(Test Bank) Fundamentals of Physics Objective

Resnick,Walker,Christman,Brownstein,

Physics

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Test Bank for Fundamentals of Physics Objective, The downloadable file consists of 771 pages, and the total size of the file is 3.53 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Resnick, Walker, Christman, Brownstein

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Chapter 1: MEASUREMENT 1. The SI standard of time is based on: A. the daily rotation of the earth B. the frequency of light emitted by Kr86 C. the yearly revolution of the earth about the sun D. a precision pendulum clock E. none of these Ans: E 2. A nanosecond is: A. 109 s B. 10−9 s C. 10−10 s D. 10−10 s E. 10−12 Ans: B 3. The SI standard of length is based on: A. the distance from the north pole to the equator along a meridian passing through Paris B. wavelength of light emitted by Hg198 C. wavelength of light emitted by Kr86 D. a precision meter stick in Paris E. the speed of light Ans: E 4. In 1866, the U. S. Congress defined the U. S. yard as exactly 3600/3937 international meter. This was done primarily because: A. length can be measured more accurately in meters than in yards B. the meter is more stable than the yard C. this definition relates the common U. S. length units to a more widely used system D. there are more wavelengths in a yard than in a meter E. the members of this Congress were exceptionally intelligent Ans: C 5. Which of the following is closest to a yard in length? A. 0.01m B. 0.1m C. 1m D. 100m E. 1000m Ans: C Chapter 1: MEASUREMENT 6. There is no SI base unit for area because: A. an area has no thickness; hence no physical standard can be built B. we live in a three (not a two) dimensional world C. it is impossible to express square feet in terms of meters D. area can be expressed in terms of square meters E. area is not an important physical quantity Ans: D 7. The SI base unit for mass is: A. gram B. pound C. kilogram D. ounce E. kilopound Ans: C 8. A gram is: A. 10−6 kg B. 10−3 kg C. 1 kg D. 103 kg E. 106 kg Ans: B 9. Which of the following weighs about a pound? A. 0.05 kg B. 0.5 kg C. 5 kg D. 50 kg E. 500 kg Ans: D 10. (5.0 × 104) × (3.0 × 106) = D. 1.5 × 1012 Ans: C 11. (5.0 × 104) × (3.0 × 10−6) = A. 1.5 × 10−3 D. 1.5 × 103 Ans: B 2 Chapter 1: MEASUREMENT A. 1.5 × 109 B. 1.5 × 1010 C. 1.5 × 1011 E. 1.5 × 1013 B. 1.5 × 10−1 C. 1.5 × 101 E. 1.5 × 105 12. 5.0 × 105 + 3.0 × 106 = A. 8.0 × 105 D. 3.5 × 105 Ans: E 13. (7.0 × 106)/(2.0 × 10−6) = A. 3.5 × 10−12 C. 3.5 E. 3.5 × 1012 14. The number of significant figures in 0.00150 is: A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 E. 6 Ans: B 15. The number of significant figures in 15.0 is: A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5 Ans: C 16. 3.2 × 2.7 = B. 8 C. 8.6 D. 8.64 E. 8.640 Ans: C Chapter 1: MEASUREMENT 3 B. 8.0 × 106 C. 5.3 × 105 E. 3.5 × 106 B. 3.5 × 10−6 D. 3.5 × 106 Ans: E A. 9 17. 1.513 + 27.3 = A. 29 B. 28.8 C. 28.9 D. 28.81 E. 28.813 ( )Ans: B 18. 