(Test Bank) Essentials of Nursing Leadership & Management

Weiss, 7

Nursing

Test Bank

7th Edition

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Test Bank for Essentials of Nursing Leadership & Management, The downloadable file consists of 188 pages, and the total size of the file is 1.92 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Weiss

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Essentials of Nursing Leadership & Management 7th Weiss Test Bank Chapter 1: Characteristics of a Profession 1. Professionalism has been historically difficult to define. Early definitions of professionalism included which of the following characteristics? A. Expertise B. Empathy C. Ethical and moral values D. Honesty Answer: 2. A registered nurse (RN) who usually uses public transportation has not renewed her driver’s license. During a recent car trip with a friend, she took over driving when her friend became tired. Which of the following is true? A. She has acted in a professional manner. B. She may lose her RN license for driving without a license. C. She should renew her driver’s license as soon as possible. D. Under the circumstances, she will not be faulted for driving without a license. Answer: 3. An RN visits a middle school class to discuss the profession of nursing. Which of the following statements is true of nursing? A. Nurses must graduate from nursing school in order to obtain a license to practice. B. Nursing is a vocation that requires continuous education. C. Nurses function autonomously within their scope of practice. D. Nurses must adhere to expected professional behaviors in their lives. Answer: 4. An RN is reviewing professional behavior expectations with a group of new nurses. Which of the following statements should be included in the teaching? A. It is OK to discuss your days at work on social media. B. When you are passionate about a topic, speak up in blogs and forums. C. Your behavior outside of the practice setting is up to you and will not impact your license. D. Nurses may lose their licenses for unprofessional actions. Answer: 5. An RN is explaining to a student nurse what professionalism in nursing means. Which of the following statements, if made by the student nurse, demonstrates teaching has been successful? A. “Commitment to others means I should be honest and accountable for my actions.” B. “I should encourage my fellow nurses to talk when they are having a bad day.” C. “I should be flexible with myself and my fellow nurses when it comes to the dress code.” D. “If I need a day off, I should promptly call in sick to give my manager plenty of time to find a replacement.” Answer: 6. As the definition of nursing evolved, which of the following nurse theorists focused on the uniqueness of nursing? A. Florence Nightingale B. Virginia Henderson C. Martha Rogers D. Abraham Maslow Answer: 7. Recent polls have placed nursing as one of the most trusted professions because of which of the following? A. Nurses engage in lifelong learning. B. Nurses abide by a dress code. C. Nurses have the skills needed to care for diverse populations. D. Nurses must pass the NCLEX in order to obtain a license to practice. Answer: 8. The main purpose of the NCLEX examination is which of the following? A. Ensure individuals have passed nursing classes. B. Provide assurance that the nursing schools are part of the service agency. C. Enable potential students to determine the best nursing schools. D. Ensure the safety of the public. Answer: 9. A recent nursing school graduate is preparing to take the NCLEX. The graduate knows which of the following is true? A. Upon graduation from nursing school, she can use the title RN. B. Because the NCLEX is a national examination, her RN license will allow her to practice in all states and territories of the United States. C. If her home state participates in the com pact agreement, she may practice in other states participating in the agreement, but should renew her license in her home state. D. The RN license is a permissive license. Answer: 10. The Social Security Act of 1935 impacted public health nursing because it contained provisions for care for which of the following vulnerable populations? A. Disabled children B. Mentally disabled C. Older adults D. Opioid addicts Answer: 11. The decades between the 1960s and 1980s brought about many changes in nursing. Which of the following is a reason for advances in nursing? A. Decreased demand for health care B. Development of specialty care disciplines C. Gender discrimination D. Advances in technology leading to more generalized care Answer: 12. Which of the following is a challenge the profession of nursing faced? A. Because of fear, nursing contributed to the stigma of AIDS in the 1980s. B. During the Korean War, nursing practice grew in field hospitals where supplies and equipment were abundant. C. After the Vietnam War, many nurses were frustrated with the lack of independent functioning of nurses when they returned home. D. Ethical dilemmas led to a decline in the number of hospice nurses. Answer: 13. A nurse supervisor is planning an educational session for her staff