(Test Bank) Merrill’s Atlas Of Radiographic Positioning And Procedures

Long, 13

Nursing

Test Bank

13th Edition

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Test Bank for Merrill’s Atlas Of Radiographic Positioning And Procedures, The downloadable file consists of 480 pages, and the total size of the file is 6.08 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Long

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Merrill’s Atlas of Radiographic Positioning and Procedures 13th Edition Long Test Bank Chapter 01: Preliminary Steps in Radiography Long: Merrill's Atlas of Radiographic Positioning & Procedures, 13th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The primary controlling factor of radiographic contrast in screen -film radiography is: a. mA. b. time. c. kVp. d. SID. ANS: C DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 5 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 1 2. The ability to visualize very small structures on a medical image is termed: a. contrast. b. density. c. distortion. d. spatial resolution. ANS: D DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 5 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 2 3. Radiographic images of the hands, wrist, feet, and toes are routinely displayed with the digits: a. positioned toward the ceiling. b. positioned toward the floor. c. horizontal and point edTtoEtSheTlBefAt. d. horizontal and pointed to the right. ANS: A DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 11 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 1 4. The total destruction of microorganisms is accomplished through the use of: a. disinfectants. b. sterilization. c. germicides. d. antiseptics. ANS: B DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 16 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 1 5. In screen -film radiography, which term is defined as the degree of blackening ? a. Optical density b. Contrast c. Recorded detail d. Distortion ANS: A DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 5 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: None 6. The equivalent term for optical density in digital imaging is: a. contrast. b. noise. c. brightness. d. window level. ANS: C DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 5 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: None 7. The controlling factors for magnification are: a. density and contrast. b. object -to-image receptor distance (OID) and source -to-image receptor distance (SID). c. central ray angle and central ray alignment. d. part/image receptor alignment and SID. ANS: B DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 7 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: None 8. Involuntary motion can be caused by which of the following? 1. Peristalsis 2. Spasm 3. Breathing a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 ANS: A DIF: TLEevSeTl: BMAedNiuKm REF: Volume 1, Page 18 OBJ: Category: Positioning TOP: Exam: None 9. Voluntary motion resulting from lack of control can be caused by: 1. fear. 2. age (child). 3. tremors. a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 ANS: A DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 19 OBJ: Category: Positioning TOP: Exam: 2 10. Radiographers can control voluntary motion by: a. using a high kVp. b. increasing the length of exposure time. c. performing the examination in the recumbent position. d. giving clear instruction to the patient. ANS: D DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 19 OBJ: Category: Positioning TOP: Exam: 1 11. A decrease in technical factors may be required for a patient who has: a. edema. b. emphysema. c. atelectasis. d. advanced carcinoma. ANS: B DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 41 OBJ: Category: Positioning TOP: Exam: 1 12. An increase in technical factors may be required to penetrate a part on a patient who has: a. atrophy. b. emphysema. c. pleural effusion. d. degenerative arthritis. ANS: C DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 41 OBJ: Category: Positioning TOP: Exam: 2 13. Information that must be included on all radiographic images includes all of the following except : a. right or left side marker. b. patient’s name or ID number. c. radiographer’s name. d. date of exam. ANS: C DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 25 OBJ: Category: Positioning TOP: Exam: 1 14. The metric conversion of 40 inches is cm. a. 16 b. 18 c. 90 d. 102 ANS: D DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 30 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: None 15. The source of radiation in an x-ray tube (the anode) shall not be closer than inches from the . a. 12; patient b. 15; patient c. 12; tabletop d. 15; tabletop ANS: A DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 31 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 2 16. Collimation of the x -ray beam prompts which of the following? 1. An increase in radiographic contrast 2. Reduction of scatter and secondary radiation 3. Reduction in radiation to the patient a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 ANS: D DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 32 OBJ: Category: Positioning TOP: Exam: 1 17. Federal guidelines require gonad shielding for which of the following situations? 