(Test Bank) Understanding Pharmacology For Health Professionals

Turley, 5

Nursing

Test Bank

5th Edition

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Understanding Pharmacology For Health Professionals 5th Edition Turley Test Bank Understanding Pharmacology for Health Professionals, 5e (Turley) Chapter 1 Introduction to Pharmacology and the History of Drugs 1.1 Multiple -Choice Questions 1) Pharmacology is the study of . A) how drugs are dispensed B) pills and how to give them C) drugs and their interactions with living organisms D) plants, herbs, minerals, and animals Answer: C Explanation: A) The dispensing of drugs is only a small part of the field of pharmacology. B) While pharmacology includes these items, the field of pharmacology covers much more. D) Some drugs come from these sources, but it is not the focus of the study of pharmacology. 2) The word pharmacology comes from . A) the Dutch word droog and a suffix meaning the study of B) the Greek word pharmakon and a suffix meaning the study of C) the Greek word prophylaxis and a suffix meaning to study D) the Latin word medicina and a suffix meaning the study of Answer: B Explanation: A) The Dutch word droog is where we get the word drug , not pharmacology . C) The Greek word prophylaxis means to keep guard before . Prophylaxis is used as a preventive method. D) The Latin word medicina is where we get the word medicine or medication , not pharmacology . 3) Drugs have three medical uses. Which of the following is NOT one of those uses? A) Drugs can provide evidence that a disease is present. B) Drugs can treat symptoms, signs, and diseases C) Drugs can prevent disease D) Drugs can cause symptoms, signs, and diseases Answer: D Explanation: A) This IS one of the three medical uses for drugs. B) This IS one of the three medical uses for drugs. C) This IS one of the three medical uses for drugs. 4) The use of drugs during radiological procedures and other medical tests to show evidence of a disease is known as . A) a preventive use B) a diagnostic use C) treating symptoms and signs of a disease D) none of the above Answer: B Explanation: A) The preventive use of drugs does not occur during a radiologic procedure. C) Drugs used during radiologic procedures are not treating a disease. D) One of these answers is correct. 5) The medicinal use of foxglove to make the drug digoxin (Lanoxin) is an example of a modern drug derived from . A) an animal B) a mineral C) a plant D) a trace element Answer: C Explanation: A) Foxglove is not derived from an animal. B) Foxglove is not derived from a mineral. D) Foxglove is not derived from a trace element. 6) The drug Premarin, a female hormone replacement used to treat the symptoms of menopause, is derived from _. A) pregnant mares' urine B) margarine and oils C) the lanolin from processed sheep's wool D) powdered rose hips Answer: A Explanation: B) Premarin is not derived from margarine and oils. C) Premarin is not derived from lanolin from processed sheep's wool. D) Premarin is not derived from powdered rose hips. 7) Which of the following has NEVER been the source of a drug used to treat diabetes mellitus? A) ground -up beef pancreas B) Gila monsters C) ground -up pork pancreas D) lanolin from sheep Answer: D Explanation: A) Ground -up animal pancreas WAS a source of insulin for treating diabetes mellitus the past. B) The saliva of the Gila monster IS a source of the antidiabetic drug Byetta. C) Ground -up pig pancreas WAD a source of insulin for treating diabetes mellitus in the past. 8) It took a national tragedy to force a much -needed update of the Food and Drugs Act of 1906. The drug that caused this national tragedy was . A) Ayer's Cherry Pectoral, which was used to treat respiratory ailments B) Cocaine Toothache Drops, which was used to treat toothache pain C) sulfonamide, an anti-infective drug D) thalidomide, which was used to treat morning sickness Answer: C Explanation: A) This drug did not cause the national tragedy, but was an example of a drug that contained an addictive substance. B) This drug did not cause the national tragedy, but was an example of a drug that contained an addictive substance. D) This drug caused tragedy in the 1950s in Europe, but was not approved for use in the United States. 9) As a result of a national tragedy, Congress passed The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938. One of the key parts of this act . A) required manufacturers to list their drugs in the United States Pharmacopeia or National Formulary B) made it mandatory that drugs had a pleasing taste and odor C) required accurate labeling of drugs to prevent substitutions or mislabeling of ingredients D) stated that the government no longer needed proof of fraud to stop the sale of a drug Answer: D Explanation: A) It was an amendment to The Food and Drugs Act of 1912 that stated that only drugs listed in these volumes could be prescribed. B) This was part of the reason for the national tragedy, not a result. The makers of the drug sulfonamide tested the taste and odor, but not the safety of the drug. C) This was an amendment to The Food and Drugs Act of 1912 that ensured this, not the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938. 