regarding improving teamwork among different generations. Which of the following recommendations will reduce potential generational conflicts? A. Involve only millennials in technology decisions. B. Focus on the team as a whole, rather than individual generations. C. Involve only the baby boomers in technology decisions. D. Practice active and assertive communication techniques. Answer: 14. Which of the following is a reason for increasing the use of advanced practice nurses? A. A 2010 Institute of Medicine report encouraged nurses to practice to the full extent of their education. B. Advanced practice nurses serve as an extension of physicians. C. The National League for Nursing promotes the master of science in nursing (MSN) as the terminal degree for nurse practitioners. D. Advanced practice nurses do not have the skills to diagnose. Answer: 15. Which of the following is a reason for conflicts in professional nursing today? A. Some nurses who had planned to retire but find themselves forced to continue working because of the current economic situation B. Balancing state practice acts, codes of ethics, and standards of practice C. Advances in technology D. Multiple generations in the workforce Answer: Weiss Chapter 1: Characteristics of a Profession —Answers and Rationales 1. Professionalism has been historically difficult to define. Early definitions of professionalism included which of the following characteristics? A. Expertise B. Empathy C. Ethical and moral values D. Honesty ANS: A Page: 4 Feedback A. This is correct. Older definitions of professionalism only look at knowledge and expertise. B. This is incorrect. Empathy is a modern characteristic of professional behavior. C. This is incorrect. A code of ethics and moral values are more recent characteristics of professionalism. D. This is incorrect. Honesty is a more recent characteristic of professional behavior. 2. A registered nurse (RN) who usually uses public transportation has not renewed her driver’s license. During a recent car trip with a friend, she took over driving when her friend became tired. Which of the follow ing is true? A. She has acted in a professional manner. B. She may lose her RN license for driving without a license. C. She should renew her driver’s license as soon as possible. D. Under the circumstances, she will not be faulted for driving without a license. ANS: B Page: 5 Feedback A. This is incorrect. Professionalism requires nurses to avoid illegal behaviors. Driving without a license is illegal. B. This is correct. Driving without a license is deemed an unprofessional and illegal behavior for which a nurse may lose his or her license. C. This is incorrect. It is up to the individual to decide if she should renew her license. D. This is incorrect. Driving without a valid driver’s license is illegal, and the nurse may lose her nursing license. 3. An RN visits a middle school class to discuss the profession of nursing. Which of the following statements is true of nursing? A. Nurses must graduate from nursing school in order to obtain a license to practice. B. Nursing is a vocation that requires continuous education. C. Nurses function autonomously within their scope of practice. D. Nurses must adhere to expected professional behaviors in their lives. ANS: C Page: 4 Feedback A. This is incorrect. Nurses must graduate from a nursing program to be eligible to take the NCLEX examination. Nurses must pass the NCLEX examination in order to be eligible to obtain a license to practice. Passing the NCLEX examination demonstrates the nurse has re ceived specialized education and training and enables the nurse to obtain a license to practice in the state. B. This is incorrect. Although lifelong learning is required in nursing, nursing is a profession rather than a vocation. C. This is correct. Rather than being assistants to doctors, nurses are able to function autonomously within their scope of practice. Nurses formulate and deliver a plan of care for clients, utilizing nursing judgment and critical thinking skills to make deci sions in client care. D. This is incorrect. The state boards of nursing expect nurses to uphold professional standards of behavior in their practice and personal lives in order to maintain their license. 4. An RN is reviewing professional behavior expectations with a group of new nurses. Which of the following statements should be included in the teaching? A. It is OK to discuss your days at work on social media. B. When you are passionate about a topic, speak up in blogs and forums. C. Your behavior outside of the practice setting is up to you and will not impact your license. D. Nurses may lose their licenses for unprofessional actions. ANS: D Page: 5 Feedback A. This is incorrect. Inappropriate use of social media may lead to a nurse losing his or her license. B. This is incorrect. Emotionally charged blogs or forums may be deemed unprofessional behavior. C. This is incorrect. Nurses are expected to behave in a professional manner in both their personal and professional lives. D. This is correct. State boards on nursing elaborate the expected professional behaviors, and nurses can lose their licenses for unprofessional or illegal behavior. 