1 mi is equivalent to 1609 m so 55 mph is: A. 15 m/s B. 25 m/s C. 66 m/s D. 88 m/s E. 1500 m/s Ans: B 19. A sphere with a radius of 1.7 cm has a volume of: A. 2.1 × 10−5 m3 C. 3.6 × 10−3 m3 E. 21 m3 Ans: A 20. A sphere with a radius of 1.7 cm has a surface area of: A. 2.1 × 10−5 m2 C. 3.6 × 10−3 m2 E. 36 m2 Ans: C 21. A right circular cylinder with a radius of 2.3 cm and a height of 1.4 m has a volume of: A. 0.20 m3 B. 0.14 m3 D. 2.3 × 10−3 m3 Ans: D 22. A right circular cylinder with a radius of 2.3 cm and a height of 1.4 cm has a total surface area of: A. 1.7 × 10−3 m2 D. 5.3 × 10−3 m2 Ans: D 4 Chapter 1: MEASUREMENT B. 9.1 × 10−4 m3 D. 0.11 m3 B. 9.1 × 10−4 m2 D. 0.11 m2 C. 9.3 × 10−3 m3 E. 7.4 × 10−4 m3 B. 3.2 × 10−3 m2 C. 2.0 × 10−3 m3 E. 7.4 × 10−3 m2 23. A cubic box with an edge of exactly 1 cm has a volume of: A. 10−9 m3 B. 10−6 m3 C. 10−3 m3 D. 103 m3 E. 106 m3 Ans: B 24. A square with an edge of exactly 1 cm has an area of: A. 10−6 m2 B. 10−4 m2 C. 102 m2 D. 104 m2 E. 106 m2 Ans: B 25. 1 m is equivalent to 3.281 ft. A cube with an edge of 1.5 ft has a volume of: B. 9.6 × 10−2 m3 D. 9.5 × 10−2 m3 Ans: B 26. During a short interval of time the speed v in m/s of an automobile is given by v = at2 + bt3, where the time t is in seconds. The units of a and b are respectively: A. m · s2; m · s4 C. m/s 2; m/s 3 D. m/s 3; m/s 4 E. m/s 4; m/s 5 Ans: D 27. Suppose A = BC, where A has the dimension L/M and C has the dimension L/T. Then B has the dimension: A. T/M B. L2/TM C. TM/L 2 D. L2T/M E. M/L 2T Ans: A Chapter 1: MEASUREMENT 5 A. 1.2 × 102 m3 C. 10.5 m3 E. 0.21 m3 B. s3/m; s4/m 28. Suppose A = BnCm, where A has dimensions LT, B has dimensions L2T−1, and C has dimensions LT2. Then the exponents n and m have the values: A. 2/3; 1/3 B. 2; 3 C. 4/5; −1/5 E. 1/2; 1/2 Ans: D 6 Chapter 1: MEASUREMENT D. 1/5; 3/5 Chapter 2: MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE 1. A particle moves along the x axis from xi to xf . Of the following values of the initial and final coordinates, which results in the displacement with the largest magnitude? A. xi = 4m, xf = 6m B. xi = −4m, xf = −8m D. xi = 4m, xf = −2m ans: E 2. A particle moves along the x axis from xi to xf . Of the following values of the initial and final coordinates, which results in a negative displacement? A. xi = 4m, xf = 6m B. xi = −4m, xf = −8m D. xi = −4m, xf = −2m ans: B 3. The average speed of a moving object during a given interval of time is always: A. the magnitude of its average velocity over the interval B. the distance covered during the time interval divided by the time interval C. one-half its speed at the end of the interval D. its acceleration multiplied by the time interval E. one-half its acceleration multiplied by the time interval. ans: B 4. Two automobiles are 150 kilometers apart and traveling toward each other. One automobile is moving at 60km/h and the other is moving at 40km/h mph. In how many hours will they meet? A. 2.5 B. 2.0 C. 1.75 D. 1.5 E. 1.25 ans: D 5. A car travels 40 kilometers at an average speed of 80km/h and then travels 40 kilometers at an average speed of 40km/h. The average speed of the car for this 80-km trip is: A. 40km/h B. 45km/h C. 48km/h D. 53km/h E. 80km/h ans: D Chapter 2: MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE 7 C. xi = −4m, xf = 2m E. xi = −4m, xf = 4m C. xi = −4m, xf = 2m E. xi = −4m, xf = 4m 6. A car starts from Hither, goes 50 km in a straight line to Yon, immediately turns around, and returns to Hither. The time for this round trip is 2 hours. The magnitude of the average velocity of the car for this round trip is: A. 0 B. 50 km/hr C. 100 km/hr D. 200 km/hr E. cannot be calculated without knowing the acceleration ans: A 7. A car starts from Hither, goes 50 km in a straight line to Yon, immediately turns around, and returns to Hither. The time for this round trip is 2 hours. The average speed of the car for this round trip is: A. 0 B. 50 km/h C. 100 km/h D. 200 km/h E. cannot