10) In response to criticism that some drugs are available in other countries long before they are available in the U.S., which act was passed in 1997? A) Compassionate Use IND B) Emergency Treatment Investigational New Drug (IND) C) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Modernization Act D) Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Answer: C Explanation: A) The Compassionate Use IND involved drugs for a life-threatening diseases; it did not involve a time lag. B) The Emergency Treatment Investigational New Drug involved drugs for a life -threatening diseases; it did not involve a time lag. D) HIPAA deals with privacy and insurance, not a time lag. 11) Prescription drugs are defined as those drugs that . A) meet clinical trial requirements and are approved by the FDA B) are stronger than what is allowed for over-the-counter use C) are not safe to use except under professional medical supervision D) contain addictive properties that prevent over -the-counter use Answer: C Explanation: A) This is not a correct description of a prescription drug. B) This is not a correct description of a prescription drug. D) This is not a correct description of a prescription drug. 12) Which of the following statements concerning schedule drugs is TRUE? A) Schedule I drugs can be included –in small doses –in over -the-counter drugs. B) Schedule I drugs have the highest potential for abuse and addiction, while Schedule V drugs have the lowest. C) Schedule V drugs are not available under any circumstances, even with a prescription. D) Schedule V drugs have the highest potential for abuse and addiction, while Schedule I drugs have the lowest. Answer: B Explanation: A) Schedule I drugs have no currently accepted medical use. C) It is Schedule I drugs, not Schedule V drugs, that are not available under any circumstances. Schedule V drugs are available. D) It is Schedule I drugs t hat have the highest potential for abuse and addiction, while Schedule V drugs have the lowest. 13) The Orphan Drug Act was passed to _. A) facilitate the development of new drugs to treat rare diseases B) make drug companies responsible for drug substitution and mislabeling that caused deaths C) require drug companies to provide an accurate list of the drug's ingredients D) speed up the approval process of new drugs Answer: A Explanation: B) This occurred in the 1912 amendment to The Food and Drugs Act of 1906, not the Orphan Drug Act. C) This occurred in the 1912 amendment to The Food and Drugs Act of 1906, not the Orphan Drug Act. D) This occurred in The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Modernization Act, not the Orphan Drug Act. 14) When analgesic drugs are used to control arthritis pain, this is an example of the use of drugs. A) therapeutic B) pharmacologic C) preventive D) diagnostic Answer: A Explanation: B) The pharmacologic use of drugs is too broad a concept and would include every drug and every use. C) Analgesic drugs are not used to prevent pain. D) Analgesic drugs are not used to diagnose pain. 15) One drug used to treat Alzheimer's disease was originally derived from . A) yams B) periwinkle C) daffodils D) autumn crocus Answer: C Explanation: A) Some estrogen hormone replacement therapy drugs are derived from yams. B) The drug vincristine to treat cancer is derived from periwinkle. D) Colchicine to treat gout is derived from the autumn crocus. 16) Original plant sources of some commonly used drugs include all of the following EXCEPT . A) oak tree B) rose hips C) hot pepper plant D) opium poppy Answer: A Explanation: B) Rose hips are an original plant source for vitamin C. C) The hot pepper plant is an original plant source of capsaicin for topical pain relief. D) The opium poppy is an original plant source for morphine. 17) What common ingredient of topical skin drugs is deriv ed from the purified fat of processed sheep's wool? A) vitamin C B) calcium C) aspirin D) lanolin Answer: D Explanation: A) Vitamin C is derived from rose hips. B) Calcium is a mineral. C) Aspirin was derived from willow bark. 18) Which drugs were introduced in the decade of the 1990s? A) penicillin (first antibiotic drug), Benadryl (first antihistamine drug), cortisone (first corticosteroid drug) B) Thorazine (first antipsychotic drug), hydrocortisone (first topical corticosteroid drug), polio vaccine C) Inderal (first beta -blocker drug), Tagamet (first H 2 blocker drug), levodopa (for Parkinson's disease) D) Proscar (for benign prostatic hypertrophy), Nicod erm (for stopping smoking), Viagra (for erectile dysfunction) Answer: D Explanation: A) Penicillin was introduced in 1941; Benadryl was introduced in 1945, and cortisone was introduced in 1948. B) Thorazine was introduced in 1952, hydrocortisone was introduced in 1952, and the polio vaccine was introduced in 1955. C) Inderal was introduced in 1967, Tagamet was introduced in 1977, and levodopa was introduced in 1970. 19) Penicillin was first introduced about the year . A) 1850 B) 1900 C) 1940 D) 2000 Answer: C Expl anation: A) Penicillin was introdu cNedURmSuINchGTlaBte.CrOthMan 1850. B) Penicillin was introduced much later than 1900. D) Penicillin was introduced much earlier than 2000. 