5. An RN is explaining to a student nurse what professionalism in nursing means. Which of the following statements, if made by the student nurse, demonstrates teaching has been successful? A. “Commitment to others means I should be honest and accountable for my actions.” B. “I should encourage my fellow nurses to talk when they are having a bad day.” C. “I should be flexible with myself and my fellow nurses when it comes to the dress code.” D. “If I need a day off, I should promptly call in sick to give my manager plenty of time to find a replacement.” ANS: A Page: 5 Feedback A. This is correct. Commitment to others involves accountability for one’s actions, lifelong learning, and commitment to colleagues. B. This is incorrect. Gossip and negative comments should be avoided. C. This is incorrect. Dress codes should be followed according to the employer’s expectations. D. This is incorrect. Honesty is part of commitment to others and professionalism. When a day off is needed, a personal day or vacation day should be taken. One should only call in sick when one is really sick. 6. As the definition of nursing evolved, which of the following nurse theorists focused on the uniqueness of nursing? A. Florence Nightingale B. Virginia Henderson C. Martha Rogers D. Abraham Maslow ANS: B Page: 5 Feedback A. This is incorrect. Florence Nightingale’s description of nursing involved putting the client in the best place for healing. B. This is correct. Virginia Henderson’s definition of nursing focused on its uniqueness. C. This is incorrect. Martha Rogers upheld the importance of all people, not just the ill. D. This is incorrect. Abraham Maslow was not a nurse theorist. 7. Recent polls have placed nursing as one of the most trusted professions because of which of the following? A. Nurses engage in lifelong learning. B. Nurses abide by a dress code. C. Nurses have the skills needed to care for diverse populations. D. Nurses must pass the NCLEX in order to obtain a license to practice. ANS: C Page: 5 Feedback A. This is incorrect. Although nurses do engage in lifelong learning, this is not the main reason why recent polls show nursing to be one of the most trusted professions. B. This is incorrect. Although nurses do abide by a dress code according to their organization, this is not the main reason why recent polls show nursing to be one of the most trusted professions. C. This is correct. Nurses are one of the most trusted professions because they have the knowledge, expertise, and ability to care for diverse populations. D. This is incorrect. Although it is true that nurses must pass the NCLEX examination to obtain a license to practice nursing, this is not the main reason why recent polls show nursing to be one of the most trusted professions. 8. The main purpose of the NCLEX examination is which of the following? A. Ensure individuals have passed nursing classes. B. Provide assurance that the nursing schools are part of the service agency. C. Enable potential students to determine the best nursing schools. D. Ensure the safety of the public. ANS: D Page: 6 Feedback A. This is incorrect. Transcripts, and not the NCLEX, demonstrate that individuals have passed nursing classes. B. This is incorrect. Nightingale considered schools of nursing to be educational institutions, not part of a service agency. This is not the purpose of the NCLEX examination. C. This is incorrect. The purpose of the NCLEX is not to rate schools of nursing, but to ensure the safety of the public. D. This is correct. The purpose of the NCLEX examination is to ensure the safety of the public by establishing a minimum standard to indicate that an individual has the knowledge and skills necessary to practice nursing safely and effectively. 9. A recent nursing school graduate is preparing to take the NCLEX. The graduate knows which of the following is true? A. Upon graduation from nursing school, she can use the title RN. B. Because the NCLEX is a national examination, her RN license will allow her to practice in all states and territories of the United States. C. If her home state participates in the compact agreement, she may practice in other states participating in the agreement, but should renew her license in her home state. D. The RN license is a permissive license. ANS: C Page: 6 Feedback A. This is incorrect. The title RN may only be used after the graduate has obtained an RN license. B. This is incorrect. State boards of nursing issue licenses for their state. Although some states have joined together to form a “compact,” it may be necessary to obtain a license from another state if she wishes to practice in that other state. C. This is correct. The state in which the nurse lives is considered her home state. Although the nurse may practice nursing in other states participating in the compact, she should renew her RN license in her home state. D. This is incorrect. The RN license is mandatory, meaning that a license is required for practice. 