(Test Bank) Pediatric Nursing Exam Prepation (Questions And Answers)

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PEDIATRI C NURSIN G EXAM PREPATION ( Questions and Answers) Question 3 See full question A 15-month -old child is being discharged after treatment for severe otitis media and bacterial meningitis. Which statement by the parents indicates effective discharge teaching? You Selected: • "We're just so glad this is all behind us." Correct response: • "We' ll go to the physician if our child pulls on the ears or won't lie down." Explanation: Remediation: Quest ion 1 See full question When performing a physical examination on a neonate, the nurse notes low -set ears. What action should the nurse perform next ? You Selected: • Assess the neonate to determine if other apparent abnormalities are present. Correct response: • Assess the neonate to determine if other apparent abnormalities are present. Explanation: Remediation: Question 2 See full question A nurse is teaching the mother of a 5 -month -old infant diagnosed with bronchiolitis. Which statement by the mother ind icates that teaching has been effective? You Selected: • "My baby has been sick. A machine will help him breathe." Correct response: • "I know that this disease is serious and can lead to asthma." Explanation: Remediation: Question 4 See full question A 2-year -old child is brought to the emergency department with suspected croup. Which assessment finding reflects increasing respiratory distress? You Selected: • Flushed skin Correct response: • Intercostal retractions Explanation: Remediation: Question 5 See full question A 3-year -old child with Down syndrome is admitted to the pediatric unit with asthma. The child doesn't enunciate words well and holds onto furniture when he walks. The nurse should ask the mother: You Selected: • if the child always droo ls. Correct response: • how the child's condition today differs from his normal condition. Explanation: Remediation: Question 6 See full question A registered nurse (RN) has been "care -paired" with a licensed practical nurse (LPN) during the evening sh ift. Whose care should the RN assign to the LPN? You Selected: • A 12 -month -old infant who has a white blood cell (WBC) count of 34/μl and a fever Correct response: • The 2 -year -old child who has started eating soft, solid foods following a tonsillectomy Explanation: Question 7 See full question Before performing an otoscopic examination on a child, where should the nurse palpate for tenderness? You Selected: • Tragus, cochlea, and lobule Correct response: • Tragus, mastoid process, and helix Explanation: Remediation: Question 8 See full question A child is diagnosed with Wilms' tumor. During assessment, the nurse expects to detect: You Selected: • dysuria. Correct response: • an abdominal mass. Explanation: Remediation: Question 9 See full question A preschooler has vomiting, diarrhea, and a potassium level of 3 mEq/L (3 mmol/L). The physician orders an I.V. infusion of 500 ml of dextrose 5% in water and half -normal saline solution with 20 mEq (20 mmol/L) of potassium chloride. The nurse knows that a child with vomiting and diarrhea needs fluids and potassium chloride to: You Selected: • avoid hyperglycemia. Correct response: • meet physiologic needs. Explanation: Remediation: Question 10 See full question When telling a 4 -year -old child about an upcoming procedure, the nurse's most important consideration is to: You Selected: • speak loudly and clearly. Correct response: • use simple terms. Explanation: Remediation: Question 11 See full question Encouragi ng fantasy play and participation by children in their own care is a useful developmental approach for which pediatric age -group? You Selected: • School age (5 to 10 years) Correct response: • Preschool age (3 to 5 years) Explanation: Remediation: Question 12 See full question The nurse is caring for a 3 -year -old client being treated for severe status asthmaticus. After comparing clinical manifestations with laboratory results (reported below), a nurse determines evidence that this client has progressed t o which condition? You Selected: • Respiratory acidosis Correct response: • Respiratory acidosis Explanation: Remediation: Question 13 See full question A 6-year -old child has tested positive for West Nile virus infection. The nurse suspects the child has the severe form of the disease when she recognizes which signs and symptoms? You Selected: • Fever, muscle weakness, and change in mental status Correct re sponse: • Fever, muscle weakness, and change in mental status Explanation: Remediation: Question 14 See full question A 15 -year -old girl visits the neighborhood clinic seeking information on "how to keep from getting pregnant." What should the nurse sa y in response to her request? You Selected: • "Can you tell me if you've told your parents you're having sex?" Correct response: • "Can you tell me about the precautions you're taking now?" Explanation: Question 15 See full question The parents of an adole scent girl have recently learned that their daughter has a terminal illness. At first, as they try to cope, they display avoidance behaviors. Then they demonstrate behaviors that indicate possible acceptance of the diagnosis. Which behavior indicates accep tance? You Selected: • Avoidance of staff, family members, or the girl herself Correct response: • Expression of feelings, such as sorrow and anger, about the girl's condition Explanation: Remediation: Question 16 See full