20) Aspirin was first introduced about the year . A) 1750 B) 1900 C) 1960 D) 2000 Answer: B Explanation: A) Aspirin was introduced in 1899. C) Aspirin was introduced much earlier than 1960. D) Aspirin was introduced much earlier than 2000. 21) The drug digoxin (Lanoxin) that is used today to treat congestive heart failure was derived from the . A) foxglove plant B) belladonna plant C) opium poppy flower D) French lilac flower Answer: A Explanation: B) This drug was not derived from the belladonna plant. C) This drug was not derived from the opium poppy flower. D) This drug was not derived from the French lilac flower. 22) The first monoclonal antibody drug (Orthoclone OKT3) was developed in . A) 1896 B) 1936 C) 1986 D) 2010 Answer: C Explanation: A) The first monoclonal antibody drug was developed later than this. B) The first monoclonal antibody drug was developed later than this. D) The first monoclonal antibody drug was developed before this. 23) Which drug was historically introduced first? A) Tagamet for peptic ulcers (first H 2 blocker drug) B) Morphine for pain, from the opium poppy C) Humulin (human insulin) (first recombinant DNA technology drug) D) AZT (first drug for HIV) Answer: B Explanation: A) Tagamet was introduced in 1977. B) It was introduced in 1806. C) Humulin (human insulin) was introduced in 1982. D) AZT was introduced in 1987. 24) The government agency responsible for regulating the manufacturing and dispensing of controlled substances is called the NUR S. INGTB.COM A) Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) B) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) C) United States Pharmacopeia D) Schedule Drug Agency Answer: A Explanation: B) The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reviews drugs during clinical trials and evaluates their safety. C) The United States Pharmacopeia is a book that lists all the drugs that are approved. D) There is no such governmental agency. 25) Currently, the burden of proof for showing that a drug is safe before it can be marketed is the responsibility of the . A) drug company B) consumer C) physician D) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Answer: A Explanation: B) The consumer cannot prove that a drug is safe before it is marketed. C) The physician cannot prove that a drug is safe before it is marketed. D) The FDA approves a drug for marketing only after it has been proven safe. 26) A schedule defines drugs by their . A) classification or category B) potential for physical dependence C) potential for psychological dependence D) B and C Answer: D Explanation: A) A schedule is a classification or category, but not a definition. B) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer. C) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer. 27) An example of a Schedule I drug is . A) aspirin B) Ambien C) LSD D) all of the above Answer: C Explanation: A) Aspirin is not a schedule drug. It is an over -the-counter drug with no potential for addiction. B) Ambien is a Schedule IV drug, not a Schedule I drug. D) Aspirin and Ambien are not Schedule I drugs. 28) The Controlled Substances Act created categories of drugs based on their potential for addiction. A) seven B) three C) five D) ten Answer: C Explanation: A) There are not seven categories of controlled substances. B) There are not three categories of controlled substances. D) There are not ten categories of controlled substances. 29) In response to the tragedy of babies born with seal limbs because of thalidomide, this legislation required drugs to be both safe and effective before being marketed. A) Food and Drug Modernization Act of 1997 B) Kefauver -Harris Amendment of 1962 C) Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 D) The Food and Drugs Act of 1906 Answer: B Explanation: A) The FDA Modernization Act of 1997 came much later than the thalidomide tragedy. C) The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 came before the thalidomide tragedy. D) The Food and Drugs Act of 1906 came before the thalidomide tragedy. 30) Complete this inscription that is commonly seen on the drug package: "Caution: Federal law prohibits ." A) the use of Schedule I drugs B) the regulation of prescription drugs C) dispensing by a nurse D) dispensing without a prescription Answer: D Explanation: A) Schedule I drugs are not available under any circumstances and are not mentioned on drug package labels. B) This is not on the drug package. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates prescription drugs. C) Drug package labels do not refer to nurses. 31) The belladonna plant was the original source of the drugs that are still used today. A) atropine and digoxin B) ephedrine and morphine C) atropine and scopolamine D) colchicine and morphine Answer: C Explanation: A) Atropine is from the belladonna pl ant, but digoxin is from the foxglove plant. B) Ephedrine is from the Ephedra shrub, and morphine is from the opium poppy plant. D) Colchicine is from the autumn crocus, and morphine is from the opium poppy plant. 32) Powd ered rose hips from the rose plaNnUtRaSreINsGtiTllBu.CseOdMtoday as a natural source of . A) morphine B) vitamin C C) insulin D) all of the above Answer: B Explanation: A) Morphine is from the opium poppy plant. C) Insulin is not derived from rose hips. D) Powdered rose hips are the natural source for only one of these drugs. 