10. The Social Security Act of 1935 impacted public health nursing because it contained provisions for care for which of the following vulnerable populations? A. Disabled children B. Mentally disabled C. Older adults D. Opioid addicts ANS: A Page: 7 Feedback A. This is correct. The Social Security Act of 1935 strengthened public health services, particularly for dependent mothers and children, the blind, and disabled children. B. This is incorrect. The Social Security Act of 1935 did not focus on mentally disabled individuals. C. This is incorrect. Amendments to the Social Security Act provided access for older adults. D. This is incorrect. The Social Security Act of 1935 did not provide care for opioid addicts. 11. The decades between the 1960s and 1980s brought about many changes in nursing. Which of the following is a reason for advances in nursing? A. Decreased demand for health care B. Development of specialty care disciplines C. Gender discrimination D. Advances in technology leading to more generalized care ANS: B Page: 7 Feedback A. This is incorrect. A demand for increased access to health care resulted in the creation of the advanced practice role for nurses to meet the primary health -care needs of the public. B. This is correct. Specialty care disciplines developed because of advances in intensive care, neurosurgical techniques, and cardiothoracic surgery. C. This is incorrect. Gender discrimination did not advance the profession of nursing. In 1964, the Civil Rights Act prohibited gender discrimination in the workplace. D. This is incorrect. Advances in technology led to the creation of specialty care disciplines. 12. Which of the following is a challenge the profession of nursing faced? A. Because of fear, nursing contributed to the stigma of AIDS in the 1980s. B. During the Korean War, nursing practice grew in field hospitals where supplies and equipment were abundant. C. After the Vietnam War, many nurses were frustrated with the lack of independent functioning of nurses when they returned home. D. Ethical dilemmas led to a decline in the number of hospice nurses. ANS: C Page: 8 Feedback A. This is incorrect. Nursing was instrumental in public education about AIDS and caring for infected individuals. B. This is incorrect. During the Korean War, nurses often cared for those at or near the front lines, where they lacked necessary supplies and equipment. C. This is correct. During the Vietnam War, many nurses functioned independently in mobile hospital units performing lifesaving procedures for wounded soldiers. Many felt restricted by the lack of independent practice when they returned home. D. This is incorrect. Increased use of life support systems led to ethical dilemmas in critical care areas and a growing support for hospice nurses. Because of renewed interest in hospice nursing, the numbers increased. 13. A nurse supervisor is planning an educational session for her staff regarding improving teamwork among different generations. Which of the following recommendations will reduce potential genera tional conflicts? A. Involve only millennials in technology decisions. B. Focus on the team as a whole, rather than individual generations. C. Involve only the baby boomers in technology decisions. D. Practice active and assertive communication techniques. ANS: D Page: 9 Feedback A. This is incorrect. Although millennials are often more comfortable with technology, it is essential to involve all generations in technology decisions. B. This is incorrect. Each generation has a core set of values that must be taken into consideration for the team to function cohesively. C. This is incorrect. All generations should be involved in technology decisions. D. This is correct. Active and assertive communication will assist each generation to value the others’ skills and perspectives. 14. Which of the following is a reason for increasing the use of advanced practice nurses? A. A 2010 Institute of Medicine report encouraged nurses to practice to the full extent of their education. B. Advanced practice nurses serve as an extension of physicians. C. The National League for Nursing promotes the master of science in nursing (MSN) as the terminal degree for nurse practitioners. D. Advanced practice nurses do not have the skills to diagnose. ANS: A Page: 9 Feedback A. This is correct. A 2010 Institute of Medicine report stated nurses should be allowed to practice to the full extent of their education. B. This is incorrect. Advanced practice nurses are board certified and licensed in the states in which they practice. They practice according to their own license, and are not extensions of physicians. C. This is incorrect. The National League for Nursing and the American Association of Critical Care Nurses both promote the doctorate of nursing practice (DNP) as the terminal degree for nurse practitioners. D. This is incorrect. Advanced practice nurses are qualified to diagnose and treat certain conditions. 