question The nurse on the adolescent unit delegates a task to the nursing assistant. After delegating the task, the nurse should: You Selected: • document in the chart that the task has been completed. Correct response: • allow adequate time for the nursing assistant t o complete the task, then follow -up with her. Explanation: Question 17 See full question An adolescent presents to a community clinic for treatment of vulvar lesions associated with Type 2 herpes simplex. The nurse should: You Selected: • inform the adol escent that she can't guarantee her confidentiality. Correct response: • show the adolescent to a private examination room. Explanation: Remediation: Question 18 See full question A 3-year -old child with a history of being abused has blood drawn. The c hild lies very still and makes no sound during the procedure. Which comment by the nurse would be most appropriate? You Selected: • "That really did not hurt, did it?" Correct response: • "It is okay to cry when something hurts." Explanation: Question 19 See full question A 17 -year -old client who has been taking an antidepressant for 6 weeks has returned to the clinic for a medication check. When the nurse talks with the client and her parent, the mother reports that she has to remind the client to take he r antidepressant every day. The client says, “Yeah, I am pretty bad about remembering to take my meds, but I never miss a dose because Mom always bugs me about taking it.” Which response would be effective for the nurse to make to the client? You Selected: • "I am surprised your mother allows you to be so irresponsible." Correct response: • "It seems there are some difficulties with being responsible for your medications that we need to address". Explanation: Question 20 See full question Which child should the nurse identify as being most at risk for an episode of major depression? You Selected: • a 10 -year -old male who has never liked school and has few friends Correct response: • a 14 -year -old female who recently moved to a new school after her parents' divor ce Explanation: Remediation: Question 21 See full question The mother of a toddler asks the nurse what she should do with her toddler when he has a temper tantrum. Which suggestion would be most appropriate? You Selected: • Leave the toddler alone duri ng the tantrum as long as he is safe. Correct response: • Leave the toddler alone during the tantrum as long as he is safe. Explanation: Question 22 See full question A school -age child with cystic fibrosis asks the nurse what sports she can become involved in as she becomes older. Which activity would be appropriate for the nurse to suggest? You Selected: • baseball Correct response: • swimming Explanation: Remediation : Question 23 See full question After a plaster cast has been applied to the arm of a child with a fractured right humerus, the nurse completes discharge teaching. The nurse should evaluate the teaching as successful when the mother agrees to seek medica l advice if the child experiences which symptom? You Selected: • vomiting after the cast is applied Correct response: • inability to extend the fingers on the right hand Explanation: Remediation: Question 24 See full question A 3-year -old child is to receive 500 ml of dextrose 5% in normal saline (D 5NSS) solution over 8 hours. At what rate (in milliliters/hour) would the nurse set the infusion pump? Record your answer using one decimal place. Your Response: • 5 Correct response: • 62.5 Explanation: Question 25 See full question While examining a 12 -month -old child, the nurse notes that the child can stand independently but cannot walk without support. The nurse should: You Selected: • tell the mother that the child may have a developmental delay. Correct response: • do nothing because this is a normal finding in a child this age. Explanation: Question 26 See full question A young child with sickle cell anemia prefers a side -lying posi tion with the knees sharply flexed. The nurse should assess further for: You Selected: • nausea. Correct response: • abdominal pain. Explanation: Remediation: Question 27 See full question Which nursing action is most appropriate to include in the plan o f care for a dying child to meet the child's emotional needs during the last days of life? You Selected: • Answer the child's questions about illness and death honestly. Correct response: • Answer the child's questions about illness and death honestly. Expla nation: Question 28 See full question Which method should the nurse use to feed an infant after surgical repair of a cleft lip? You Selected: • IV fluids Correct response: • bottle with a cross -cut nipple Explanation: Remediation: Question 29 See full question The parent of a preschool -age child has been told the child has sleep terrors. Which statement should the nurse include when teaching the parents about sleep terrors? You Selected: • “Sleep terrors require psychological counseling.” Correct response: • “It is appropriate to intervene only if it is necessary to protect the child.” Explanation: Question 30 See full question Which topic would be most important to include when teaching the parents how to promote overall toddler development? You Selected: • Language is the most important achievement. Correct response: • Safety is a priority concern for this age -group. Explanation: Question 31 See full question After receiving a report, the nurse is making out assignments. Which client would be appropriate to assign to unlicensed assistive