be calculated without knowing the acceleration ans: B 8. The coordinate of a particle in meters is given by x(t) = 16t − 3.0t 3, where the time t is in A. 0.75s B. 1.3s C. 5.3s D. 7.3s E. 9.3s ans: B 9. A drag racing car starts from rest at t = 0 and moves along a straight line with velocity given by v = bt2, where b is a constant. The expression for the distance traveled by this car from its position at t = 0 is: A. bt3 B. bt3/3 C. 4bt2 D. 3bt2 E. bt3/2 ans: B 10. A ball rolls up a slope. At the end of three seconds its velocity is 20 cm/s; at the end of eight seconds its velocity is 0. What is the average acceleration from the third to the eighth second? A. 2.5cm/s 2 B. 4.0cm/s 2 C. 5.0cm/s 2 D. 6.0cm/s 2 E. 6.67cm/s 2 ans: B 8 Chapter 2: MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE seconds. The particle is momentarily at rest at t = 11. The coordinate of an object is given as a function of time by x = 7t − 3t2, where x is in meters A. 5m/s B. −5m/s E. −14.5m/s 12. The velocity of an object is given as a function of time by v = 4t − 3t2, where v is in m/s and A. is 0 B. is −2m/s E. cannot be calculated unless the initial position is given ans: A 13. The coordinate of an object is given as a function of time by x = 4t2 − 3t3, where x is in meters A. −4m/s 2 C. −10m/s 2 E. −13m/s 2 14. Each of four particles move along an x axis. Their coordinates (in meters) as functions of time (in seconds) are given by particle 1: x(t) = 3.5 − 2.7t 3 particle 3: x(t) = 3.5 + 2.7t 2 Which of these particles have constant acceleration? A. All four B. Only 1 and 2 C. Only 2 and 3 D. Only 3 and 4 E. None of them ans: D Chapter 2: MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE 9 and t is in seconds. Its average velocity over the interval from t = 0 to t = 4s is: C. 11m/s D. −11m/s ans: B t is in seconds. Its average velocity over the interval from t = 0 to t = 2s: C. is 2m/s D. is −4m/s and t is in seconds. Its average acceleration over the interval from t = 0 to t = 2s is: B. 4m/s 2 D. 10m/s 2 ans: C particle 2: x(t) = 3.5 + 2.7t 3 particle 4: x(t) = 3.5 − 3.4t − 2.7t 2 15. Each of four particles move along an x axis. Their coordinates (in meters) as functions of time (in seconds) are given by particle 2: x(t) = 3.5 + 2.7t 3 particle 3: x(t) = 3.5 + 2.7t 2 Which of these particles is speeding up for t > 0? A. All four B. Only 1 C. Only 2 and 3 D. Only 2, 3, and 4 E. None of them ans: A 16. An object starts from rest at the origin and moves along the x axis with a constant acceleration of 4m/s 2. Its average velocity as it goes from x = 2m to x = 8m is: A. 1m/s B. 2m/s C. 3m/s D. 5m/s E. 6m/s ans: E 17. Of the following situations, which one is impossible? A. A body having velocity east and acceleration east B. A body having velocity east and acceleration west C. A body having zero velocity and non-zero acceleration D. A body having constant acceleration and variable velocity E. A body having constant velocity and variable acceleration ans: E 18. Throughout a time interval, while the speed of a particle increases as it moves along the x axis, its velocity and acceleration might be: A. positive and negative, respectively B. negative and positive, respectively C. negative and negative, respectively D. negative and zero, respectively E. positive and zero, respectively ans: C 19. A particle moves on the x axis. When its acceleration is positive and increasing: A. its velocity must be positive B. its velocity must be negative C. it must be