15. Which of the following is a reason for conflicts in professional nursing today? A. Some nurses who had planned to retire but find themselves forced to continue working because of the current economic situation B. Balancing state practice acts, codes of ethics, and standards of practice C. Advances in technology D. Multiple generations in the workforce ANS: D Page: 9 Feedback A. This is incorrect. Having more experienced nurses on the staff does not directly cause conflict. B. This is incorrect. State practice acts, codes of ethics, and standards of practice guide professional behavior. C. This is incorrect. Technological advances do not directly cause conflict in professional nursing, but they are a reason for nurses to be lifelong learners. D. This is correct. Multiple generations in the workforce today with multiple viewpoints can lead to conflict. Chapter 2: Professional Ethics and Values 1. Which of the following best describes the ethical concept of values? A. Values are an individual’s feelings about situations. B. Values are learned through family systems. C. Values are organized ways of thinking about the meaning of life. D. Values determine the rightness or wrongness of behavior. Answer: 2. Which of the following best describes intrinsic values? A. Intrinsic values are often abstract ideas. B. Intrinsic values are basic needs for sustaining life. C. Intrinsic values are qualities patients consider to be important in their private lives. D. Intrinsic values are qualities patients consider important for nurses to have. Answer: 3. Values are learned through which of the following methods? A. Reading books B. Formal degrees C. Continuous reinforcement D. Meeting diverse individuals Answer: 4. Which of the following statements about ethical principles and laws is true? A. The government holds the power to enforce ethics. B. Laws provide standards that assist in decision making. C. Ethics are very specific. D. As a standard for measuring actions, ethical principles may be the basis for laws. Answer: 5. A registered nurse (RN) is caring for a patient who is one of Jehovah’s Witnesses and has refused a blood transfusion even though her hemoglobin is dangerously low. After providing information about all the alternatives available and risks and benefits of each, the health -care provider allows the patient to determine which course of treatment she would prefer. The RN knows this is an example of which ethical principle? A. Autonomy B. Nonmaleficence C. Beneficence D. Distributive justice Answer: 6. An RN cared for a state senator during the day shift. Later that day he was having dinner with friends when the news mentioned the senator had been hospitalized. The RN’s friends asked if he knew what was wrong with the senator. Which ethical principle should the RN consider when replying? A. Fidelity B. Confidentiality C. Veracity D. Accountability Answer: 7. When considering virtue ethics, which of the following is true? A. Virtue ethics attributes behaviors to moral rules. B. Virtue ethics attributes behaviors to knowledge of consequences. C. Virtue ethics focuses on moral character, rather than rules for behavior. D. Virtue ethics is a formal statement of rules for behavior. Answer: 8. Which of the following statements is true regarding nursing ethics? A. Nursing ethics focus on the organizational level at the workplace. B. Nursing ethics focus on the duties and rules of behavior for professional nurses. C. Nursing ethics focus on the moral character of nurses. D. Nursing ethics focus on the experiences and needs of nurses. Answer: 9. A recent ethical issue has resulted in uneasiness and discomfort for several nurses on a unit. The unit manager has decided to discuss the issues at the next team meeting. The situation has resulted in which of the following for some of the nurses? A. Moral suffering B. Moral distress C. Ethical dilemma D. Veracity Answer: 10. An RN’s current patient and family have presented her with an ethical dilemma. What is the first step the RN should take to find a workable solution to the problem? A. Planning B. Assessment C. Evaluation D. Implementation Answer: 11. An RN is working through an ethical dilemma involving a patient on his unit. He has just identified the decision makers involved. Which step best describes the current stage the RN is working through? A. Assessment B. Diagnosis C. Planning D. Implementation Answer: 12. An RN knows that sometimes, when working through an ethical dilemma, the decision makers are unable to arrive at a mutually agreed upon decision. Which of the following is a reason why an agreement cannot be reached? A. One or more of the parties may be able to reconcile their values. B. The patient’s point of view is recognized as valuable. C. The dilemma involves two or more equally unpleasant choices. D. The institution is unable to honor the patient’s request. Answer: 13. An RN recognizes which of the following as a primary goal of nursing? A. Assist patients to achieve a peaceful death. B. Improve personal knowledge and skill in order to improve patient outcomes. C. Advocate for quality of life over quantity of life. D. Work to control costs so that patients can live the best quality of life possible. Answer: 14. Although technology has seen many advances, which two ethical principles may be in conflict because of technology? A. Beneficence and justice B. Beneficence and nonmaleficence C. Beneficence and veracity D. Beneficence and confidentiality Answer: 15. A unit director at a local hospital knows even leadership may face ethical dilemmas. Which of the following should the director take into consideration when dealing with an employee who is incompetent? A. The situation should be tolerated for as long as possible because of the amount of time and paperwork required to terminate an incompetent nurse. B. Incompetence only impacts the individual nurse. C. The director should follow her institution’s formal process for reporting and handling practices that jeopardize patient safety. D. Most nurse practice acts direct how to handle incompetent nurses. Answer: Chapter 2: Professional Ethics and Values—Answers and Rationales 1. Which of the following best describes the ethical concept of values? A. Values are an individual’s feelings about situations. B. Values are learned through family systems. C. Values are organized ways of thinking about the meaning of life. D. Values determine the rightness or wrongness of behavior. ANS: A Page: 15 Feedback A. This is correct. Values are how individuals feel about ideas, situations, and concepts. B. This is incorrect. Morals, springing from an individual’s conscience, are learned through family systems, instruction, and socialization. C. This is incorrect. Belief systems are organized ways of thinking about why people exist. D. This is incorrect. Ethics deal with the rightness or wrongness of human behavior. 2. Which of the following best describes intrinsic values? A. Intrinsic values are often abstract ideas. B. Intrinsic values are basic needs for sustaining life. C. Intrinsic values are qualities patients consider to be important in their private lives. D. Intrinsic values are qualities patients consider important for nurses to have. ANS: B Page: 15 Feedback A. This is incorrect. Extrinsic values are not essential to sustaining life and may include physical or abstract objects or meanings. B. This is correct. Intrinsic values are related to sustaining life, such as food and water. C. This is incorrect. Personal values are qualities people consider important in their private lives. D. This is incorrect. Professional values are qualities a professional group consider to be important. 3. Values are learned through which of the following methods? A. Reading books B. Formal degrees C. Continuous reinforcement D. Meeting diverse individuals ANS: C Page: 16 Feedback A. This is incorrect. Values can be taught directly through societal norms, not through reading books. B. This is incorrect. Values can be taught directly though modeling behavior, not through formal degrees. C. This is correct. Children learn values through continuous reinforcement by watching their parents, friends, teachers, and religious leaders. D. This is incorrect. Values are learned through continuous reinforcement, and not through meeting diverse individuals. 4. Which of the following statements about ethical principles and laws is true? A. The government holds the power to enforce ethics. B. Laws provide standards that assist in decision making. C. Ethics are very specific. D. As a standard for measuring actions, ethical principles may be the basis for laws. ANS: D Page: 18 Feedback A. This is incorrect. The government holds the power to enforce laws. B. This is incorrect. Ethics provide standards for measuring actions, and therefore assist in decision making. C. This is incorrect. Laws are more specific than ethics. D. This is correct. Ethical principles are a standard for measuring actions. They may form the basis for laws, but are not laws themselves. 5. A registered nurse (RN) is caring for a patient who is one of Jehovah’s Witnesses and has refused a blood transfusion even though her hemoglobin is dangerously low. After providing information about all the alternatives available and risks and benefits of each, the health -care provider allows the patient to determine which course of treatment she would prefer. The RN knows this is an example of which ethical principle? A. Autonomy B. Nonmaleficence C. Beneficence D. Distributive justice ANS: A Page: 19 Feedback A. This is correct. Autonomy is an individual’s right to make his or her own decisions. B. This is incorrect. Nonmaleficence is the responsibility of the nurse to do no harm either intentionally or unintentionally and to protect those who cannot protect themselves. C. This is incorrect. Beneficence is the principle of doing good to others. D. This is incorrect. Distributive justice is the responsibility to fairly allocate scarce resources regardless of gender, sexual orientation, religion, ethnicity, disease, social standing, or any other criteria. 6. An RN cared for a state senator during the day shift. Later that day he was having dinner with friends when the news mentioned the senator had been hospitalized. The RN’s friends asked if he knew what was wrong with the senator. Which ethical principle should the RN consider when replying? A. Fidelity B. Confidentiality C. Veracity D. Accountability ANS: B Page: 21 Feedback A. This is incorrect. The principle of fidelity requires nurses to fulfill all commitments they make and all responsibilities of professional practice. B. This is correct. The principle of confidentiality requires nurses to hold health - care information and anything patients tell them in the strictest confidence. C. This is incorrect. The principle of veracity requires nurses to be truthful. D. This is incorrect. The principle of accountability requires nurses to accept responsibility for their own answers. 