. Keiko does not carry the gene. Ans: A Instructor Resource Ray, Abnormal Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2021 Learning Objective: 1.3 : Explain how evolution and culture are relevant to psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: The Relation of Evolution and Cult ure to Psychopathology Difficulty Level: Difficult 22. Many studies have demonstrated that many forms of mental illness, such as schizophrenia, might be more related to nature than nurture because they are found ______. a. mostly in Western cultures b. at an ever increasing rate around the world c. at similar rates around the world d. mostly in industrialized countries Ans: C Learning Objective: 1.3 : Explain how evolution and culture are relevant to psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: The Relation of Evolution and Culture to Psychopathology Difficulty Level: Medium 23. Genetic studies have shown that a higher percentage of Japanese people have a gene related to serotonin that results I higher levels of anxiety and depr ession. Approximately how much more likely it is for Japanese people to have this gene than Europeans? a. 80% b. 10% c. 5% d. 30% Ans: D Learning Objective: 1.3 : Explain how evolution and culture are relevant to psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Comprehen sion Answer Location: The Relation of Evolution and Culture to Psychopathology Difficulty Level: Medium 24. In the 1970s, psychopathology was seen as a myth created by Western societies. How did Jane Murphy disprove this idea? a. Her research showed that all people have the same idea of what is normal. b. She studied Inuit and Nigerian people and found they define abnormal in similar terms. c. Murphy was the first to study psychopathology in non -white populations. d. She proved that culture has no inf luence on what people see as normal behavior. Ans: B Learning Objective: 1.3 : Explain how evolution and culture are relevant to psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Instructor Resource Ray, Abnormal Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2021 Answer Location: Is Psychopathology Universal? Difficulty Level: Medium 25. Th e notion that psychopathology is socially constructed is consistent with each of the following statements EXCEPT this one: a. A number of languages lack words for anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia. b. Anxiety disorders and major depression are the mos t common mental disorders in every nation for which data exist. c. Mental illness is expressed in very different ways in different parts of the world. d. The types of mental illnesses seen and their rates of occurrence vary greatly from one historical peri od to another. Ans: B Learning Objective: 1.3 : Explain how evolution and culture are relevant to psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Is Psychopathology Universal? Difficulty Level: Difficult 26. A medical anthropologist is examining the words used to describe mental illness in a variety of cultures, including an array of traditional, non -Western societies. The anthropologist is MOST likely to find ______. a. words for anxiety and depression in most cultures b. few, if any, words for disorders in some cultures c. a word for schizophrenia only in Western cultures d. that t here is no consistency of disorders found across cultures Ans: A Learning Objective: 1.3 : Explain how evolution and culture are relevant to psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: Is Psychopathology Universal? Difficulty Level: Medium 27. Traditionally, psychologists have used the term neurosis to refer to ______. a. schizophrenia b. anxiety c. bipolar diso rder d. antisocial personality disorder Ans: B Learning Objective: 1.3 : Explain how evolution and culture are relevant to psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Is Psychopathology Universal? Difficulty Level: Medium 28. A schola r is writing a book titled The History of Psychopathology . Which of the following potential subtitles is NOT appropriate in light of the textbook’s discussion of Instructor Resource Ray, Abnormal Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2021 changing views of mental illness? a. From Dopamine to Demons b. From Exorcism to R x c. From Magic to Molecules d. From Simple to Complex Ans: A Learning Objective: 1.4 : Summarize the historical influences on modern conceptions of mental disorders. Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: Historical Considerations in Understanding Psych opathology Difficulty Level: Medium 29. Writers now routinely use people -first language when describing people with mental illnesses. For example, schizophrenics are now described as people with schizophrenia , and drug addicts are described as people living with drug addiction . The use of pe ople- first language MOST directly reflects the contemporary understanding that ______. a. mental illness is complex and may be described on many levels b. people with mental illness are whole people, with both abilities and disabilities c. mental illness i s best understood using the scientific method d. the brain is the structure most involved in mental illness Ans: B Learning Objective: 1.4 : Summarize the historical influences on modern conceptions of mental disorders. Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: Historical Considerations in Understanding Psychopathology Difficulty Level: Medium 30. In the sixth century BCE, the philosopher ______ set the stage for understanding human behavior and experience as related to internal processes and natural c auses. He is also known for his theorem regarding the sides of a right triangle. a. Hippocrates b. Plato c. Aristotle d. Pythagoras Ans: D Learning Objective: 1.4 : Summarize the historical influences on modern conceptions of mental disorders. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Ancient Greek and Roman Influences —Mental Illness Involves the Brain Difficulty Level: Easy 31. With respect to psychopathology, Pythagoras’s two MOST important contributions were ______. a. his theorem regardi ng the sides of a right triangle and the invention of the word philosophy Instructor Resource Ray, Abnormal Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2021 b. the belief that behavior reflects natural and internal causes and the invention of the word philosophy c. his theorem regarding the sides of a right triangle and the idea that the brain is the seat of intellect and mental illness d. the belief that behavior reflects natural and internal causes and the idea that the brain is the seat of intellect and mental illness Ans: D Learning Objective: 1.4 : Summarize the historical influences on modern conceptions of mental disorders. Cognitive Domain: Analysis Answer Location: Ancient Greek and Roman Influences —Mental Illness Involves the Brain Difficulty Level: Medium 32. Often considered to be the father of modern medicine, the p hilosopher ______ emphasized careful observation and the idea that the causes of all disorders, both mental and physical, should be sought within the patient. a. Hippocrates b. Galen c. Aristotle d. Pythagoras Ans: A Learning Objective: 1.4 : Summarize the historical influences on modern conceptions of mental disorders. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Ancient Greek and Roman Influences —Mental Illness Involves the Brain Difficulty Level: Easy 33. In the Renaissance, a group of philosophers known as the British Empiricists argued that all knowledge comes from the senses. The British Empiricists’ ideas were foreshadowed by those of the Roman physician ______. a. Hippocrates b. Galen c. Galileo d. Pythagoras Ans: B Learning Objective: 1.4 : Summarize the historical influences on modern conceptions of mental disorders. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Ancient Greek and Roman Influences —Mental Illness Involves the Brain Difficulty Level: Easy 34. With respect to Galen’s notion of spirits, the brain is to ______ spirits as the ______ is to natural spirits. Instructor Resource Ray, Abnormal Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2021 a. vital; heart b. vital; liver c. animal; liver d. animal; heart Ans: C Learning Objective: 1.4 : Summarize the historical influences on modern conceptions of mental disorders. Cognitive Domain: Analysis Answer Location: Ancient Greek and Roman Influences —Mental Illness Involves the Brain Difficulty Level: Hard 35. What was one reason given in the text to explain why Western science and medicine remained fairly stagna nt during the Middle Ages? a. Very few people received a formal education. b. The was little or no communication between groups of peoples. c. Sickness and death were rampant. d. The church was able to determine the standard of truth. Ans: D Learning Objec tive: 1.4 : Summarize the historical influences on modern conceptions of mental disorders. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Psychopathology in the Middle Ages Difficulty Level: Easy 36. The French philosopher ______ argued that the reflexes and involuntary actions of organisms were based on mechanical principles similar to those in machines. a. Jean -Marc Ferry b. Antoine Arnauld c. Edmond Fleg d. René Descartes Ans: D Learning Objective: 1.4 : Summarize the historical influences on modern con ceptions of mental disorders. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: From the Renaissance to the 1700s —The Beginning of Modern Science Difficulty Level: Easy 37. In explaining why humans are not completely mechanical, Descartes has become associated with the ______ distinction. a. mind –body b. voluntary –involuntary c. heart –brain d. material –immaterial Ans: A Instructor Resource Ray, Abnormal Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2021 Learning Objective: 1.4 : Summarize the historical influences on modern conceptions of mental disorders. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: From the Renaissance to the 1700s —The Beginning of Modern Science Difficulty Level: Medium 38. Descartes suggested that the rational soul was able to control the mechanical body by having both functions come together in a st ructure of the brain called the ______. a. brain stem b. cerebellum c. pineal gland d. occipital lobe Ans: C Learning Objective: 1.4 : Summarize the historical influences on modern conceptions of mental disorders. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location : From the Renaissance to the 1700s —The Beginning of Modern Science Difficulty Level: Medium 39. In learning theory, classical conditioning applies to involuntary responses, whereas operant conditioning applies to voluntary actions. This distinction ultim ately reflects the intellectual legacy of ______. a. Galen b. Newton c. Galileo d. Descartes Ans: D Learning Objective: 1.4 : Summarize the historical influences on modern conceptions of mental disorders. Cognitive Domain: Application Answer Location: From the Renaissance to the 1700s —The Beginning of Modern Science Difficulty Level: Medium 40. This physicist, mathematician, engineer, astronomer, and philosopher who invented the telescope and led a movement that would eventually replace autho rity with experimentation is ______. a. Newton b. Galileo c. Descartes d. Galen Ans: B Learning Objective: 1.4 : Summarize the historical influences on modern conceptions of mental disorders. Instructor Resource Ray, Abnormal Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2021 Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: From the Renaissance to the 1700s —The Beginning of Modern Science Difficulty Level: Easy 41. Thomas Willis suggested that lower brain structures were responsible for ______, whereas structures located higher in the brain were involved in ______. a. basic functions of life; advanced processes b. advanced processes; fine motor movements c. fine motor movements; basic functions of life d. basic functions of life; fine motor movements Ans: A Learning Objective: 1.5 : Explain how discoveries about the brain contributed t o an understanding of psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Analysis Answer Location: Discovering the Function of the Brain in Behavior and Psychopathology Difficulty Level: Medium 42. The white matter of the brain is involved in ______. a. storing information b. transferring information c. basic functions of life d. advanced processes Ans: B Learning Objective: 1.5 : Explain how discoveries about the brain contributed to an understanding of psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Loca tion: Discovering the Function of the Brain in Behavior and Psychopathology Difficulty Level: Medium 43. Myelin is made up of fats and proteins and wraps around axons to ______. a. store information b. increase the speed of information transmission c. pro tect the nerve d. provide support and stability for the nerve Ans: B Learning Objective: 1.5 : Explain how discoveries about the brain contributed to an understanding of psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: Discovering the Funct ion of the Brain in Behavior and Psychopathology Difficulty Level: Easy 44. One contribution that helped scientists to understand how the nervous system Instructor Resource Ray, Abnormal Psychology, 3e SAGE Publishing, 2021 developed and worked was the realization that the body created and used ______. a. specific nerve cells called glial cells b. an intricate system of sensory nerve endings c. the primary motor cortex to control motor movement d. electrical activity in its basic processes Ans: D Learning Objective: 1.5 : Explain how discoveries about the brain contributed to an understanding of psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: The 1700s to the 1900s Difficulty Level: Medium 45. At the level of the spinal cord, sensory information is conveyed by the ______ root, whereas motor information is conveyed by the ______ root. a. lateral; dorsal b. ventral; lateral c. dorsal; lateral d. dorsal; ventral Ans: D Learning Objective: 1.5 : Explain how discoveries about the brain contributed to an understanding of psychopatholog y. Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Answer Location: The 1700s to the 1900s Difficulty Level: Medium 46. In the 1850s, Hermann von Helmholtz measured the speed of the nerve impulse at about ______ feet per second. a. 30 b. 60 c. 90 d. 120 Ans: C Learning O bjective: 1.5 : Explain how discoveries about the brain contributed to an understanding of psychopathology. Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: The 1700s to the 1900s Difficulty Level: Moderate 47. Although Joseph Gall’s ideas regarding phrenology were inaccurate, one important idea that he suggested was that ______. a. functions were localized in the brain b. the brain was capable of processing and integrating sensory information almost instantaneously c. the brain was divided into hemispheres that are distinct and connected through the corpus callosum d. the brain was malleable, and specific regions could be adapted to perform a variety of