slowing down D. it must be speeding up E. none of the above must be true ans: E 10 Chapter 2: MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE particle 1: x(t) = 3.5 − 2.7t 3 particle 4: x(t) = 3.5 − 3.4t − 2.7t 2 20. The position y of a particle moving along the y axis depends on the time t according to the equation y = at − bt2. The dimensions of the quantities a and b are respectively: B. L/T 2, L2/T C. L/T, L/T 2 D. L3/T, T2/L E. none of these ans: C 21. A particle moves along the x axis according to the equation x = 6t2, where x is in meters and t is in seconds. Therefore: A. the acceleration of the particle is 6 m/s 2 B. t cannot be negative C. the particle follows a parabolic path D. each second the velocity of the particle changes by 9.8 m/s E. none of the above ans: E 22. Over a short interval near time t = 0 the coordinate of an automobile in meters is given by x(t) = 27t − 4.0t 3, where t is in seconds. At the end of 1.0 s the acceleration of the auto is: B. 4.0 m/s 2 C. −4.0 m/s 2 E. −24 m/s 2 23. Over a short interval, starting at time t = 0, the coordinate of an automobile in meters is given by x(t) = 27t − 4.0t 3, where t is in seconds. The magnitudes of the initial (at t = 0) velocity A. 0; 12 m/s 2 B. 0; 24 m/s 2 C. 27 m/s; 0 D. 27 m/s; 12 m/s 2 E. 27 m/s; 24 m/s 2 ans: C 24. At time t = 0 a car has a velocity of 16 m/s. It slows down with an acceleration given by −0.50t, in m/s 2 for t in seconds. It stops at t = B. 32 s C. 16 s D. 8.0 s E. 4.0 s ans: D Chapter 2: MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE 11 A. L2/T, L3/T2 A. 27 m/s 2 D. −12 m/s 2 ans: E and acceleration of the auto respectively are: A. 64 s 25. At time t = 0 a car has a velocity of 16 m/s. It slows down with an acceleration given by −0.50t, in m/s 2 for t in seconds. At the end of 4.0 s it has traveled: B. 12 m C. 14 m D. 25 m E. 59 m ans: E 26. At time t = 0 a car has a velocity of 16 m/s. It slows down with an acceleration given by −0.50t, in m/s 2 for t in seconds. By the time it stops it has traveled: B. 31 m C. 62 m D. 85 m E. 100 m ans: D 27. Starting at time t = 0, an object moves along a straight line with velocity in m/s given by v(t) = 98 − 2t2, where t is in seconds. When it momentarily stops its acceleration is: C. −9.8 m/s 2 E. 49 m/s 2 ans: D 28. Starting at time t = 0, an object moves along a straight line. Its coordinate in meters is given by x(t) = 75t − 1.0t 3, where t is in seconds. When it momentarily stops its acceleration is: E. 9.2 × 103 m/s 2 29. A car, initially at rest, travels 20 m in 4 s along a straight line with constant acceleration. The acceleration of the car is: A. 0.4m/s 2 B. 1.3m/s 2 C. 2.5m/s 2 D. 4.9m/s 2 E. 9.8m/s 2 ans: C 12 Chapter 2: MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE A. 0 A. 15 m A. 0 B. −4.0 m/s 2 D. −28 m/s 2 A. 0 B. −73 m/s 2 C. −30 m/s 2 D. −9.8 m/s 2 ans: C 30. A racing car traveling with constant acceleration increases its speed from 10m/s to 50m/s over a distance of 60m. How long does this take? A. 2.0s B. 4.0s C. 5.0s D. 8.0s E. The time cannot be calculated since the speed is not constant ans: B 31. A car starts from rest and goes down a slope with a constant acceleration of 5 m/s 2. After 5 s the car reaches the bottom of the hill. Its speed at the bottom of the hill, in meters per second, is: A. 1 B. 12.5 C. 25 D. 50 E. 160 ans: C 32. A car moving with an initial velocity of 25 m/s north has a constant acceleration of 3 m/s 2 south. After 6 seconds its velocity