personnel? You Selected: • a 6-year -old with a femur fracture and a fever Correct response: • an 8 -month -old with pneumonia who will be discharged today Explanation: Question 32 See full question A 17 -year -old adolescent with a history of muscular dystrophy is admitted with aspiration pneumonia. The nurse asks the parents if the client has an advance directive. Which response by the parents leads the nurse to believe that the parents don't understa nd the severity of the client's medical condition? You Selected: • "He is only 17. He doesn't need an advance directive." Correct response: • "He is only 17. He doesn't need an advance directive." Explanation: Remediation: Question 33 See full question A 3-month -old infant just had a cleft lip and palate repair. To prevent trauma to the operative site, the nurse should: You Selected: • place the infant's arms in soft elbow restraints. Correct response: • place the infant's arms in soft elbow restraints. Explanation: Remediation: Question 34 See full question The nurse is caring for a 9 -month -old with Reye syndrome. Which nursing interventions should be included when assisting with the plan of care? You Selected: • Monitor the child’s intake and output Correct response: • Monitor the child’s intake and output Explanation: Remediation: Question 35 See full question A 6-month -old on the pediatric floor has a respiratory rate of 68, mild intercostal retractions, and an oxygen saturation of 89%. The infa nt has not been feeding well for the last 24 hours and is restless. Using the SBAR (Situation -Background -Assessment -Recommendation) technique for communication, the nurse calls the health care provider (HCP) with the recommendation for: You Selected: • presc ribing a chest CT scan. Correct response: • starting oxygen. Explanation: Remediation: Question 36 See full question A 4-year -old boy presents to the emergency department. His father tearfully reports that he was in the driveway and had his son on his shoulders when the child began to fall. The father grabbed him by the leg, swinging him toward the grass to avoid landing on the pavement. As the father swung his son, the child hit his head on the driveway and twisted his right leg. After a complete examination, it is determined that the child has a skull fracture and a spiral fracture of the femur. What action should the n urse take? You Selected: • Record the father's story in the medical record. Correct response: • Record the father's story in the medical record. Explanation: Remediation: Question 37 See full question The most reliable early indicator of infection in a client who is neutropenic is: You Selected: • fever. Correct response: • fever. Explanation: Remediation: Question 38 See full question When developing the plan of care for a 12 -year -old child who is to receive chemotherapy that is associated with nausea and vomiting, the nurse should plan to administer an antiemetic at which time? You Selected: • thirty minutes after the chemotherapy has started, then as needed Correct response: • thirty minutes before the chemother apy starts, then routinely Explanation: Remediation: Question 39 See full question The parents of a 2 -year -old bring their child to the emergency department because the child ingested approximately 15 acetaminophen tablets 30 minutes ago. Place the fo llowing nursing actions in the order the nurse should perform them, from most important to least important. You Selected: • Establish an airway. • Administer activated charcoal. • Administer N -acetylcysteine. • Assess vital signs. Correct response: • Establish an airway. • Assess vital signs. • Administer activated charcoal. • Administer N -acetylcysteine. Explanation: Remediation: Question 40 See full question When teaching the parents of an infant how to perform back slaps to dislodge a foreign body, what should the nurse tell the parents to use to deliver the blows? You Selected: • entire hand Correct response: • heel of the hand Explanation: Remediation: Question 41 See full question The school nurse is discussing healthy eating strategies with a group of 8 -year -old students. One student repeatedly makes comments of a sexual nature. The student seems to be preoccupied with sexual comments and is knowledgeable regarding a variety of sex ual activities. Which of the following is the most crucial intervention for the nurse to take to manage the student’s behavior? You Selected: • Investigate the possibility that the student may have been sexually abused. Correct response: • Investigate the poss ibility that the student may have been sexually abused. Explanation: Remediation: Question 42 See full question A nurse is providing health teaching focusing on urinary tract infections to a group of adolescent girls. One of the girls tells the nurse that she has heard of a condition called honeymoon cystitis and wants to know what it is. Which statement by the nurs e is the most appropriate response? You Selected: • “This is a fictitious condition used to prevent sexual experiences in young women.” Correct response: • “This condition results from irritation and inflammation from sexual activity.” Explanation: Remedia tion: Question 43 See full question A school nurse is called to assess a 12 -year -old child with type 1 diabetes mellitus who is experiencing lightheadedness, tachycardia, pallor, headache, and confusion during gym class. What is the priority action by th e nurse? You Selected: Provide a snack of hard candy or raisins. Correct response: