(Test Bank) Brown and Mulholland’s Drug Calculations

Tritak, 11

Nursing

Test Bank

11th Edition

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Test Bank for Brown and Mulholland’s Drug Calculations, The downloadable file consists of 173 pages, and the total size of the file is 3.15 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Tritak

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Brown and Mulholland’s Drug Calculations 11th Edition Tritak Test Bank Chapter 01: General Mathematics Tritak: Brown and Mulholland’s Drug Calculations: Ratio and Proportion Problems for Clinical Practice, 11th Edition ESSAY Directions: Solve the following problems. 1. Add and reduce to lowest terms: ANS: 2. Add: ANS: 3. Multiply and reduce to lowest terms: ANS: 4. Multiply and reduce to lowest terms: ANS: 5. Divide and reduce to lowest terms: ANS: 6. Divide and reduce to lowest terms: ANS: 7. Which is greater, ? ANS: 8. Which is smaller, ANS: 9. Change to a decimal: ANS: 0.125 10. Change to a fraction: 0.008 ANS: 11. Which is smaller, 0.125 or 0.25? ANS: 0.125 12. Which is greater, 0.25 or 0.05? ANS: 0.25 13. Round to the nearest tenth: 3.124 ANS: 3.1 14. Round to the nearest hundredth: 0.42877 ANS: 0.43 15. Round to the nearest whole number: 5.742 ANS: 6 16. Round to the nearest ten thousandth: 0.576391 ANS: 0.5764 17. Divide 7.35 by 0.25. ANS: 29.4 18. Multiply 4.25 by 0.2. ANS: 0.85 19. Find 5% of 75. ANS: 0.05  75 = 3.75 (10% of 75 is 7.5; 5% would be one half of that) 20. Find 55% of 120. ANS: 0.55  120 = 66 (a little more than one half of 120) 21. Write as a percentage and as a decimal. ANS: 10%, 0.1 22. Write 0.05 as a fraction and as a percentage. ANS: 23. Write 85% as a fraction and as a decimal. ANS: 24. Change 1 to an improper fraction. ANS: 25. Change to a whole or mixed number. ANS: 26. Which is larger, tens or tenths? ANS: Tens 27. Write three hundred seventy seven thousandths as a decimal. ANS: 0.377 28. Make 150 mL of a 50% strength solution. How many mL of the solute will be needed? ANS: 75 mL Know Want to Know 1 mL : 2 mL = x mL : 150 mL 2x = 1  150 = 150 x = 75 mL Proof: 1  150 = 150 2  75 = 150 29. You need to make a 75% Betadine solution for a total of 250 mL. How much Betadine will you need? ANS: 187.5 mL Know Want to Know 75 mL : 100 mL = x mL : 250 mL 3 : 4 = x : 250 4x = 3  250 = 750 4x = 750 mL x = 187.5 mL of Betadine. Add 62.50 mL of solution for a total of 250 mL. Proof: 3  250 = 750 4  187.5 = 750 30. You need to make a 10% solution of hydrogen peroxide for a total of 500 mL. You are using normal saline (NS) as the solvent. How many mL of hydrogen peroxide will you need? ANS: 50 mL Know Want to Know 10 mL : 100 mL = x mL : 500 mL 1 : 10 = x mL : 500 mL 10x = 1  500 = 500 x = 50 mL of hydrogen peroxide. Add 450 mL of NS to make 500 mL of a 10% solution. Proof: 50  10 = 500 1  500 = 500 Directions: CALCULATING SOLUTIONS Health care professionals need to know how to prepare solutions from stock solutions. A solution consist s of a solute (concentrate) plus a solvent (liquid). A solute can be either liquid or a powder, and a solvent can be either water or NS. The resulting reconstituted solution will be a weaker strength than the original. The strength of the solution is repre sented by a ratio of solute to solvent. Many times health care workers have to prepare solutions for irrigations, tube feedings, infant formulas, or perhaps cleaning solutions. This worksheet will give the student practice making up different types and strengths of solutions. Prepare a 100 mL of a strength solution of hydrogen peroxide (solute) using NS (solvent). This means one part hydrogen peroxide (solute) to three parts of NS (solvent). EXAMPLE: Know Want to Know 1 : 3 = x : 100 3x = 1  100 = 100 3x = 33.33 mL of the solute hydrogen peroxide needed Proof: 1  100 = 100 3  33.33 = 99.9 100 mL solution wanted 33.33 mL hydrogen peroxide 66.67 mL of NS 66.67 mL of NS added to the 33.33 mL of hydrogen peroxide yields 100 mL of a strength hydrogen peroxide solution for irrigation. 