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lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 TEST BANK FOR MICRO OB EMPLOYMENT LAW ALL CHAPTERS LAMBTON COLLGE OF APPLIED ARTS lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 CHAPTER 1—ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND OPPORTUNITY MULTI PLE CHOICE 1. What is involved in the study of organizational behavior ? a. psychosocial actions, individual behavior , and organizational structure b. psychosocial actions, interpersonal behavior , and group processes c. interpersonal behavior , group dynamics in organizations, and work design d. individual behavior , the structure of the organization, and group processes ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Remember 2. Which topic area studies individual behavior and group dynamics in organizational settings? a. organ izational development b. organization theory c. organizational behavior d. organization design ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Remember 3. What are the “clockworks” and “snake pit” metaphors illustrating about organizations? a. the orderly idealized view of organizational behavior b. the view of the organization versus the view of the individual c. the conflicts, stress, and struggles in organizations d. the confusion of the work in organizations ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 3 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Higher Order 4. Which is an exam ple of the snake pit metaphor or the “dark side”? a. a rational, logical approach to work b. working in teams c. workplace violence d. human behavior in times of change ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Higher Order 5. Psychology is the study of the science of human behavior . What discipline is sociology the science of? a. social circumstances b. individuals c. society d. environmental forces ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Higher Order lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 6. Which independent discipline evolved from the disciplines of psychology, sociology, engineering, anthropology, management, and medicine? a. organizational understanding b. organizational perspective c. organizational behavior d. organizational research ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Remember 7. The internal perspective of human behavior has resulted in a range of motivational theories. What does this perspective imply? a. similarity among individuals b. conflict among individuals c. individuals are best understood by external forces d. individuals are best understood from inside ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Higher Order 8. A manager states that Cheryl is an outstanding employee because she has a high need for achievement. What perspective is the manager using to explain Cheryl’s behavior ? a. cultural b. internal c. interactive d. external ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Higher Order 9. Why did Katz, Kahn, and Leavitt establish the open system framework? a. to better understand organizations b. to better understand the individual c. to better understand individual behavior and group processes d. to better understand the structural dimensions of organizations ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Remember 10. Which statement best captures Kurt Lewin’s explanation for human behavior ? a. It is a function of the individual personality and preferences for leadership style. b. It is a function of culture and the systemic properties of the organization. c. It is a function of the consequences of compliant and deviant behavior within social groups. d. It is a function of the person and the environment. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Remember lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 11. Which discipline includes human behaviour? a. engineering b. psychology c. anthropology d. sociology ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Remember 12. Which discipline includes culture and the study of learned behaviour? a. psycholog y b. management c. anthropology d. sociology ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 5 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Remember 13. Which discipline focuses on performance standards to shape goal-setting practices? a. anthropology b. engineering c. sociology d. psychology ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 5 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Remember 14. Which discipline supports organizational behaviour in our understanding of the cultural implications of organizations? a. psychology b. medicine c. anthropology d. sociology ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 5 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Higher Order 15. Which discipline demonstr ated that the modern corporation could be considered a unit of analysis, emphasizing design, implementation, and the coordination of administrative and organization systems? a. psychology b. management c. anthropology d. sociology ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 5 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Higher Order lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 16. What distinguishes medicine from psychology? a. the study of the individual b. the study of society c. health and wellness programs d. the study of design ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 5 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Higher Order 17. How does the discipline of organizatio nal behaviour distinguish itself from other disciplines? a. by emphasizing absolutes b. by emphasizing the situation c. by emphasizing the organization d. by emphasizing the organizational system ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 5 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Higher Order 18. Which behaviour is supported by having a positive attitude, asking questions, listening to the answers, and being committed to success? a. change b. denial c. supportive d. internal ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 OBJ: LO2 BLM: Remember 19. Dorian has started a cultural shift at his organiz ation in quality processes. Which type of reaction will he most likely face in the early stages? a. rigid and reactive b. open and responsive c. angry and defiant d. emotional and reactive ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 5 OBJ: LO2 BLM: Higher Order 20. Where does organization al behaviour occur? a. the group context b. the organizational context c. the external environment context