33) All of the following are minerals that are used in drugs or as dietary supplements EXCEPT . A) iron B) calcium C) gold D) cinchona bark Answer: D Explanation: A) Iron is a mineral that is used as a dietary supplement. B) Calcium is a mineral that is used as a dietary supplement. C) Gold is used in a drug for rheumatoid arthritis. D) This is a plant, not a mineral. 34) Jamie Alvarez is going to fly in an airplane for the first time. She is afraid she might experience motion sickness, so she has decided to take the over-the-counter drug Dramamine. This is an example of the use of a drug. A) preventive B) therapeutic C) diagnostic D) all of the above Answer: A Explanation: B) Dramamine is not used to treat nausea and vomiting once it has occurred. C) Dramamine is not used to diagnose motion sickness. D) Dramamine only falls under one of these uses of drugs, not all of them. 35) The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996 is concerned with the of patient medical and drug information. A) accuracy B) identity C) security D) all of the above Answer: C Explanation: A) HIPAA does not address the accuracy of patient medical and drug information. B) HIPAA does not address the identify of patient medical and drug information. D) HIPAA only addresses the security of patient medical and drug information. 36) The majo rity of drugs are used to coNntUroRlS, IiNmGpTrBo.vCeO, Mor cure symptom s, signs, and diseases of a physiological or psychological nature. This is categorized as a use. A) preventive B) diagnostic C) prescription D) therapeutic Answer: D Explanation: A) Drugs for preventive use are taken before symptoms and diseases occur. B) Drugs for diagnostic use do not cure symptoms or diseases. C) Prescription drugs are not the only kinds of drugs used to cure symptoms or diseases. 37) A prescription drug can be obtained with a . A) written prescription from a physician B) verbal order from a dentist C) written prescription or verbal order from a healthcare professional whose license permits this D) all of the above Answer: D Explanation: A) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer. B) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer. C) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer. 38) Which of these ancient peoples practiced pharmacology? A) Egyptians B) Chinese C) Native Americans of North America and Aztec Indians of Mexico D) all of the above Answer: D Explanation: A) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer. B) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer. C) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer. 39) If you had lived during the 1700s and 1800s, it would not have been unusual for you to . A) have taken a drug that contained opium, morphine, heroin, or cocaine B) be addicted without knowing it after taking a drug for a common disease C) take a drug whose addictive ingredients were not listed on the label D) all of the above Answer: D Explanation: A) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer. B) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer. C) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer. 40) Drug legislation was passed in the early 1900s to protect the public from . A) unscrupulous drug sellers B) prescription drugs C) worthless, mislabeled, and dangerous drugs D) A and C Answer: D Explanation: A) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer. B) It was not until the Durham -Humphrey Amendment of 1951 that prescription drugs were defined. C) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer. 41) The first federal drug law was the . A) Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act B) Dietary Supplements and Health and Education Act C) Pure Food and Drugs Act D) Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act Answer: C Explanation: A) This was not the first federal drug law. B) This was not the first federal drug law. D) This was not the first federal law. 42) The 1951 Durham -Humphrey Amendment to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act defined drugs as those drugs that could only be given to patients under the care of a physician. A) dangerous B) prescription C) schedule D) all of the above Answer: B Explanation: A) The Durham -Humphrey Amendment did not mention dangerous drugs. C) Schedule drugs were defined by the Controlled Substances Act, not the Durham -Humphrey Amendment. D) The Durham -Humphrey Amendment did not mention dangerous or schedule drugs. 43) The FDA will allow a prescription drug to be reclassified as an over -the-counter (OTC) drug if . A) the prescription drug is too dangerous to use at its higher doses B) a patient can easily diagnose and monitor his/her own condition C) there is enough public pressu re after a drug tragedy D) all of the above Answer: B Explanation: A) If a prescription drug is too dangerous, the FDA will remove it from the market, not reclassify it as an over -the-counter drug. C) This is not one of the reasons for reclassifying a prescription drug as an OTC drug. D) One of these is a reason for reclassifying, but not all of them. 44) All of the following are advantages to reclassifying a prescription drug to be an over-the- counter drug (OTC), EXCEPT . A) the cost of the OTC drug will be lower B) the patient will have better access to quick treatment C) there is a greater chance for drug-drug interactions D) the patient will need fewer doctor visits for prescription refills Answer: C Explanation: A) This is an advantage for OTC drugs. B) This is an advantage for OTC drugs. C) This is a disadvantage of OTC drugs. D) This is an advantage for OTC drugs. 