31. Prepare a 70% Betadine solution for traction pin care. Cleanse area twice daily with 10 mL of a 70% Betadine solution with NS. a. How many mL of total solution will you prepare? b. How many mL of Betadine will be needed? c. How many mL of NS will you add? ANS: a. 10  2 times per day = 20 mL of 70% Betadine solution should be prepared. b. Know Want to Know 0.70 : 1 = x : 20 mL x = 0.70  20 = 140 x = 14 mL of Betadine needed Proof: 0.70  20 = 14.00 1  14 = 14 c. 20 mL needed 14 mL Betadine 6 mL NS added to make 20 mL of a 70% Betadine solution 32. Prepare 100 mL of a 10% strength solution of bleach for cleaning. a. How many mL of bleach will be needed? b. How many mL of water will be needed? ANS: a. Know Want to Know 1 : 10 = x : 100 10x = 100 x = 10 mL of bleach need Proof: 1  100 = 100 10  10 = 100 b. 100 mL total needed 10 mL bleach needed 90 mL of water added to make 100 mL of bleach solution 33. Make a strength solution of hydrogen peroxide. Irrigate the wound with 100 mL of solution 4 times a day. a. How many total mL will be needed? b. How many mL of hydrogen peroxide will be needed? c. How many mL of sterile NS will be needed? ANS: a. 100 mL  4 times per day = 400 mL of solution needed b. Know Want to Know 1 : 4 = x : 400 4x = 400 x = 100 mL of hydrogen per oxide needed Proof: 1  400 = 400 4  100 = 400 c. 400 mL total needed 100 mL hydrogen peroxide 300 mL of sterile NS added to make 400 mL of strength solution 34. Make 4 cups of a 20% vinegar solution for household cleaning. a. How many total mL will you prepare? b. How many mL of vinegar will be needed? c. How many mL of water will be needed? ANS: a. Know Want to Know 1 cup : 240 mL = 4 cups : x mL x = 240  4 = 960 x = 960 mL total solution needed Proof: 240  4 = 960 1  960 = 960 b. Know Want to Know 20 : 100 = x : 960 5x = 960 x = 192 mL of vinegar needed Proof: 5  192 = 960 1  960 = 960 c. 960 mL total solution needed 192 mL hydrogen peroxide 768 mL of water added a make a 20% solution 35. Make a 60% strength baking soda solution to clean your stainless steel sink. The directions read: 200 mL of a 60% solution will clean five stainless steel appliances. a. How many mL of baking soda will you need? b. How many mL of water will you need? ANS: a. Know Want to Know 0.60 : 1 = x : 200 x = 0.60  200 = 120 x = 120 mL of baking soda needed Proof: 0.60  200 = 120 120  1 = 120 b. 200 mL total solution needed 120 mL baking soda 80 mL of water added a make a 60% solution 36. Make a strength drink of Ensure from a 12 oz. can. a. How many mL are in 12 oz? b. How many mL of Ensure will be needed? c. How many mL of water will be needed? ANS: a. Know Want to Know 1 oz : 30 mL = 12 oz : x mL x = 30  12 = 360 mL in 12 oz. Proof: 30  12 = 360 1  360 = 360 b. Know Want to Know 1 : 3 = x : 360 3x = 360 x = 120 mL of Ensure needed Proof: 1  360 = 360 3  120 = 360 c. 360 mL total needed 120 mL Ensure 240 mL of water needed to make a strength drink 37. Make a strength drink of Sustacal from a 10 oz can. a. How many mL are in 10 oz? b. How many mL of Sustacal will be needed? c. How many mL of water will be needed? ANS: a. Know Want to Know 10 oz : 30 mL = 10 oz : x mL x = 30  10 = 300 x = 300 mL in 10 oz Proof: 30  10 = 300 1  300 = 300 b. Know Want to Know 3 : 4 = x : 300 4x = 3  300 = 900 x = 225 mL of Sustacal needed Proof: 3  300 = 900 4  225 = 900 c. 300 mL total needed 225 mL Sustacal 75 mL of water needed to make a strength drink 38. Make a strength drink