(Test Bank) Aspects Of Medical-Surgical Nursing

Linton, 7

Nursing

Test Bank

7th Edition

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Test Bank for Aspects Of Medical-Surgical Nursing, The downloadable file consists of 480 pages, and the total size of the file is 6.36 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Linton

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Chapter 01: Aspects of Medical-Surgical Nursing Linton: Medical-Surgical Nursing, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. What provides direction for individualized care and assures the delivery of accurate, safe care through a definitive pathway that promotes the client’s and the support persons’ progress toward positive outcomes? a. Physician’s orders b. Progress notes c. Nursing care plan d. Client health history ANS: C The nursing care plan provides direction for indivi dualized care and assures the delivery of accurate, safe care through a definitive pathway th at promotes the client’s and the support persons’ progress toward positive outcomes. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 2 OBJ: 1 TOP: Nursing Care Plan KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of R isk 2. The nurse is performing behaviors and actions that assist clients and significant others in meeting their needs and the identified outcomes of the plan of care. What is the correct term for these nursing behaviors? a. Assessments b. Interventions c. Planning d. Evaluation ANS: B Caring interventions are those nursing behaviors an d actions that assist clients and significant others in meeting their needs and the i dentified outcomes of the plan of care. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 3 OBJ: 1 TOP: Interventions KEY: Nursing Process Step: Pla nning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of R isk 3. The nurse understands the importance of being answe rable for all actions and the possibility of being called on to explain or justif y them. What term best describes this concept? a. Reliability b. Maturity c. Accountability d. Liability ANS: C Accountability means that a person is answerable fo r his or her actions and may be called on to explain or justify them. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: pp. 6-7 OB J: 3 | 5 | 7 NURSINGTOP: Accountability KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/ A MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of R isk MULTIPLE RESPONSE 1. The nurse manager is providing an inservice about c onflict resolution. What modes of conflict resolution should be addressed? ( Select all that apply. ) a. Suppression b. Accommodation c. Compromise d. Avoidance e. Collaboration f. Competition ANS: B, C, D, E, F The modes of conflict resolution include accommodat ion, collaboration, compromise, avoidance, and competition. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 7|p. 8|Tabl e 1.1 OBJ: 7 TOP: Conflict Resolution KEY: Nursing Proce ss Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A 2. What are the characteristics of an effective leader ? ( Select all that apply. ) a. Effective communication b. Rigid rules and regulations c. Delegates appropriately d. Acts as a role model e. Consistently handles conflict f. Focuses on individual development ANS: A, C, D, E Characteristics of an effective leader include effe ctive communication, consistency in managing conflict, knowledge and competency in all aspects of delivery of care, effective role model for staff, uses participatory approach i n decision making, shows appreciation for a job well done, delegates work appropriately, sets objectives and guides staff, displays caring, understanding, and empathy for others, moti vates and empowers others, is proactive and flexible, and focuses on team develop ment. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 6 OBJ: 5 TOP: Leadership KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A COMPLETION 1. _________ is defined as the process by which inform ation is exchanged between individuals verbally, nonverbally, and/or in writin g or through information technology. ANS: Communication Communication is defined as the process by which in formation is exchanged between individuals verbally, nonverbally, and/or in writin g or through information technology. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 2 OBJ: 2 TOP: Communication KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A 2. _________ is the collection and processing of relev ant data for the purpose of appraising the client’s health status. ANS: Assessment Assessment is the collection and processing of rele vant data for the purpose of appraising the client’s health status. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 2 OBJ: 1 | 2 TOP: Assessment KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A 3. _________ is concerned with the ethical questions t hat arise in the context of health care. ANS: Bioethics Bioethics is concerned with the ethical questions t hat arise in the context of health care. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 4 OBJ: 3 TOP: Bioethics KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A 4. Place the corresponding letter to each stage of con flict in the correct order. _________ (Place the events in the appropriate sequence with capital letters. Do not separate answers with a space or punctuation. Example: ABCD. ) a. Outcomes b. Conceptualization c. Frustration d. Action ANS: CBDA The stages of conflict in order are frustration, co nceptualization, action, and outcomes. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 7 OBJ: 7 TOP: Conflict KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: N CLEX: N/A 5. Place the corresponding letter to each key step in solving an ethical dilemma in the correct order. _________ (Place the events in the appropriate sequence. Do n ot separate answers with a space or punctuation. Example: ABCD.) a. Negotiate a plan. b. Clarify values. c. Ask if it is an ethical dilemma. d. Verbalize the problem. e. Gather information. f. Identify possible courses of action. g. Evaluate the plan over time. ANS: CEBDFAG The key step of solving an ethical dilemma in order are ask the question, is it an ethical dilemma, gather information, clarify values, verbal ize the problem, identify possible course of action, negotiate a plan, and evaluate th e plan over time. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 4 OBJ: 3 TOP: Ethical Dilemma KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/ A MSC: NCLEX: N/A Chapter 02: Medical-Surgical Practice Settings Linton: Medical-Surgical Nursing, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. While a home health nurse is making the entry to a service assessment on a homebound patient, the spouse of the patient asks whether Med icare will cover the patient’s ventilator therapy and insulin injections. What is the best re sponse by the nurse? a. “Ye s, Medicare will cover both the ventilator therapy and the insulin injections.” b. “No, Medicare will not cover either of these ongoin g therapies.” c. “Medicare will cover the ventilator therapy, but it does not cover the insulin injections.” d. “Medicare will cover the ongoing insulin therapy, b ut it does not cover a highly technical skill such as ventilator therapy.” ANS: C Medicare will cover skilled nursing tasks such as v entilator therapy, but common tasks that can be taught to the family or the patient are not covered. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: pp. 12-13 OB J: 3 | 4 TOP: Medicare Coverage for Home Health KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coord inated Care 2. The wife of a patient asks the nurse whether her hu sband would be considered for placement in a skilled nursing care facility when h e is discharged from the general hospital. The patient is incontinent, has mild deme ntia but is able to ambulate with a walker, and must have help to eat and dress himself . What is the nurse’s most appropriate response? a. “Yes, your husband would qualify for a skilled care facility because of his inability to feed and dress himself.” b. “No, your husband’s disabilities would not qualify him for a skilled facility.” c. “Yes, your husband qualifies for placement in a ski lled care facility because of his dementia.” d. “Yes, anyone who is willing to pay can be place d in a skilled nursing facility.” ANS: B Placement in a skilled nursing facility must be aut horized by a physician. A clear need for rehabilitation must be evident, or severe deficits in self-care that have a potential for improvement and require the services of a registere d nurse, a physical therapist, or a speech therapist must exist. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 13 OBJ: 6 TOP: Placement Qualifications for Skilled Nursing F acility KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment 3. A nurse has noted that a newly admitted resident to an extended care facility stays in her room, does not take active part in activities, and leaves the meal table after having eaten very little. The nurse should analyze this relocati on response as a. regression. b. social withdrawal. c. depersonalization. d. passive aggressive. ANS: B Social withdrawal is a frequent response to relocat ion. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 21 OBJ: 1 0 TOP: Relocation Response KEY: Nursing Process Step : Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adap tation 4. A nurse clarifies to a new patient in a rehabilitat ion center what rehabilitation means. What statement made by the patient indicates a corr ect understanding? a. “I will return to my previous level of functioning.” b. “I will be counseled into a new career.” c. “I will develop better coping skills to accept his disability.” d. “I will attain the greatest degree of independence possible.” ANS: D The rehabilitation process works to promote indepen dence at whatever level the patient is capable of achieving. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 15 OBJ: 7 TOP: Rehabilitation Goals KEY: Nursing Process Ste p: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Coord inated Care 5. A nurse assesses a patient who needs to be reminded to take premeasured oral medications, wash, go to meals, and undress and com e to bed at night, but coming and going as he pleases is considered safe for him. Wha t facility placement would be most appropriate for this patient? a. Skilled care b. Intermediate care c. Sheltered housing d. Domiciliary care ANS: D Domiciliary care provides room, board, and supervis ion, and residents may come and go as they please. Sheltered housing does not provide 24-hour care. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 19 OBJ: 3 | 9 TOP: “Levels of Care, Criteria for Domiciliary Resi dence” KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coord inated Care 6. A nurse is making a list of the members of the reha bilitation team, so the different types of services available to patients may be taught to a g roup of families. Which lists should be used? a. Physical therapist, nurse, family members, and pers onal physic ian b. Occupational therapist, dietitian, nurse, and patie nt c. Rehabilitation physician, laboratory technician, pa tient, and family d. Vocational rehabilitation specialist, patient, and psychiatrist ANS: A The rehabilitation team usually consists of all of the choices except the laboratory technician, dietitian, and psychiatrist. (The menta l health role is represented by the psychologist.) DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 17 OBJ: 7 TOP: Rehabilitation Team Members KEY: Nursing Proce ss Step: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coord inated Care 7. A nurse explains the level of disability to a patie nt who was injured in a construction accident that resulted in the loss of both his righ t arm and right leg. This loss has affected his quality of life and ability to return to previo us employment. At what level should the client be classified as being disabled? a. I b. II c. III d. IV ANS: B The patient is limited in the use of his right arm for feeding himself, dressing himself, and driving his car, which are three main activities of daily living. He may be able to work if workplace modifications are made. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 15 OBJ: 8 TOP: Levels of Disability KEY: Nursing Process Ste p: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coord inated Care 8. A nurse explains that in 1990, the Americans with D isabilities Act (ADA) was passed. For which extended services for the disabled persons di d this act provide? a. Covering the costs for the rehabilitation of disabl ed World War I servicemen by providing job training b. Extending protection to the disabled in the militar y sector, such as wheelchair ramps on military bases c. Extending protection to the disabled in private are as, such as accessibility to public restaurant bathrooms and telephones d. Affording disabled pe rsons full access to all health care services ANS: C The ADA of 1990 extended the previous legislative A cts of 1920, 1935, and 1973. The ADA now covers private sector individuals and publi c businesses in particular. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 16 OBJ: 8 TOP: Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coord inated Care 9. A frail patient in a long-term care facility asks t he nurse if a bath is to be given this morning. What is the best reply by the nurse to enc ourage independence and give the patient the most flexibility? a. “Based on your room number, you get bathed on Monda y, Wednesday, and Friday. Today is Tuesday.” b. “If you want to eat breakfast in the dining room wi th the others, you may sponge yourself off in your bathroom.” c. “When your daughter comes this evening, ask her if s he can give you a bath.” d. “I will bring a basin of water for a sponge off for right now. After breakfast, we will talk about a bath schedule.” ANS: D The resident should be provided as much flexibility as possible and support for independence. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 22 OBJ: 1 1 TOP: Maintenance of Autonomy in Extended Care Facil ity KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort 10. A computer programmer who lost both legs is being r etained by his employer, who has made arrangements for a ramp and a special desk to accommodate the patient’s wheelchair. What is the disability level of the com puter programmer? a. I b. II c. III d. IV ANS: B Level II allows for workplace accommodation, which is the desk modification in this case. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 15 OBJ: N/A TOP: Reasonable Accommodation KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A 11. A partially paralyzed forklift operator is to be re trained by vocational rehabilitation services for less demanding office work. What law p rovides for this rehabilitation? a. Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1920 b. Social Security Act of 1935 c. Rehabilitation Act of 1973 d. Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 ANS: C The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 provided a comprehen sive approach and expanded resources for public vocational training. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 16 OBJ: 7 TOP: Rehabilitation Legislation KEY: Nursing Proces s Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coord inated Care 12. The home health care nurse performs all the followi ng actions. Which is the only action that is reimbursable under Medicare payment rules? a. Observing a spouse cleaning and changing a dressing b. Taking a frail couple for a walk to provide exercis e c. Watching a patient measure out all medications d. Teaching a patient to self -administer insulin ANS: D Medicare reimburses skilled techniques that are cle arly spelled out; these include teaching but not return demonstration–type actions by patien t or family. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: pp. 12-13 OBJ: 4 TOP: Medicare Reimbursable Actions KEY: Nursing Pro cess Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coord inated Care 13. A patient with multiple sclerosis must be fed, bath ed, and dressed. How should the nurse assess this patient? a. Disab led b. Disadvantaged c. Handicapped d. Impaired ANS: D Feeding oneself, dressing, and bathing are activiti es of daily living. The patient is impaired in this scenario. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 15 OBJ: 7 TOP: Principles of Rehabilitation | Defining Levels of Loss of Functioning Independently KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 14. Which law initially provided for rehabilitation of disabled Americans? a. Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1920 b. Social Security Act of 1935 c. Rehabilitation Act of 1973 d. Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 ANS: A The U.S. government has passed four pieces of legis lation to identify and meet the needs of disabled individuals with each one being more in clusive. The first one was passed in 1920. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 16 OBJ: 8 TOP: Rehabilitation Legislation KEY: Nursing Proces s Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A 15. A client was admitted to a long-term residential ca re facility. On what should the admitting nurse tell the family the concepts of lon g-term care are based? a. Amount of activities the resident can do for hersel f b. Maintenance care with an emphasis on incontinence c. Successful adaptation to the regulations of the hom e d. Maintenance of as much function as possible ANS: D Maintenance of function and encouraging autonomy an d independence are some of the basic concepts of long-term care. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 18 OBJ: 11 TOP: Principles of Nursing Home Care KEY: Nursing P rocess Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coord inated Care 16. A 58-year-old patient with diabetes is recuperating from a broken hip and is concerned about how to pay for rehabilitation. The nurse shou ld inform this patient that funds for rehabilitation are available from which resource? a. Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1920 b. Rehabilitation Act of 1973 c. Disabled American Veterans Act of 1990 d. Title V, Health of Crippled Americans 1935 ANS: B The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 assists in paying fo r rehabilitation for those who are younger than 65 years of age and who will benefit f rom vocational rehabilitation through teaching. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 16 OBJ: 8 TOP: Legislation for Funding Health Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coord inated Care 17. What is an example of a description of community he alth nursing? a. Visiting patients in their homes after hospital dis charge to assess their personal health status b. Asking a nursing assistant (NA) to identify the hea lth services most needed in the patient’s personal life c. Meeting with residents of low -income housing to identify their health care needs d. Developing a hospital -based home health care service ANS: C Whereas community-based nursing looks at identified community needs and provides care at all levels of wellness and illness, community he alth nursing seeks to provide services to groups to modify or create systems of care. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: pp. 10-11 OBJ: 2 TOP: Defining Community-Based Nursing versus Commun ity Health Nursing KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Coord inated Care 18. Home health nurses have some different nursing acti vities than those of community health nurses. Which statement best describes the home hea lth nurse’s activities? a. Conducting health education classes in a senior cit izens’ common residence building b. Conducting blood pressure screening on a regular ba sis at a local mall c. Visiting and assessing the home care and further te aching needs of a patient who has been recently discharged from the hospital d. Acting as a nurse consultant to a chronic psychiatr ic section in a state institution ANS: C The home health nurse works with individuals in the home; the other descriptors are community nurse activities. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 13 OBJ: 1 | 5 TOP: Activities of the Home Health Nurse KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coord inated Care 19. Based on guidelines from the Americans with Disabil ity Act (ADA), which question is an appropriate choice for the director of nurses to as k a nurse with an artificial leg who is applying for a staff position in an extended care f acility? a. “How long have you had your prosthesis?” b. “How many flights of stairs are you able to climb w ithout assistance?” c. “Are you able to lift a load of 45 lb?” d. “Has your disability caused you to miss work?” ANS: C Queries to disabled job applicants can be made rela tive to specific job functions, but they cannot be asked relative to the severity of the dis ability or the degree of disability in general. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 16 OBJ: 7 | 8 TOP: ADA KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A 20. A nurse reminds a resident in a long-term care faci lity that he has autonomy in many aspects of his institutionalization. What is an exa mple of autonomy? a. Selection of medication times b. Availability of his own small electrical appliances c. Smoking in the privacy of his own room d. Application of advance directives ANS: D The application of advance directives is an autonom ous decision. Agency protocols relative to medication times, access to private ele ctrical devices, and smoking are rarely waived; these policies are not in the control of th e resident. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 22 OBJ: 10 TOP: Autonomy KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementa tion MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adap tation MULTIPLE RESPONSE 1. What care skills are safe and appropriate for the l icensed practical nurse (LPN) to teach family members in the home health care setting? ( Select all that apply. ) a. Insulin injec tion b. Sterile dressing changes c. Venipunctures d. Periodic Foley catheter insertions e. Instillation of eye drops f. Changing dressings on small wounds ANS: A, E, F Insulin injections, instillation of eye drops, and small wound dressing changes are safe to teach a nonprofessional caregiver. Sterile dressing s, venipunctures, and inserting Foley catheters are considered skilled, and the costs for these are reimbursed by Medicare. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 13 OBJ: 3 TOP: Skills Taught by Home Health Nurse KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safet y and Infection Control 2. The nursing care plan in a long-term care facility calls for the documentation of regressive behavior of a newly admitted 82-year-old resident w ho has had congestive heart failure and osteoarthritis. Of these behaviors observed by the nurse, which should be documented as regression? ( Select all that apply. ) a. Talks nonstop to staff and other residents. b. Wets and soils self several times a day. c. Wakes in the middle of the night and is unable to r eturn to sleep. d. Wears the same clothes day after day. e. Cries frequently for no apparent reason. ANS: B, D, E Behaviors that are infantile or immature in the abs ence of dementia are considered regressive. Frequent episodes of crying and inatten tion to personal hygiene are regressive in nature. Excessive talking and wakefulness may be related to relocation anxiety, but they are not considered regressive. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: pp. 20-21 OBJ: 10 TOP: Impact of Relocation KEY: Nursing Process Ste p: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adap tation 3. From what do most quality-of-care problems in home health care result? ( Select all that apply. ) a. Patient’s noncompliance b. Family’s reluctance to participate in the care c. Inadequate documentation d. Limited funding e. Defective communication among care team members ANS: C, E Inadequate communication and incomplete documentati on create most of the quality-of-care problems. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: pp. 11-12 OBJ: 2 TOP: Communication in Home Health Setting KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coord inated Care 4. An 80-year-old man is newly admitted to a long-term care facility and suddenly becomes incontinent of urine at night. What nursing interve ntions should be used to help restore self-toileting? ( Select all that apply. ) a. Waking the resident every 2 hours and escorting him to the bathroom b. Leaving a night -light on c. Discouraging the use of long -legged pajama bottoms d. Placing a urinal at the bedside e. Keeping the room uncluttered ANS: B, C, D, E Providing light in an uncluttered room, encouraging clothing that does not impede self-toileting, and making the urinal available inc rease independence and alleviate situations that make self-toileting difficult. Waki ng a resident not only disturbs his or her rest, but doing so also increases dependency on the staff. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: pp. 11-12 OB J: 10 | 11 TOP: Independence in Long-Term Care Center KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation COMPLETION 1. The nurse clarifies that an impairment that creates a measurable diminished capacity to work is a(n) _______. ANS: disability When there is a measurable impairment that changes the individual’s lifestyle, it is referred to as a disability. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 15 OBJ: N/A TOP: Rehabilitation Concepts KEY: Nursing Process S tep: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Coord inated Care 2. What should the home health nurse do when teaching a family member the skill of injecting insulin effectively? Prioritize these nur sing interventions for this situation. ______ (Place the events in the appropriate sequence. Do n ot separate answers with a space or punctuation. Example: ABCD.) a. Offer instruction at an appropriate pace. b. Write down the steps of the procedure. c. Assess the level of knowledge of the family memb er. d. Inquire about the preferred learning style. e. Evaluate the family member’s performance. ANS: CBDAE Effective teaching depends on assessing the level o f knowledge, breaking down the skill in steps, offering instruction in the preferred style, pacing the instruction appropriately, and evaluating the performance. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 14 OBJ: 1 TOP: Home Health Teaching KEY: Nursing Process Step : Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort 3. Prioritize the steps in solving an ethical dilemma. ______ (Place the events in the appropriate sequence. Do not separate answers with a space or punctuation. Example: ABCD.) a. Evaluate the outcome. b. Plan an approach. c. Visualize the consequences. d. Take action. e. Identify the problem. ANS: EBCDA To solve an ethical dilemma, one must clearly ident ify the problem, plan an approach, visualize the consequences, take action, and evalua te the outcome. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 11 OBJ: 7 TOP: Solving an Ethical Dilemma KEY: Nursing Proces s Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A Chapter 03: Medical-Surgical Patients: Individuals, Families, and Communities Linton: Medical-Surgical Nursing, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. What should be included in a patient’s care plan in consideration of cultural similarities? a. Family, educational background, and economic level should all be considered. b. Subtle communication involving languages should be considered. c. Families have strong patriarchal leaders. d. Culture is learned, shared, and expressed similarly among members. ANS: D Different cultures have some similarities and some differences. How the culture is expressed in health care settings will be diverse. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 26 OBJ: 4 TOP: Similarities among Cultures KEY: Nursing Proce ss Step: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Coord inated Care 2. What is the basis for the health–illness continuum? a. Prevention of acute illness b. Individual response to health or illness c. Promotion of health and wellness d. Variation in degree of health or illness ANS: D Currently, health and illness are viewed as relativ e states along a continuum. Individuals are at neither absolute health nor absolute illness but are in an ever-changing state of being. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: pp. 25-26 OBJ: 5 TOP: Current View of Health-Illness Continuum KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Safet y and Infection Control 3. What is the current concern of the health care syst em? a. Treating illness b. Preventing illness c. Promoting optimal function in the chronically ill d. Caring for patients with acute and chronic illness ANS: B Health promotion activities are directed toward mai ntaining or enhancing well-being as a protection against illness. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: pp. 25-26 OBJ: 2 | 5 TOP: Health Promotion KEY: Nursing Process Step: I mplementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Safet y and Infection Control 4. What is the primary reason that family is an import ant unit in society? a. Offers unconditional love and acceptance.