45) The Controlled Substances Act of 1970 did all of the following, EXCEPT . A) regulate controlled substances B) introduce the word narcotic C) divide potentially addictive drugs into categories D) regulate schedule drugs Answer: B Explanation: A) It did do this. B) The word narcotic was introduced by The Harrison Narcotics Act of 1914. C) It did do this. D) It did do this. 46) In 1853, Dr. Alexander Wood of Scotland created the first . A) polio vaccine B) prescription drug C) hypodermic syringe D) antibiotic drug Answer: C Explanation: A) The first polio vaccine was introduced in 1955. B) A prescription drug was not defined by law until 1951. D) The first antibiotic drug was not introduced until 1941. 47) Pharmacology includes all of the following interrelated topics, EXCEPT . A) philosophy and religion B) molecular chemistry and genetics C) patient education D) legislation and technology Answer: A Explanation: A) Pharmacology does not cover these topics. B) Pharmacology does cover these topics. C) Pharmacology does cover this topic. D) Pharmacology does cover these topics. 48) The combining of several ingre dients to form a single drug is known as . A) molecular pharmacology B) personalized medicine C) compounding D) human genome Answer: C 49) Which of the following is true about drugs in the Middle Ages? A) Some of the drug ingredients were based on medical lore and superstition. B) Some of the drug ingredients were therapeutic. C) Some of the drug ingredients were worthless or even harmful. D) all of the above Answer: D 50) The mineral gold is used to treat . A) diabetes mellitus B) rheumatoid arthritis C) mineral deficiency D) baldness Answer: B Explanation: A) Gold is not used to treat diabetes mellitus. C) Gold is not used to treat a mineral deficiency. D) Gold is not used to treat baldness. 51) The thalidomide drug tragedy occurred in the late 1950s when the drug . A) was used to treat nausea and vomiting in pregnant women B) caused babies to be born with seal limbs C) was prescribed in Europe, but not the United States D) all of the above Answer: D Explanation: A) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer. B) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer. C) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer. 52) Which organization requires that a hospital develop its own list of acceptable medical and drug abbreviations to avoid drug errors? A) Drug Enforcement Agency B) Joint Commission C) Medicare D) Food and Drug Administration Answer: B Explanation: A) The DEA does not require this. C) Medicare does not require this. D) The FDA does not require this. 53) States that allow healthcare providers to prescribe controlled substances first require them to register at the federal level with . A) the Drug Enforcement Agency B) Medicare C) Joint Commission D) the Food and Drug Administration Answer: A Explanation: B) Medicare does not deal with controlled substances. C) The Joint Commission does not deal with controlled substances. D) The FDA does not deal with controlled substances. 54) Designer drugs . A) are created by slightly modifying the molecular structure of a Schedule I or II drug. B) are also known as analog drugs C) are created to avoid prosecution under existing drug laws. D) all of the above Answer: D Explanation: A) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer. B) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer. C) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer. 55) The Federal Analogue Act of 1986 made it easier to prosecute those who produced and sold . A) prescription drugs B) designer drugs C) over-the-counter drugs D) schedule drugs Answer: B Explanation: A) This Act does not deal with prescription drugs. C) This Act does not deal with over -the-counter drugs. D) This Act does not deal with legal schedule drugs. 56) A list of all drugs being used, their ingredients, their uses, and how to prepare them was known as . A) a recipe B) pharmacology C) a pharmacopoeia D) an apothecary Answer: C Explanation: A) A recipe is a list of ingredients, but for just one drug. B) Pharmacology is a study area, not a list. D) An apothecary is a storehouse of dru gs, not a list. 57) The apothecary system of measurement included all of the following, EXCEPT . A) drams B) milliliters C) grains D) scruples Answer: B Explanation: A) Drams were part of the apothecary system. B) Millimeters are not part of the apothecary system. C) Grains were part of the apothecary system. D) Scruples were part of the apothecary system. 58) The first drug ever approved by the FDA to treat the nausea and vomiting of pregnancy was . A) AZT B) thalidomide C) Diclegis D) Viagra Answer: C Explanation: A) AZT was the first drug used to treat HIV. B) Thalidomide was never approved by the FDA after it caused seal limb deformities in fetuses in Europe. D) Viagra is used to treat erectile dysfunction in men.