of 360 mL of Isomil. a. How many mL of Isomil will be needed? b. How many mL of water will be added? ANS: a. Know Want to Know 1 : 2 = x : 360 2x = 360 x = 180 mL of Isomil needed Proof: 1  360 = 360 2  180 = 360 b. 360 mL total needed 180 mL of Isomil 180 mL of water added to Isomil to make a strength drink 39. Make a strength drink from a 12 oz. can of Ensure. a. How many total mL of Ensure is 12 oz? b. How many mL of Ensure will be needed? c. How many mL of water will be added? ANS: a. Know Want to Know 1 oz : 30 mL = 12 oz : x mL x = 30  12 = 360 mL x = 360 mL in 12 oz Proof: 30  12 = 360 1  360 = 360 b. Know Want to Know 2 : 3 = x : 360 3x = 2  360 = 720 x = 240 mL of Ensure needed Proof: 2  360 = 720 3  240 = 720 c. 360 mL total needed 240 mL of Ensure 120 mL of water added to make a strength drink 40. Prepare 400 mL of a strength drink of Sustacal for each nasogastric feeding 3 times daily. a. How many total mL will be needed? b. How many total mL of Sustacal will be needed for the three feedings? c. How many mL of water will be needed? ANS: a. 400 mL  3 times daily = 1200 mL b. Know Want to Know 3 : 4 = x : 1200 4x = 3  1200 = 3600 x = 900 mL of Sustacal needed Proof: 2  1200 = 3600 4  900 = 3600 c. 1200 mL total need for three feedings 900 mL of Sustacal needed 300 mL of water added to make a strength drink Directions: Change the following fractions to ratios in lowest terms. 41. ANS: 3 : 4 42. ANS: 1 : 2 43. ANS: 2 : 3 44. ANS: 1 : 4 45. 45. ANS: 1 : 2 Directions: Change the following ratios to fractions and reduce to the lowest terms. 46. 5 : 25 ANS: 47. 5 : 100 ANS: 48. 3 : 9 ANS: 49. 4 : 12 ANS: 50. 50 : 200 ANS: Directions: Change the following percentages to fractions and reduce to the lowest terms. 51. 5% ANS: 52. 10% ANS: 53. 4.5% ANS: 54. 7.6% ANS: 55. 20% ANS: Directions: Change the following percentages to ratios and reduce to lowest terms. 56. 8% ANS: 8 : 100 = 2:25 57. 10% ANS: 10 : 100 = 1 : 10 58. 0.9% ANS: 9 : 1000 59. 0.45% ANS: 45 : 10,000 = 9 : 2000 60. 50% ANS: 50 : 100 = 1 : 2 Directions: Change the following ratios to lowest term fractions and cross multiply. 61. 1 : 4 = 16 : x ANS: 62. 1 : 3 = 80 : x ANS: 63. 1 : 3 = 60 : x ANS: 64. 25 : 75 = 10 : x ANS: 65. 80 : 20 = 120 : x ANS: Chapter 02: Ratio and Proportion Tritak: Brown and Mulholland’s Drug Calculations: Ratio and Proportion Problems for Clinical Practice, 11th Edition ESSAY Directions: Solve the following problems. 1. Solve for x, and prove your answer: 2 : 5 = 10 : x ANS: x = 25 Know Want to Know 2 : 5 = 10 : x x = 25 Proof: 2  25 = 50 5  10 = 50 2. Solve for x, and prove your answer: 3 : 10 = 6 : x ANS: x = 20 Know Want to Know 3 : 10 = 6 : x x = 25 Proof: 3  20 = 60 10  6 = 60 Directions: Set up a ratio and proportion in each of the following problems. Label and prove your answers. 3. There are 20 patient beds contained in each hospital unit. How many units would there be for a hospital with a 300 -bed capacity? ANS: 15 units Know Want to Know 20 beds : 1 unit = 300 beds : x units x = 15 units Proof: 20  15 = 300 1  300 = 300 4. Each nurse is assigned five patients for a shift. How many nurses will be needed for 250 patients? ANS: 50 nurses Know Want to Know 1 nurse : 5 patients = x nurses : 250 patients x = 50 nurses Proof: 1  250 = 250 5  50 = 250 5. If a patient needs to have three pills 4 times a day, how many pills will be needed for a 1 -week supply? ANS: 84 pills Know Want to Know 12 pills : 1 day = x pills : 7 days x = 1  27 x = 84 pills Proof: 12  7 = 84 1  84 = 84 6. A hospital hires one CNA for every 10 patients. How many CNAs will be needed for 200 patients? ANS: 20 CNAs Know Want to Know 1 CNA : 10 patients = x CNAs : 200 patients x = 20 CNAs Proof: 1  200 = 200 10  20 = 200 7. A patient