7. When considering virtue ethics, which of the following is true? A. Virtue ethics attributes behaviors to moral rules. B. Virtue ethics attributes behaviors to knowledge of consequences. C. Virtue ethics focuses on moral character, rather than rules for behavior. D. Virtue ethics is a formal statement of rules for behavior. ANS: C Page: 23 Feedback A. This is incorrect. Deontology attributes behaviors to moral rules and duties. B. This is incorrect. Teleological theories derive rules for behavior from the consequences of the action. C. This is correct. Virtue ethics focuses on qualities and moral character rather than rules or duties. D. This is incorrect. A code of ethics is a formal statement of rules for ethical behavior. 8. Which of the following statements is true regarding nursing ethics? A. Nursing ethics focus on the organizational level at the workplace. B. Nursing ethics focus on the duties and rules of behavior for professional nurses. C. Nursing ethics focus on the moral character of nurses. D. Nursing ethics focus on the experiences and needs of nurses. ANS: D Page: 23 Feedback A. This is incorrect. Organizational ethics focus on the organizational level at the workplace. B. This is incorrect. Deontology focuses on the duties and rules of behavior. C. This is incorrect. Virtue ethics focus on virtues and moral character. D. This is correct. Nursing ethics not only focus on the experiences and needs of nurses, but also on the nurses’ perceptions of these experiences. 9. A recent ethical issue has resulted in uneasiness and discomfort for several nurses on a unit. The unit manager has decided to discuss the issues at the next team meeting. The situation has resulted in which of the following for some of the nurses? A. Moral suffering B. Moral distress C. Ethical dilemma D. Veracity ANS: A Page: 24 Feedback A. This is correct. Moral suffering occurs when a situation results in a feeling of uneasiness or concern because of behaviors or circumstances that challenge one’s own morals and beliefs. B. This is incorrect. Moral distress occurs when nurses know the action they should take, but are unable to take that action. C. This is incorrect. An ethical dilemma occurs when a situation forces a nurse to choose between two ethical principles. D. This is incorrect. Veracity is an ethical principle that requires nurses to be truthful. 10. An RN’s current patient and family have presented her with an ethical dilemma. What is the first step the RN should take to find a workable solution to the problem? A. Planning B. Assessment C. Evaluation D. Implementation ANS: B Page: 26 Feedback A. This is incorrect. Planning occurs after all relevant information is collected. Planning involves establishing goals, identifying decision makers, and reviewing all options. B. This is correct. The nursing process can be used to find a solution to an ethical dilemma. The first step is assessment and identification of the problem. C. This is incorrect. Evaluation is the last step of the nursing process, requiring nurses to evaluate the outcomes of the decision made. D. This is incorrect. Implementation is the mutually acceptable plan of action that decision makers agree upon. 11. An RN is working through an ethical dilemma involving a patient on his unit. He has just identified the decision makers involved. Which step best describes the current stage the RN is working through? A. Assessment B. Diagnosis C. Planning D. Implementation ANS: C Page: 26 Feedback A. This is incorrect. Assessment occurs as nurses collect all necessary information about an ethical dilemma. B. This is incorrect. Nursing diagnosis is not a step in solving ethical dilemmas. C. This is correct. During the planning phase, goals of treatment are established, decision makers are identified, and all options are reviewed. D. This is incorrect. Implementation occurs when all stakeholders arrive at a mutually acceptable decision. 12. An RN knows that sometimes, when working through an ethical dilemma, the decision makers are unable to arrive at a mutually agreed upon decision. Which of the following is a reason why an agreement cannot be reached? A. One or more of the parties may be able to reconcile their values. B. The patient’s point of view is recognized as valuable. C. The dilemma involves two or more equally unpleasant choices. D. The institution is unable to honor the patient’s request. ANS: D Page: 27 Feedback A. This is incorrect. Inability to reconcile belief patterns or values is a reason why a solution to an ethical dilemma may not be reached. B. This is incorrect. If the caregivers do not recognize the worth of the patient’s point of view, a solution to an ethical dilemma may not be found. C. This is incorrect. An ethical dilemma is a situation that involves two or more equally unpleasant choices, but this does not mean that an agreement cannot be reached. D. This is correct. A patient may make a request that is not possible within the institution. When this occurs, a solution may not be possible within the institution and the patient may need to be transferred to a different institution that may be able to honor the request. 