1. The gonads lie in the primary beam. 2. The clinical objective of the exam is not compromised. 3. The patient has reasonable reproductive potential. a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 ANS: D DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 33 OBJ: Category: Positioning TOP: Exam: 1 18. Which of the following devices are considered IRs? 1. Television monitor 2. Computed radiography image plate 3. Cassette with film a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 ANS: C DIF: TLEevSeTl: BMAedNiuKmSELLER.COM REF: Volume 1, Page 3 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 3 19. Spatial resolution is primarily controlled by: 1. mA. 2. screens. 3. focal spot size. a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 ANS: C DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 5 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 3 20. If a bone is projected longer or shorter than it actually is on the radiographic image, it is known as: a. angulation. b. distortion. c. geometry. d. anatomic position. ANS: B DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 7 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 3 21. Which of the following must be cleaned after every patient? a. Collimator b. Tabletop c. Gonad shields d. X-ray tube ANS: B DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 14 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 3 22. Which of the following is true when using computed radiography? 1. The IR could be opened for a few minutes without causing the stored image to be destroyed. 2. Collimation of the x-ray beam is not critical. 3. Final contrast and density adjustments of the radiographic image are done using a computer. a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 ANS: B DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 33 |Volume 1, Page 36 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 3 23. The phosphors in computed radiography IRs are very sensitive to: a. kVp. b. dust. c. collimation. d. scatter radiation. ANS: D DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 38 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 3 24. Radiographers who are educated as “radiologist extenders” are known as: 1. physician assistants (PAs). 2. radiologist assistants (RAs). 3. radiology practitioner assistants (RPAs). a. 1 and 2 b. 2 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 ANS: C DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 14 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 2 25. Blood and body fluid recommendations are issued by the: a. CDC. b. ASRT. c. ARRT. d. JCAHO. ANS: A DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 16 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 1 26. Each radiology department must write age -specific competencies to meet the standards of the: a. CDC. b. ASRT. c. ARRT. d. JCAHO. ANS: D DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 23 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 2 27. Gonad shielding is required when the gonads lie within cm of the primary x -ray field. a. 3 b. 5 c. 6 d. 8 ANS: B DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 33 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 1 28. Which of the following radiographic examinations would give a male patient the highest gonad dose? a. Limb b. Skull c. Pelvis d. Lumbar spine ANS: C DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 35 OBJ: Category: General TESTBANK STEOLP:LEExRa.mC: 1OM 29. Which of the following radiographic examinations would give a female patient the highest gonad dose? a. Limb b. Skull c. Pelvis d. Lumbar spine ANS: D DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 35 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 1 30. Which of the following is affected when imaging patients who are obese? 1. Image quality 2. Ability to transfer safely 3. Ability to find positioning landmarks a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3 ANS: D DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 46 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: None 31. A fundamental responsibility of radiographers is to ensure that each radiation exposure upholds the ALARA concept. ALARA stands for: a. as low as reasonably achievable. b. as long as radiograph is acceptable. c. acceptable limits allowed for radiographic attempts. d. attempts to lessen all radiographic allowances. ANS: A DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 2 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: None 32. Which organizations jointly revised and adopted the Code of Ethics for Radiologic Technologists in the United States? a. American College of Radiology and the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists b. American Society of Radiologic Technologists and the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists c. American College of Radiology and The Joint Commission d. American Registry of Radiologic Technologists and The Joint Commi ssion ANS: B DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 2 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: None 33. A physician who is board certified to read or interpret, x-ray examinations is a: a. hospitalist. b. radiographer. c. radiologist. d. surgeon. ANS: C DIF: Level: Easy REF: Volume 1, Page 13 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: None Chapter 02: Compensating Filters Long: Merrill's Atlas of Radiographic Positioning & Procedures, 13th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A commonly performed projection that is significantly improved with the use of a compensating filter is the AP: a. hand. b. skull. c. leg. d. thoracic spine. ANS: D DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 54|Volume 1, Page 55 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 3 2. Which of the following is required to maintain an even radiographic density on body parts that have significant variations in tissue density? a. Increase the kVp. b. Increase the mA. c. Use a compensating filter. d. Use a compression device. ANS: C DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 55 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 1 3. Which of the following woTuEldSbTeBcoAnNsiKdSerEedLaLdEvaRn.taCgeOsMin using an atomic compens ating filters? 1. Reduces radiation exposure to the patient 2. Provides an even image density 3. Increases image contrast and detail a. 1 and 2 b. 2 and 3 c. 1 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 ANS: A DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 55 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 3 4. Which of the following projections will always require a compensating filter to demonstrate all of the anatomy on one image? 1. AP shoulder 2. Lateral hip 3. Lateral C7-T1 a. 1 and 2 b. 2 and 3 c. 1 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 ANS: B DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 57 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 2 5. Where are most compensating filters placed? a. Under the patient b. Directly on the patient c. Between the x-ray tube and skin surface d. Between the x-ray tube and collimator ANS: C DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 57 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 1 6. The simplest and most common shape of compensating filter is the: a. wedge. b. trough. c. double -wedge. d. Boomerang. ANS: A DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 57 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 2 7. The most common materials used in the manufacture of compensating filters are: 1. copper. 2. aluminum. 3. high-density plastics. a. 1 and 2 b. 2 and 3 c. 1 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 ANS: B DIF: TLEevSeTl: BMAedNiuKm REF: Volume 1, Page 57 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 2 8. The major advantage of using collimator -mounted compensating filters is: a. ease of use. b. can be used for different body areas. c. provide increased contrast and detail. d. reduction in radiation exposure to the patient. ANS: D DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 58 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 1 9. A wedge filter would be ideal for which of the following projections? a. AP chest b. AP thoracic spine c. Lateral C7-T1 d. Lateral hip ANS: B DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 60 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 2 10. A trough filter would be used for a: a. lateral hip. b. AP shoulder. c. PA chest. d. AP thoracic spine. ANS: C DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 60 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 2 11. A special -design Ferlic filter would provide an even image density for which of the following projections? 1. AP thoracic spine 2. Lateral C7-T1 (swimmer’s method) 3. Lateral hip (Danelius -Miller method) a. 1 and 2 b. 2 and 3 c. 1 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 ANS: B DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 57 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: None 12. The Boomerang filter would provide an even image density for which body area? a. Hip b. Chest c. Shoulder d. C7-T1 region ANS: C DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 60 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 2 13. For which projection woulTd EtwSoTdBoAubNleK-SwEedLgLe EfiRlte.rsCbOeMused? a. AP shoulder b. Lateral hip c. AP spine for scoliosis d. Lateral spine for scoliosis ANS: D DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 64 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 2 14. Which of the following will provide maximum patient safety when using compensating filters? a. Use two hands to mount a collimator filter. b. Use two hands to position a contact filter. c. Use a low-kVp exposure technique. d. Use a high-mA exposure technique. ANS: A DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 64 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 2 Chapter 03: General Anatomy and Radiographic Positioning Terminology Long: Merrill's Atlas of Radiographic Positioning & Procedures, 13th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. In the “anatomic position,”" the palms of the hands are facing: a. backward. b. forward. c. up. d. down. ANS: B DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 66 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 1 2. A plane passing through the body parallel with the midsagittal plane is termed: a. coronal. b. sagittal. c. axial. d. oblique. ANS: B DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 66 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 1 3. A plane passing vertically through the body from side to side is termed: a. oblique. b. sagittal. c. coronal. d. horizontal. ANS: C DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 66 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 2 4. Any plane passing through the body at right angles to its longitudinal axis is termed: a. coronal. b. oblique. c. sagittal. d. horizontal. ANS: D DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 66 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 1 5. All of the following are located in the thoracic cavity except : a. trachea. b. spleen. c. lungs. d. esophagus. ANS: B DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 69 OBJ: Category: Anatomy TOP: Exam: 1 6. All of the following are located in the abdominal cavity except : a. kidneys. b. stomach. c. rectum. d. pancreas. ANS: C DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 69 OBJ: Category: Anatomy TOP: Exam: 2 7. Which of the following lie in the pelvic cavity? 1. Kidneys 2. Rectum 3. Urinary bladder a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 ANS: C DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 69 OBJ: Category: Anatomy TOP: Exam: None 8. Into how many regions is the abdomen divided? a. Two b. Four c. Six d. Nine ANS: D DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 70 OBJ: Category: General TESTBANK STEOLP:LEExRa.mC: NOoMne 9. The lower, center region on the illustration in the figure above is termed the: a. epigastrium. b. lumbar. c. inguinal. d. hypogastrium. ANS: D DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 70 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 1 10. The external landmark indicated by the arrow in the figure above is the: a. mastoid tip. b. vertebra prominens. c. gonion. d. transverse process. ANS: B DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 71 OBJ: Category: Anatomy TESTBANK STEOLP:LEExRa.mC: 2OM 11. T9 and T10 are located at the level of the: a. sternal angle. b. xiphoid process. c. jugular notch. d. vertebra prominens. ANS: B DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 71 OBJ: Category: Anatomy TOP: Exam: 2 12. L4 and L5 are located at the level of the: a. costal margin. b. superior iliac spine. c. umbilicus. d. superior aspect of the iliac crests. ANS: D DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 71 OBJ: Category: Anatomy TOP: Exam: 1 13. S1 and S2 are located at the level of the: a. costal margin. b. umbilicus. c. superior aspect of the iliac crests. d. anterior superior iliac spines (ASISs). TE ANS: D DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 71 OBJ: Category: Anatomy TOP: Exam: 2 14. Which of the following is not one of the four types of body habitus? a. Atrophic b. Sthenic c. Asthenic d. Hypersthenic ANS: A DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 72 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: None 15. Approximately what percentage of the population has a sthenic body habitus? a. 5% b. 10% c. 35% d. 50% ANS: D DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 73 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 1 16. 16. Which of the following body habitus is shown in the figure above? a. Hypersthenic b. Hyposthenic c. Asthenic d. Atrophic ANS: A DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 73 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: None 17. The least-occurring body habitus is the: a. hyposthenic. b. hypersthenic. c. asthenic. d. atrophic. ANS: B DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 73 OBJ: Category: General TOP: Exam: 2 18. The adult skeleton is composed of how many bones? a. 185 b. 200 c. 206 d. 208 ANS: C DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 75 OBJ: Category: Anatomy TOP: Exam: 1 19. Bones are composed of an outer layer of compact bony tissue called the: a. compact bone. b. periosteum. c. spongy tissue. d. medullary canal. ANS: A DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 76 OBJ: Category: Anatomy TOP: Exam: 2 20. Long bones have a central cylindrical cavity called the: a. meniscus. b. periosteum. c. medullary cavity. d. spongy tissue. ANS: C DIF: Level: Hard REF: Volume 1, Page 76 OBJ: Category: Anatomy TOP: Exam: 1 21. How many specific types oTfEsySnToBviAalNjoKiSntEs LarLe EthRer.eC? OM a. Three b. Four c. Five d. Six ANS: D DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 82 OBJ: Category: Anatomy TOP: Exam: 3 22. Some synovial joints contain synovial fluid –filled sacs outside the main joint cavity called: a. bursae. b. menisci. c. ligaments. d. fibrous capsules. ANS: A DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 82 OBJ: Category: Anatomy TOP: Exam: 3 23. How many saddle joints are there in the body? a. One b. Two c. Three d. Four ANS: A DIF: Level: Medium REF: Volume 1, Page 82