has a bottle of liquid medicine that contains 60 doses of medicine. How many days will the bottle last if the patient takes 4 doses a day? ANS: 15 days Know Want to Know 4 doses : 1 day = 60 doses : x days x = 15 days Proof: 4  15 = 60 1  60 = 60 8. A hospital averages 22 admissions per day. How many admissions does it average in a 30 -day month? ANS: 600 admissions Know Want to Know 22 admissions : 1 day = x admissions : 30 days x = 22  30 x = 600 admissions Proof: 22  30 = 660 1  660 = 660 9. The x -ray department schedules a chest x -ray every 15 min. How many chest x -rays can be taken in 7 hr? ANS: 28 x-rays Know Want to Know 4 x-rays : 1 hr = x x-rays : 7 hr x = 4  7 x = 28 x-rays Proof: 4  7 = 28 1  28 = 28 10. There are 50 syringes in each package. The hospital uses 50 packages a week. How many syringes does the hospital use in a week? ANS: 2500 syringes Know Want to Know 50 syringes : 1 package = x syringes : 50 packages x = 50  50 x = 2500 syringes Proof : 50  50 = 2500 1  2500 = 2500 11. The emergency room budgets for 100 L of intravenous D5W per day. How many liters are needed for 4 weeks? ANS: 2800 L Know Want to Know 100 L : 1 day = x L : 28 days x = 100  28 x = 2800 L Proof: 100  28 = 2800 1  2800 = 2800 12. The hospital schedules 150 nurses per week to cover two 12 -hr shifts. How many nurses are employed each shift? ANS: 75 nurses Know Want to Know 150 nurses : 2 shifts = x nurses : 1 shift x = 75 nurses per shift Proof: 150  1 = 150 2  75 = 150 13. The hospital offers up to $3000 in tuition reimbursement. If each course costs $500, how many courses can you take? ANS: 6 courses Know Want to Know $500 : 1 course = $3000 : x courses x = 6 courses Proof: 500  6 = 3000 1  3000 = 3000 14. There are 3 unit coordinators for each unit. How many unit coordinators will be employed for 12 units? ANS: 36 coordinators Know Want to Know 3 coordinators : 1 unit = x coordinators : 12 units x = 3  12 x = 36 coordinators Proof: 3  12 = 36 1  36 = 36 15. If you are paid $25 per hr for overtime, how many hr do you need to work to receive $600 in overtime earnings? ANS: 24 hr Know Want to Know $25 : 1 hr = $600 : x hr x = 24 hr Proof: 25  24 = 600 1  600 = 600 16. The patient must drink 8 oz of water every hr. How many oz will be consumed in 12 hr? ANS: 96 oz Know Want to Know 8 oz : 1 hr = x oz : 12 hr x = 8  12 x = 96 oz Proof: 8  12 = 96 1  96 = 96 17. You have to mix formula at 2 Tbsp per 8-oz bottle. How many Tbsp will you need to use for 6 bottles? ANS: 12 Tbsp Know Want to Know 2 Tbsp : 1 bottle = x Tbsp : 6 bottles x = 2  6 x = 12 Tbsp Proof: 2  6 = 12 1  12 = 1 18. The top sheets from the laundry are 12 to a package. How many packages will you need to cover 60 beds? ANS: 5 packages Know Want to Know 12 beds : 1 package = 60 beds : x packages x = 5 packages Proof: 12  5 = 60 1  60 = 60 19. The patient has a bottle of 100 cap. How many days will the bottle last if the patient takes 4 cap per day? ANS: 25 days Know Want to Know 4 cap : 1 day = 100 cap : x days x = 25 days Proof: 4  25 = 100 1  100 = 100 20. Your patient is being discharged and has to take 2 pills 3 times a day. How many pills will be needed for a 14-day supply? ANS: 84 pills Know Want to Know 6 pills : 1 day = x pills : 14 days x = 6  14 x = 84 pills Proof: 6  14 = 84 1  84 = 84 21. How many syringes are there in a package of 10 dozen? Conversion factor: 1 dozen = 12 syringes. ANS: 120 syringes Know Want to Know 12 syringes : 1 dozen = x syringes : 10 dozen x = 12  10 x = 120 syringes Proof: 12  10 = 120 1  120 = 120 22. How many hr are there in 10 days? Conversion factor: 24 hr = 1 day. ANS: 240 hr Know Want to Know 24 hr : 1 day = x hr : 10 days x = 24  10 x = 240 hr Proof: 24  10 = 240 1  240 = 240 23. How many min