13. An RN recognizes which of the following as a primary goal of nursing? A. Assist patients to achieve a peaceful death. B. Improve personal knowledge and skill in order to improve patient outcomes. C. Advocate for quality of life over quantity of life. D. Work to control costs so that patients can live the best quality of life possible. ANS: A Page: 28 Feedback A. This is correct. The primary goal of nursing is to keep people alive and well, or if this is not possible to at least assist them to live as comfortably as possible and achieve a peaceful death. B. This is incorrect. Improving nursing knowledge and skills assists nurses in achieving their primary goal. C. This is incorrect. Although nurses seek to provide their patients with the best quality of life possible, this is not the primary goal of nursing. D. This is incorrect. Although controlling costs may lead to improved quality of life, this is not the primary goal of nursing. 5. 5. of the following should the director take into consideration when dealing with an employee who is incompetent? 14. Although technology has seen many advances, which two ethical principles may be in conflict because of technology? A. Beneficence and justice B. Beneficence and nonmaleficence C. Beneficence and veracity D. Beneficence and confidentiality ANS: B Page: 29 Feedback A. This is incorrect. The principle of justice requires nurses to treat all patients the same. Technology usually does not cause dilemmas between beneficence and justice. B. This is correct. Beneficence is the principle of doing good to benefit others. Nonmaleficence is the principle of doing no harm to others. Technological advances can cause the principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence to develop into an ethical dilemma. C. This is incorrect. Veracity is the ethical principle that requires nurses to tell the truth. Technology usually does not cause dilemmas between beneficence and veracity. D. This is incorrect. Confidentiality is the ethical principle requiring nurses to hold their patient’s statements in the strictest confidence. Technology usually does not cause dilemmas between beneficence and confidentiality. 15. 15. A. The situation should be tolerated for as long as possible because of the amount of time and paperwork required to terminate an incompetent nurse. B. Incompetence only impacts the individual nurse. C. The director should follow her institution’s formal process for reporting and handling practices that jeopardize patient safety. D. Most nurse practice acts direct how to handle incompetent nurses. ANS: C Page: 30 Feedback A. This is incorrect. Although following regulations may require time and effort, patient safety is the top priority. B. This is incorrect. Incompetence can place patients and the entire staff at risk. C. This is correct. Incompetence jeopardizes patient safety. Therefore, the formal process 1A unit director at a local hospital knows even leadership may face ethical dilemmas. Which for handling these practices should be followed. D. This is incorrect. Most nurse practice acts direct the reporting of impaired nurses, but do not address incompetence. lOM oAR c P S D | 1138 710 9 Test Bank, Chapter 3 Weiss, Essentials of Nursing Leadership and Management, 7e Page 1 of 12 Chapter 3: Nursing Practice and the Law 1. Which of the following laws govern nursing practice? A. Statutory laws B. Common laws C. Administrative laws D. Constitutional laws Answer: 2. Which of the following categories does a violation of the nurse practice act fall under? A. Juvenile B. Felony C. Misdemeanor D. Tort Answer: 3. A registered nurse (RN) administered a patient’s morning insulin as the breakfast tray arrived at 0800. The RN performed a complete assessment at the same time. Then, the RN got busy with her other patients and did not check on the patient until 1400. At that time, she found the patient unresponsive with a blood glucose of 23. Both the breakfast and lunch tray were at the bedside untouched. Which of the following could the RN be charged with? A. Quasi -intentional tort B. Misdemeanor C. Negligence D. Juvenile offense Answer: 4. Which of the following is true of malpractice? A. Malpractice occurs when a professional shares information about a patient that could damage that patient’s reputation. B. Malpractice is a serious criminal offense. C. Malpractice is a minor criminal offense. D. Malpractice is a negligent act by an individual whose duties require specialized education. Answer: 5. An RN comes upon a serious motor vehicle accident that has just occurred and no first responders are on the scene. One car has been flipped upside down and she can see the driver