will be: A. 7 m/s north B. 7 m/s south C. 43 m/s north D. 20 m/s north E. 20 m/s south ans: A 33. An object with an initial velocity of 12 m/s west experiences a constant acceleration of 4 m/s 2 west for 3 seconds. During this time the object travels a distance of: A. 12 m B. 24 m C. 36 m D. 54 m E. 144 m ans: D 34. How far does a car travel in 6 s if its initial velocity is 2 m/s and its acceleration is 2 m/s 2 in the forward direction? A. 12 m B. 14 m C. 24 m D. 36 m E. 48 m ans: E Chapter 2: MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE 13 35. At a stop light, a truck traveling at 15 m/s passes a car as it starts from rest. The truck travels at constant velocity and the car accelerates at 3 m/s 2. How much time does the car take to catch up to the truck? A. 5s B. 10s C. 15s D. 20s E. 25s ans: B 36. A ball is in free fall. Its acceleration is: A. downward during both ascent and descent B. downward during ascent and upward during descent C. upward during ascent and downward during descent D. upward during both ascent and descent E. downward at all times except at the very top, when it is zero ans: A 37. A ball is in free fall. Upward is taken to be the positive direction. The displacement of the ball during a short time interval is: A. positive during both ascent and descent B. negative during both ascent and descent C. negative during ascent and positive during descent D. positive during ascent and negative during descent E. none of the above ans: D 38. A baseball is thrown vertically into the air. The acceleration of the ball at its highest point is: A. zero B. g, down C. g, up D. 2g, down E. 2g, up ans: B 39. Which one of the following statements is correct for an object released from rest? A. The average velocity during the first second of time is 4.9m/s B. During each second the object falls 9.8m C. The acceleration changes by 9.8m/s 2 every second D. The object falls 9.8m during the first second of time E. The acceleration of the object is proportional to its weight ans: A 14 Chapter 2: MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE 40. A freely falling body has a constant acceleration of 9.8 m/s 2. This means that: A. the body falls 9.8 m during each second B. the body falls 9.8 m during the first second only C. the speed of the body increases by 9.8 m/s during each second D. the acceleration of the body increases by 9.8 m/s 2 during each second E. the acceleration of the body decreases by 9.8 m/s 2 during each second ans: C 41. An object is shot vertically upward. While it is rising: A. its velocity and acceleration are both upward B. its velocity is upward and its acceleration is downward C. its velocity and acceleration are both downward D. its velocity is downward and its acceleration is upward E. its velocity and acceleration are both decreasing ans: B 42. An object is thrown straight up from ground level with a speed of 50 m/s. If g = 10 m/s 2 its distance above ground level 1.0 s later is: A. 40 m B. 45 m C. 50 m D. 55 m E. 60 m ans: B 43. An object is thrown straight up from ground level with a speed of 50 m/s. If g = 10 m/s 2 its distance above ground level 6.0 s later is: A. 0.00 m B. 270 m C. 330 m D. 480 m E. none of these ans: E 44. At a location where g = 9.80 m/s 2, an object is thrown vertically down with an initial speed of 1.00 m/s. After 5.00 s the object will have traveled: A. 125 m B. 127.5 m C. 245 m D. 250 m E. 255 m ans: B Chapter 2: MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE 15