are in 4.5 hr? Conversion factor: 1 hr = 60 min. ANS: 270 min Know Want to Know 1 hr : 60 min = 4.5 hr : x min x = 60  4.5 x = 270 min Proof: 1  270 = 270 60  4.5 = 270 24. A bottle of 40 tablets costs the pharmacy $100. How much does each tablet cost? ANS: $2.50 per tablet Know Want to Know 40 tablets : 100 dollars = 1 tablet : x dollars x = $2.50 per tablet Proof: 40  2.50 = 100 100  1 = 100 25. The hospital assigns 4 interns to every resident. There are 7 residents. How many interns will the hospital need? ANS: 28 interns Know Want to Know 4 interns : 1 resident = x interns : 7 residents x = 4  7 x = 28 interns Proof: 4  7 = 28 1  28 = 28 26. The container holds 1.5 quarts. How many oz does it hold? Conversion factor: 32 oz = 1 quart. ANS: 48 oz Know Want to Know 32 oz : 1 quart = x oz : 1.5 quarts x = 32  1.5 x = 48 oz Proof: 32  1.5 = 48 1  48 = 48 27. The accounting office prints 400 pages per day. How many reams of paper should be bought to last 30 days? Conversion factor: 500 pages = 1 ream. ANS: 24 reams Step 1: Know Want to Know 400 pages : 1 day = x pages : 30 days x = 400  30 x = 12,000 pages in 30 days Proof: 400  30 1  12,000 =12,000 Step 2: Know Want to Know 500 pages : 1 ream = 12,000 pages : x reams x = 24 reams Proof: 500  24 = 12,000 1  12,000 = 12,000 28. The patient takes 5 medications 4 times a day. How many medications does the patient take in 1 week? Conversion factor: 7 days = 1 week. ANS: 140 medications per week Know Want to Know 20 medications : 1 day = x medications : 7 days x = 20  7 x = 140 medications per week Proof: 20  7 = 140 1  140 = 140 29. There are 10 RNs on each unit per 24 -hr shift. How many RN salaries are needed for a week on a unit? Conversion factor: 7 days = 1 week. ANS: 70 RN salaries Know Want to Know 10 RNs : 1 day = x RNs : 7 days x = 10  7 x = 70 RN salaries Proof: 10  7 = 70 1  70 = 70 30. The computer has 4 gigabytes (GB) of memory. How many megabytes (MB) of memory does this equal? Conversion factor: 1024 MB = 1 GB. ANS: 4096 MB Know Want to Know 1024 MB : 1 GM = x MB : 4 GB x = 1024  4 x = 4096 MB Proof: 1024  4 = 4096 1  4096 = 4096 31. The cardiac rehabilitation track is mile. The patient is now completing 12 laps on the track every morning. How many miles is the patient completing? Conversion factor: 4 laps (each lap is mile) = 1 mile. (Create a one-step ratio and proportion.) ANS: 3 miles Know Want to Know 4 laps : 1 mile = 12 laps : x miles x = 3 miles Proof: 4  3 = 12 1  12 = 12 32. The surgeon makes an incision that is 7 cm long. What is the equivalent in inches? Conversion factor: 2.5 cm = approximately 1 inch. ANS: 3 inches Know Want to Know 2.5 cm : 1 inch = 7.5 cm : x inch x = 3 inches Proof: 2.5  3 = 7.5 1  7.5 = 7.5 33. The field is 300 yards long. How many meters is it? Conversion factor: 1 yard = approximately 0.9 m. ANS: 270 m Know Want to Know 1 yard : 0.9 m = 300 yards : x m x = 0.9  300 x = 270 m Proof: 1  270 = 270 0.9  300 = 270 34. The medication prescription is for 60 tablets. If the patient takes 4 tablets a day, how many days will the prescription last? ANS: 15 days Know Want to Know 4 tablets : 1 day = 60 tablets : x days x = 15 days Proof: 4  15 = 60 1  60 = 60 35. The patient needs to drink 8 oz of water every hr while awake (16 hr). How many mL of water will the patient drink? Conversion factor: 8 oz = 24 mL. ANS: 3840 mL Know Want to Know 240 mL : 1 hr = x mL : 16 hr x = 240  16 x = 3840 mL Proof: 240  16 = 3840 1  3840 = 3840 36. The patient is supposed to drink 8 oz of fluid every waking hr. How many quarts should be consumed in 12 hr? Conversion factor: 16 oz = 1 pint, 2 pints = 1 quart. (Create a two -step ratio and proportion.) ANS: 3 quarts Step 1: Know Want to Know 32 oz : 1 quart = 8 oz : x quarts