(Test Bank) Biological Psychology

Kalat, 12

Psychology

Test Bank

12th Edition

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Test Bank for Biological Psychology, The downloadable file consists of 540 pages, and the total size of the file is 2.63 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Kalat

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Test Bank for Biological Psychology 12th Edition James W. Kalat. True / False 1. Dendrites contain the nuclei, ribosomes, mitochondria, and other structures found in most cells. a. True b. False ANSWER: False DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 2. Neurons receive information and transmit it to other cells. a. True b. False ANSWER: True DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 3. An afferent axon brings information into a structure. a. True b. False ANSWER: True DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 4. An efferent axon carries information away from a structure. a. True b. False ANSWER: True DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 5. The greater the surface area of a dendrite, the more information it can receive from other neurons. a. True b. False ANSWER: True DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 6. Neurons are distinguished from other cells by their shape. a. True b. False ANSWER: True DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 7. Glial cells serve many functions. a. True b. False ANSWER: True DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 8. Glial cells transmit information across long distances. a. True b. False ANSWER: False DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 9. Schwann cells build the myelin sheaths in the periphery of the body. a. True b. False ANSWER: True DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 10. The blood-brain barrier is made up of closely packed glial cells. a. True b. False ANSWER: False DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: The Blood-Brain Barrier LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.02 - Summarize how the blood –brain barrier relates to protection and nutrition of neurons. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 11. The difference in voltage in a resting neuron is called the resting potential. a. True b. False ANSWER: True DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: The Resting Potential of the Neuron LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.03 - Explain how the sodium –potassium pump and the properties of the membrane lead to the resting potential of a neuron. TOPICS: 1.2 The Nerve Impulse 12. Increasing the electrical gradient for potassium will reduce the tendency for potassium ions to exit the neuron. a. True b. False ANSWER: True DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Analyze REFERENCES: The Resting Potential of the Neuron LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.03 - Explain how the sodium –potassium pump and the properties of the membrane lead to the resting potential of a neuron. TOPICS: 1.2 The Nerve Impulse 13. At the resting potential, the potassium channels are completely closed and the sodium channels are almost closed. a. True b. False ANSWER: False DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: The Resting Potential of the Neuron LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.03 - Explain how the sodium –potassium pump and the properties of the membrane lead to the resting potential of a neuron. TOPICS: 1.2 The Nerve Impulse 14. A prolonged increase in the permeability of the membrane to sodium ions would interfere with a neuron's ability to have an action potential. a. True b. False ANSWER: True DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Analyze REFERENCES: The Resting Potential of the Neuron LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.03 - Explain how the sodium –potassium pump and the properties of the membrane lead to the resting potential of a neuron. TOPICS: 1.2 The Nerve Impulse 15. Both dendrites and cell bodies are capable of producing action potentials. a. True b. False ANSWER: False DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: The Action Potential LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.04 - Discuss how the movement of sodium and potassium ions produces the action potential and recovery after it. TOPICS: 1.2 The Nerve Impulse Multiple Choice 16. The two basic kinds of cells in the nervous system are . a. neurons and glia b. dendrites and axons c. ribosomes and lysosomes d. neurons and axons ANSWER: a DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 17. Santiago Ramon y Cajal demonstrated that . a. at rest, the neuron has a negative charge inside its membrane b. neurons are separate from one another c. neurons communicate at specialized junctions called synapses d. action potentials follow the all-or-none law ANSWER: b DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 18. Which scientific work did Cajal apply to his study of infant brains? a. Charles Sherrington's study of reflexes b. Camillo Golgi's cell staining method c. Perves & Hadley's dye injection method d. Galileo's invention of the telescope ANSWER: a REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 19. The cell membrane is composed of two layers of . a. protein b. fat c. carbohydrate d. plasma ANSWER: b DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 20. Neurons differ most strongly from other body cells in their . a. temperature b. shape c. osmotic pressure d. mitochondria ANSWER: b DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 21. What do neurons have that other cells do not? a. a plasma membrane b. large, branching extensions c. protein channels d. an endoplasmic reticulum ANSWER: b DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 22. What structure is composed of two layers of fat molecules that are free to flow around one another? a. the endoplasmic reticulum b. a ribosome c. a mitochondrion d. the membrane ANSWER: d DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 23. Water, oxygen, and most freely flow across a cell membrane. a. calcium b. positively charged ions c. magnesium d. carbon dioxide ANSWER: d DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: The Blood-Brain Barrier LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.02 - Summarize how the blood –brain barrier relates to protection and nutrition of neurons. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 24. The structure that contains a cell’s chromosomes is called the . a. endoplasmic reticulum b. nucleus c. mitochondrion d. ribosome ANSWER: b DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 25. Small, charged molecules can cross the cell membrane through . a. diffusion b. ribosomes c. mitochondria d. protein channels ANSWER: d DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: The Blood-Brain Barrier LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.02 - Summarize how the blood –brain barrier relates to protection and nutrition of neurons. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 26. Protein channels allow molecules to cross the cell membrane. a. large charged b. small charged c. large uncharged d. small uncharged ANSWER: b DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: The Blood Brain Barrier LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.02 - Summarize how the blood –brain barrier relates to protection and nutrition of neurons. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 27. Ribosomes are the part of a cell that . a. performs metabolic activities b. breaks down harmful chemicals c. transports proteins d. synthesizes new proteins ANSWER: d DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 28. The endoplasmic reticulum is a . a. network of thin tubes that transport newly synthesized proteins b. site where the cell synthesizes new protein molecules c. structure that separates the inside of the cell from the outside d. structure that contains the chromosomes ANSWER: a DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 29. Dendrites . a. contain the nucleus, ribosomes, and other structures found in most cells b. are branching fibers that get narrower near their ends c. are thin fibers of constant diameter d. are an insulating material that cover an axon ANSWER: b DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 30. The branching fibers that form the information -receiving pole of the nerve cells are called . a. motor neurons b. dendrites c. sensory neurons d. axons ANSWER: b DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 31. The surface of a dendrite is lined with specialized junctions through which the dendrite receives information from other neurons. What are these junctions called? a. synaptic receptors b. axons c. synaptic hillocks d. glia ANSWER: a DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 32. The tree-like branches of a neuron that receive information from other neurons are called . a. axons b. dendrites c. soma d. myelin ANSWER: b DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 33. Many dendrites contain short outgrowths called spines that . a. increase the surface area available for synapses b. increase the speed of transmission c. eliminate cell waste products d. increase the symmetry of the cel. ANSWER: a DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 34. As compared to dendrites, axons usually . a. form the information -receiving pole of the neuron b. are shorter in length c. are covered with myelin d. taper in diameter toward their periphery ANSWER: c DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 35. The insulating material that covers many vertebrate axons is called the . a. dendrite b. myelin sheath c. cell body or soma d. presynaptic terminal ANSWER: b DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 36. Nodes of Ranvier are . a. gaps in the myelin of axons b. also known as myelin sheath c. spiny outgrowths on dendrites d. responsible for cell metabolism ANSWER: a DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 37. Gaps in the insulating material that surrounds axons are known as . a. interpeduncular nuclei b. nodes of Ranvier c. myelin synapses d. presynaptic terminals ANSWER: b DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 38. A presynaptic terminal is also known as . a. an end bulb b. a node of Ranvier c. myelin d. a spine ANSWER: a DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 39. An axon has many branches, each of which swells at its tip. These are known as . a. presynaptic terminals b. efferent axons c. afferent axons d. intrinsic neurons ANSWER: a DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 40. Chemicals are released by axons . a. into the presynaptic terminal b. into the junction between neurons c. through the efferent terminals d. to the mitochondria ANSWER: b DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 41. Neurons typically have one , but many . a. dendrite; axons b. axon; dendrites c. cell body; axons d. dendrite; cell bodies ANSWER: b DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 42. As a general rule, axons convey information . a. toward dendrites of their own cell b. toward their own cell body c. away from their own cell body d. to surrounding glia ANSWER: c DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 43. If you were to accidentally touch a hot stove with your hand, you would quickly pull your hand away. The information carried to the muscles in your arm to make them contract was carried by . a. efferent neurons b. afferent neurons c. intrinsic neurons d. sensory neurons ANSWER: a DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 44. If all of a neuron's dendrites or axons were contained within the spinal cord, it would be considered a(n) neuron. a. efferent b. afferent c. intrinsic d. Purkinje ANSWER: c DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 45. What type of neuron in the pons receives information only from other cells in the pons and sends information only to other cells in the pons? a. afferent b. efferent c. intrinsic d. inter-synaptic ANSWER: c DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Analyze REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 46. Glial cells . a. are less numerous than neurons in the human brain. b. transmit information over long distances within the central nervous system. c. occupy about ten times more space in the brain than do neurons. d. are smaller but more numerous than neurons in the human brain. ANSWER: d DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 47. What type of glia helps to synchronize the activity of axons? a. oligodendrocytes b. astrocytes c. radial glia d. Schwann cells ANSWER: b DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 48. Which type of glia remove waste material in the nervous system? a. astrocytes b. Schwann cells c. oligodendrocytes d. radial glia ANSWER: a DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 49. What type of glial cells myelinate axons in the brain and spinal cord? a. oligodendrocytes b. Schwann cells c. radial glia d. astrocytes ANSWER: a DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 50. Which type of glia release chemicals that modify the activity of neighboring neurons? a. astrocytes b. Schwann cells c. oligodendrocytes d. radial glia ANSWER: a DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 51. Which type of glia builds myelin sheaths around axons in the periphery of the body? a. astrocytes b. Schwann cells c. oligodendrocytes d. radial glia ANSWER: b DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 52. in the brain and spinal cord and in the periphery are specialized types of glia that build the myelin sheaths that surround neurons. a. Oligodendrocytes; Schwann cells b. Schwann cells; oligodendrocytes c. Microglia; oligodendrocytes d. Radial glia; Schwann cells ANSWER: a DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 53. Glial cells whose function most closely resembles that of the immune system are called . a. oligodendrocytes b. Schwann cells c. microglia d. radial glia ANSWER: c DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Understand REFERENCES: Anatomy of Neurons and Glia LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KALA.BIOP.16.01.01 - Describe neurons and glia, the cells that constitute the nervous system. TOPICS: 1.1 The Cells of the Nervous System 54. Radial glia . a. guide the migration of neurons during embryonic development b. synchronize the activity of axons c. wrap around the presynaptic terminals of several axons d. build the myelin sheaths that surround and insulate certain axons ANSWER: a