d. the individual context ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Remember lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 21. When contrasting Six Sigma to TQM, executive ownership in Six Sigma can be compared to TQM’s self - directed work teams. What element of TQM can be compared to Six Sigma’s business results oriented philosophy? a. cross -functional b. quality oriented c. self-directed d. quality initiated ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 11 OBJ: LO6 BLM: Remember 22. During a learning activity, mastery of basic objective knowledge takes place. What will happen next? a. development of specific skills and abilities b. application of knowledge and skills c. remembering of basic objective knowledge d. memorization ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 13 OBJ: LO7 BLM: Higher Order 23. Where is an organization’s task reflected? a. input materials b. structure c. human resources d. mission or purpose ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Remember 24. What converts inputs to outputs in an open system? a. task structure b. robots c. technology d. borrowed financial resources ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Remember 25. What represents the core technology of a post -secondary educational institution? a. library, laboratories, classrooms, and computer equipment b. registration and billing systems c. athletic programs d. student brain power ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Higher Order lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 26. Starbucks Canada is the main competitor to Tim Hortons. What part of an organization does this represent? a. labour market b. transformation technology c. external task environment d. formal structure ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 7 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Higher Order 27. What is the term for using a wide range of tools, knowledge, and/or techniques to transform inputs into outputs? a. task environment b. structure c. technology d. mission ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 6 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Remember 28. What is the term for an organization’s suppliers, customers, and regulatory agencies? a. market b. general environment c. task environment d. political economy ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 7 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Remember 29. What is represented by the hiring of new staff and the purchase of material? a. outputs b. throughputs c. inputs d. transformations ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 7 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Higher Order 30. What is best reflected by beliefs and assumptions about people, work, and the organization? a. social surface b. informal organization c. overt organization d. formal organization ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 8 OBJ: LO4 BLM: Remember lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 31. Which of the following is an example of a covert organization? a. a friendship/relationship between two employees b. a job descriptio n c. a hierarchical superior –subordinate authority relationship d. a workflow sequence between two departments ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 8 OBJ: LO4 BLM: Higher Order 32. What did the Hawthorne Studies uncover? a. viewing an organization as clockworks b. the importance of the informal organization and its impact on productivity c. delegating authority downward and throughout the organization d. the workflow and scheduling of work for production efficiency ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 8 OBJ: LO4 BLM: Remember 33. What is the foundation of the Canadian economy? a. goods sector b. manufacturing sector c. foreign trade d. domestic trade ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 9 OBJ: LO5 BLM: Remember 34. What change force is demonstrated by the arrival of the retail store Target to Canada? a. process management b. politics c. global competition d. quality ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 9 OBJ: LO6 BLM: Higher Order 35. What are the four challenges related to change for managers in contemporary organizations? a. globalization, technology, religiosity, and ethics b. globalization, workforce divers ity, ethics and character, and technology c. globalization, demography, diversity, and ethics d. globalization, technology, diversity, and employee attitudes ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 9 OBJ: LO6 BLM: Remember 36. Which organization recently went on record to the public stating that it lost focus and stopped listening to its customers? a. General Motors b. Enron c. Fannie Mae d. Toyota ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 10 OBJ: LO6 lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 BLM: Remember 37. What must organizations respond to for success in global competition? a. changes in informatio n technology b. changes in wage structure c. changes in demography d. ethnic, religious, and gender diversity ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 9 OBJ: LO6 BLM: Higher Order 38. What is a significant aspect of total quality management (TQM)? a. the use of computers b. employee -drive n suggestion systems c. continuous improvement and attention to customer needs d. the suboptimization of resource allocation ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 11 OBJ: LO6 BLM: Remember 39. Company XYZ uses quantitative data to predict cost savings. Which approach to qualit y management is company XYZ using? a. the Shanin system b. Six Sigma c. TQM d. Taguchi’s method ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 11 OBJ: LO6 BLM: Higher Order 40. Which of the following applies to the Six Sigma philosophy for companywide quality improvement? a. improving quality within the outsourcing process b. decision making based on qualitative data c. customer -driven approach d. decreased inputs ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 11 OBJ: LO6 BLM: Higher Order 41. Which statement best applies to total quality management (TQM)? a. Quality is machine driven with quality improvements resulting from use of robotic equipment. b. Quality is an employee -oriented philosophy required by quality engineers. c. Quality is the responsibility of specialists who randomly perform quality checks on items as they leave the as sembly line. d. Quality is a customer -oriented philosophy with important implications for virtually all aspects of organizational behaviour. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 11 OBJ: LO6 BLM: Remember lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 42. Managing organizational behaviour in a turbulent environment is challenging. Globalization, workforce diversity, and technological innovation are three factors that contribute to this challenge. What is the fourth factor? a. job analysis b. employee compensation c. customer satisfaction d. moral and ethical behaviour ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 12 OBJ: LO6 BLM: Remember 43. Martha uses her knowledge of organizational behaviour principles at work. What is she demonstrating? a. learning b. skill development c. subjective knowledge d. essential skills ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 12 OBJ: LO7 BLM: Higher O rder 44. Alex told his supervisor about the inconsistencies between the new product and the old. What is he demonstrating? a. critical thinking b. job performance c. subjective knowledge d. organizational reality ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 13 OBJ: LO7 BLM: Higher Order 45. How is objective knowledge developed in any field of study? a. through basic and applied research b. through past practices and training c. through experience d. through a review of the relevant literature ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 13 OBJ: LO7 BLM: Remember 46. What is an important advantage of the application of knowledge and skills for understanding organizational behaviour? a. experiential learning b. rote memorization c. imitating others d. reading ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 14 OBJ: LO7 BLM: Remember lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 47. What is the relationship betwe en abductive reasoning and design thinking? a. passively accepting the direction of others with more knowledge b. designing a new solution without relying on the past c. designing a solution that uses critical thinking and a process orientation d. not experimenting with new ideas and information ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 15 OBJ: LO8 BLM: Higher Order 48. The Human Resource Manager of the organization considers certain skills necessary to be successful. Which skills is she/he looking for in new employees? a. resource manageme nt, oral communication, computer use, and numeracy b. resource management, thinking skills, computer skills, and oral communication c. thinking skills, computer and document use, and oral communication d. resource management, reading mathematics, communication, and critical thinking ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 13 OBJ: LO7 BLM: Higher Order 49. What makes developing skills different from acquiring objective knowledge? a. structured practice and feedback b. deduction c. empirical testing d. induction ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 13 OBJ: LO7 BLM: Remember CHAPTER 2—ORGANIZATIONAL CHALLENGES FOR INDIVIDUALS MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. What was the original term used to describe transnational organizations? a. transglobal b. international c. multinational d. globalized ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 18 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Remember 2. When Dieter travels from his home in Europe to visit his daughter in Canada, he does not recognize the road signs. What is Dieter experiencing? a. language differences b. microcultural differences c. language interpretation d. educational differences ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 19 OBJ: LO1 lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 BLM: Higher Order 3. Which of the following best describes a transnational organization? a. the global and national interests are linked in an overriding perspective b. a prevalent ethnic viewpoint beg ins to be held strongly in the consciousness of managers c. the organization’s nationality is held strongly in the consciousness of managers even though the organization competes on a global scale d. the global viewpoint supersedes national issues ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 18 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Remember 4. Xuang Lee uses personal connections to help his son obtain a job. What practice is he engaging in? a. favouritism b. NAFTA c. perestroika d. guanxi ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 18 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Higher Order 5. What would be the most effective way to launch a KFC franchise in China? a. develop an alliance with another Asian KFC franchise, such as in Japan or Taiwan, and share the risk in China b. develop a consortium of Western and Asian entrepreneurs to begin the KFC franchise in China c. devel op a joint venture with government bodies in China d. develop a relationship with a broker in Singapore to identify sources for Asian venture capital ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 18 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Remember 6. Which of the following countries is associated with lowe r labour costs for organizations? a. Canada b. United States c. Mexico d. Italy ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 18 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Remember 7. According to Hofstede, who most likely exhibits low power distance, short -term orientation, and individualism? a. South American employees b. Japanese employers c. North American managers d. managers in the European Union ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 21 -22 OBJ: LO2 BLM: Higher Order 8. What is the key finding of Hofstede’s research? lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 a. Age explains the majority of differences in generational attitudes. b. Gend er explains the majority of differences in work -related attitudes between countries. c. National culture explains the majority of differences in work -related attitudes between countries. d. The selected profession explains the majority of differences in work -related attitudes between countries. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 19 OBJ: LO2 BLM: Remember 9. According to Hofstede’s cross -cultural research, what quality is most valued by Japanese managers? a. individualism b. a short time perspective c. group loyalty and unity d. high risk taking ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 21 OBJ: LO2 BLM: Remember 10. Which idea is in doubt based on Hofstede’s work? a. the use of masculinity versus femininity as an orientation that has cultural variation b. the ability of cross -cultural attitudes to predict job-related attitudes in other countries c. the universal applicability of North American management theories in other countries d. the use of time as an orientation that differs across cultures and countries ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: pp. 21 -22 OBJ: LO2 BLM: Higher Order lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 11. Zack believes in promoting the best individuals, and gives monthly awards to those employees who have achieved the most for the company. What is Zack promoting? a. high uncertainty avoidance b. consensus decision making c. individualism d. low risk taking ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 21 OBJ: LO2 BLM: Higher Order 12. What is an expatriate manager? a. one who has left a transnational organization to work for a competitor b. one who works in a foreign -owned company within his or her own country c. one who has given his or her allegia nce to a transnational organization over a more national/domestic perspective d. one who works in a country other than his or her home country ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 19 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Remember 13. According to the textbook’s Business Guide to Cultural Differen ces, which characteristic is similar for Japan and Mexico? a. appointments b. dress c. gifts d. negotiations ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 20 OBJ: LO2 BLM: Remember 14. According to the textbook’s Business Guide to Cultural Differences, in which culture is a small gift gener ally appreciated as a gesture of goodwill? a. Mexico b. Canada c. Saudi Arabia d. Japan ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 20 OBJ: LO2 BLM: Remember 15. Which circumstance best describes the act of negotiating with a Mexican organization? a. Women on your negotiation team must wear long pants. b. You must make an appointment before the meeting. c. Business cards should be exchanged at the onset of the meeting. d. Members of the Mexican organization will favour saying “maybe” when meaning “no”. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 20 OBJ: LO2 BLM: Rememb er lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 16. What is essential according to Japanese business culture? a. punctuality b. directness c. shaking hands d. making an appointment ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 20 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Remember 17. Tina always uses her boss’s title when introducing him, and behaves in a formal ma nner. What does she exhibit? a. gender diversity b. collectivism c. power distance d. socialism ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 21 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Higher Order 18. Your goal as manager is to increase employees’ sensitivity to cultural differences among people within your organiz ation. Which of the following would help you achieve your goal? a. requiring a time orientation with high uncertainty avoidance b. encouraging employees to work as individuals c. forming teams based on cultural similarities d. cross -cultural task forces or teams ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 22 OBJ: LO2 BLM: Higher Order 19. What part of an organization is most significantly affected by the globalization of business? a. human resource management b. marketing c. management information systems d. operations ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 22 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Remember 20. There have been significant demographic changes in the Canadian workplace. What has this resulted in? a. increasing diversity b. decreasing diversity c. increased legislation d. the opportunity for use of lower -cost labour in other countries ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 22 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Higher Order lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 21. What is the relationship between foreign -born persons in the United States and foreign -born persons in Canada? a. The United States has a greater number of foreign -born persons. b. The United States foreign -born persons are growing five times faster than in Canada. c. Canada and the United States have very similar numbers of foreign -born persons. d. Canada has a greater number of foreign -born persons. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 23 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Remember 22. Which of the following is considered a risk in the globalization of business? a. diversity must be a key strategy b. families will not be left intact c. values will begin to erode d. prejudices may prevent managers and employees from having cooperative interactions ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 24 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Higher Order 23. According to the textbook, which Canadian province has the highest percentage of East and Southeast Asian immigrants? a. British Columbia b. Ontario c. Alberta d. Manitoba ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 24 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Higher Order 24. According to the textbook, what part of Canada has the highest percentage of Aboriginal people? a. Central Canada b. Eastern Canada c. Western Canada d. Northern Canada ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 24 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Higher Order 25. Which statement applies to gender divers ity? a. Men have recently experienced the glass ceiling barrier. b. Women continue to earn less than men. c. Both men and women share equally in the care for elderly parents. d. Men are favourably predisposed to share in domestic responsibilities. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 25 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Remember lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 26. Which statement best summarizes age diversity in Canada? a. Middle -aged adults are increasing in number while seniors are decreasing. b. Seniors are increasing in number while children and youth are decreasing. c. Youth are increasi ng in number. d. Children and youth are increasing in number while seniors are decreasing. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 25 -26 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Higher Order 27. Why is there a job crunch among middle -aged workers? a. increased workforce b. decreased workforce c. organizations are growing globally d. companies are getting flatter organizations ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 26 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Remember 28. What term describes individuals born between 1965 and 1976? a. baby boomers b. Generation Y c. swing generation d. Generation X ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 26 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Remember 29. Zainab is impatient, wants short -term gratification, and puts family before work. What generation of workers does she most likely represent? a. silent generation b. baby busters c. baby boomers d. millenials ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 26 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Higher Order 30. What generation of workers strives for moral rights and takes a more activist position on employee rights? a. baby boomers b. silent generation c. generation X d. generation Y ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 26 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Remember lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 31. A manufactur er of products for outdoor enthusiasts offers flextime and the opportunity to take up to four months in unpaid leaves of absence. What generation would find this type of organization most appealing? a. millenials b. baby busters c. baby boomers d. baby boomlets ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 26 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Higher Order 32. What is a common outcome when younger workers and older workers complete projects together? a. a reduction in the younger workers’ negative beliefs about older workers b. an increase in the younger workers’ resentment towards older workers c. younger workers need greater motivation d. an increase in conflict ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 26 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Higher Order 33. When were members of Generation Y born? a. 1930 –1945 b. 1946 –1964 c. 1965 –1976 d. 1977 –1999 ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 26 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Higher Order 34. What is the purpose of McJOBS? a. to increase the number of workers in Canadian organizations b. to recruit, train, and retain individuals with disabilities at McDonalds c. to recruit, train, and retain all individuals who work at McDonalds d. to recruit the best and brightest for positions at McDonalds ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 26 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Remember 35. What is the major difference between prejudice and discrimination? a. Discrimination has more of an impact on productivity than prejudice. b. Prejudice refers to an attitude and discrimination refers to behaviour. c. Prejudice has more of an impact on productivity than discrimination. d. Prejudice refers to behaviour and discrimination refers to an attitude. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 27 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Remember lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 36. You are the manager of a department with a diverse work group, where white males comprise the largest subgroup. Many of the white males resent having to work alongside female and minority employees who have less seniority and wor k experience but are paid the same. Several conflicts between the white males and other employees have disrupted the workplace. What approach would be most appropriate and effective in dealing with this situation? a. indicate that inappropriate behaviour is not tolerated, and encourage open and frank discussions in a series of meetings b. fire the white male perpetrators c. extend preferential treatment to female and minority employees d. urge female and minority employees to take legal action against those who have caused problems ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 27 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Higher Order 37. What is necessary in order to manage diversity? a. complying with the Canadian Employment Equity Act b. assimilating women and minorities into a dominant male culture c. examining hidden assumpt ions held by employees d. being a good corporate citizen ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 27 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Remember 38. What is a benefit of workplace diversity? a. critical thinking increases as employees must take more time to try to understand what the others are sayin g b. the time increases for making decisions due to cultural variations c. the best people can be hired for the organization d. diversity can lead to reduced communication ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 27 OBJ: LO3 BLM: Higher Order 39. Which of the following includes hone sty, loyalty, sincerity, courage, reliability, trustworthiness, benevolence, sensitivity, and cooperativeness? a. virtues b. humanity c. ethics d. values ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 29 OBJ: LO4 BLM: Remember 40. Kaitlyn wonders if she would make the same decision as her employee if she had been in the same situation. Which theory is this an example of? a. cultural based b. motive based c. consequence based d. rule based ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 28 OBJ: LO4 BLM: Higher Order lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 41. A CEO takes a reduction in salary and bonus as the company struggles with downsizing, layoffs, and staying profitable. What type of justice does this portray? a. compensative b. distributive c. procedural d. ethical ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 30 OBJ: LO5 BLM: Higher Order 42. What theory suggests that right and wrong are determin ed by the consequence of the action and we should maximize the most good for the greatest number of people? a. utilitarianism b. cultural relativism c. rule-based ethics d. universal moralism ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 28 OBJ: LO4 BLM: Remember 43. Which theory do busines s owners most commonly subscribe to? a. consequential ethics b. cultural relativism c. rule-based ethics d. universal moralism ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 28 OBJ: LO4 BLM: Remember 44. What is a main factor contributing to sexual harassment in the workplace? a. minimal public ity b. an equal number of males and females c. a male -dominated environment d. the company’s ability to settle complaints with minimal disruption to the company ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 30 OBJ: LO5 BLM: Higher Order 45. Which of the following is a characteristic of gender harassment? a. promise of job promotions for sexual favours b. demands for sexual favours c. repeated pressures for dates and unwanted touching d. crude comments or sexual jokes and behaviours that convey hostility toward or disparage someone’s gender ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 30 OBJ: LO5 BLM: Higher Order lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 46. What type of sexual harassment involves implicit or explicit demands for sexual favours by threatening negative job-related consequences or promising job-related rewards? a. biased sexual force b. sexual coercion c. gender harassment d. sexual exploitation ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 30 OBJ: LO5 BLM: Remember 47. A female employee is issued a written reprimand when returning late from lunch. A male employee in the same department returns late and is not disciplined. What is thi s issue a question of? a. uniform standards b. sexual harassment c. distributive justice d. procedural justice ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 30 OBJ: LO5 BLM: Higher Order 48. Sahil informed his boss that he believed the cashier was taking money for herself. What has occurred ? a. Sahil believes that there is a lack of procedural justice. b. Sahil believes the cashier is not following the code of ethics for the organization. c. Sahil is concerned about his corporate and social responsibility. d. Sahil has engaged in whistle -blowing. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 31 OBJ: LO5 BLM: Higher Order 49. How are social responsibility and code of ethics similar to each other? a. Both involve an individual who believes there has been a moral wrong. b. Both believe there is an ethical imperative. c. Both subscribe to the character theory of ethics. d. Both require either the individual or the organization to behave ethically. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 31 OBJ: LO5 BLM: Higher Order 50. According to the text, which country leads the world in the use of robotics? a. Japan b. Sweden c. Germany d. United States ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 32 OBJ: LO6 BLM: Remember lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 51. Which of the following factors would have the greatest influence on a Japanese manager considering robotics? a. the long term perspective and resulting effectiveness b. the high cost of installing robotics c. the inflexibility of the robotics d. resistance from labour unions ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 32 OBJ: LO6 BLM: Higher Order 52. A computer system is used in decision making to ensure compliance with accessibility standards. What type of system is being used? a. expert system b. MIS system c. CAD system d. technology system ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 32 OBJ: LO6 BLM: Higher Order 53. What has been the result of the ever -increasing use of the Internet and electronic innovation in the workplace? a. a greater level of respect for the employee b. surveillance of employees is more widespread c. limitation of economic growth in North America d. the ability to appropriate value ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 32 OBJ: LO6 BLM: Remember 54. According to the textbook, what percentage of compute r innovations fail or are abandoned before completion? a. 10 b. 22 c. 42 d. 52 ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 32 OBJ: LO6 BLM: Remember 55. Spiro’s new job has flexibility, allows him to save commuting time a few days each week, and allows him to get his kids to school these mornings. What is Spiro engaging in? a. e-mailing b. using an intranet c. using the Internet d. telecommuting ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 33 OBJ: LO6 BLM: Higher Order lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 56. Larger office facilities are sometimes broken into a network of smaller workplaces that are located close to employees’ homes. What is the term for this type of work arrangement? a. reservations b. cellular offices c. hoteling d. satellite offices ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 33 OBJ: LO6 BLM: Remember 57. Which of the following is characterized by hoteling and satellite offices? a. the digital age b. the “people work everywhere” concept c. the real-time office d. the virtual office ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 33 OBJ: LO6 BLM: Higher Order 58. Sharon modified the technology to adapt it to her team’s needs. What has Sharon done? a. invented the technology b. collaborated with her team c. innovated the technology d. reinvented the technology ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 35 OBJ: LO6 BLM: Higher Order CHAPTER 3—PERSONALITY, PERCEPTION, AND ATTRIBUTION MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. What best exemplifies the ‘P’ of Lewin’s equation? a. the personality of the person b. the resulting behaviour by the person c. the impact of the environment d. the skills and abilities of the person ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 37 -38 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Higher Order 2. Where did the basis for understanding individual differences originate? a. Rogers’s contention that everyone is unique b. Jung’s development of personality archetypes c. Lewin’s contention that behaviour is a function of the person and the environment d. Bandura’s approach to social -cognitive social learning theory ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 37 OBJ: LO1 lOMoAR cPSD|12738273 BLM: Remember 3. What is the term for the way in which factors such as skills, abilities, personalities, perceptions, attitudes, values, and ethics differ from one individual to another? a. variation in traits b. individual differences c. group differences d. personality ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 37 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Remember 4. What does general mental ability indicate? a. a strong correlation with emotional stability b. a strong correlation with extraversion c. a strong correlation with work performance d. a strong correlation with work commitment ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 38 OBJ: LO1 BLM: Higher Order 5. What variables correspond to the integrative approach? a. self-esteem and self-evaluation b. task achievement and positivi ty c. confidence and ability d. disposition and situation ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 39 -40 OBJ: LO2 BLM: Remember