(Test Bank) Chemistry In Focus A Molecular View Of Our World

Tro, 7

Chemistry

Test Bank

7th Edition

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Test Bank for Chemistry In Focus A Molecular View Of Our World, The downloadable file consists of 493 pages, and the total size of the file is 4.52 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Tro

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Chapter 01 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1 1. Which of these is true of matter? a. It is the pull of gravity on an object. b. It combines to form atoms. c. It is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction. d. It is directly proportional to weight. e. It is the measure of space occupied by an object. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Scientist and the Artist DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/24/2018 7:07 AM 2. Which of these statements is correct ? a. The amount of carbon on Earth is essentially constant. b. The amount of carbon on Earth fluctuates with the seasons. c. The amount of carbon on Earth is increasing because of plant and animal growth. d. The amount of carbon on Earth is decreasing because of the consumption of carbon -based fuels. e. All of these are correct. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Scientist and the Artist DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/24/2018 7:08 AM 3. The French chemist Antoine Lavoisier found that the weight of objects before burning and the weight of the products after burning were equal. He noticed that the total weight did not change during a process. Which of these best describes the scenario? a. Lavoisier arrived at a scientific law from observa tion. b. Lavoisier arrived at a scientific theory from observation.. c. Lavoisier arrived at a scientific theory from a scientific law. d. Lavoisier arrived at a scientific law from a scientific theory. e. Lavoisier arrived at a scientific conclusion from observation. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Scientist and the Artist Chapter 01 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2 DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:45 AM 4. In a scientific method, a hypothesis is tested by a(n) _____. a. experiment b. law c. theory d. observation e. trial ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Scientist and the Artist DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:45 AM 5. A statement that summarizes the data obtained from a series of observations is known as a(n) _____. a. observation b. law c. theory d. conclusion e. experiment ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Scientist and the Artist DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:46 AM 6. Which of these is not part of the scientific method? a. Observation b. Law c. Theory d. Conclusion e. Experiment ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False Chapter 01 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3 TOPICS: The Scientist and the Artist DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:46 AM 7. Which of these is the best definition of a scientific hypothesis? a. A prediction based on a limited number of observations b. A method of explaining observations that appears contradictory c. A broadly applicable generalization with virtually no exceptions d. A method for approaching problems that is used by all scientists e. A tentative model that describes the underlying cause of observations and laws ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Scientist and the Artist DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:47 AM 8. Which of these is the best definition of a scientific law? a. A prediction based on a limited number of observations b. A method of explaining observations that appear contradictory c. A broadly applicable generalization with virtually no exceptions d. A method for approaching problems that is used by all scientists e. A rule made by scientists to ensure consistency in their observations ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Scientist and the Artist DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:47 AM 9. A(n) _____ is an explanation of a scientific observation. a. speculation b. theory c. conclusion d. prediction e. epiphany ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice Chapter 01 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 4 HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Scientist and the Artist DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:47 AM 10. Which of these is not a requirement of a scientifically acceptable theory? a. It should predict behavior far beyond the observations from which it was formulated. b. It should be proven by additional experimentation. c. It should provide a sound reasoning for a particular observation. d. It should be easy to revise to accommodate new observations. e. It should provide models of behavior consistent with other widely accepted theories. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Scientist and the Artist DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:48 AM 11. Which of these statements about the scientific method is incorrect ? a. It is a collection of absolute truths. b. It uses experiments that are reproducible. c. It is used for testing claims about the natural world. d. It requires one to propose a theory and perform experiments to obtain results that confirm or disclaim the theory. e. It leads to a model of reality from a set of observations. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Scientist and the Artist DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/24/2018 7:12 AM 12. To explain natural phenomena, scientists must _____. a. have an opinion b. make observations c. guess correctly most of the time d. make assumptions e. always agree with existing theories ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 Chapter 01 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5 DIFFICULTY: Moderate QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Scientist and the Artist DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:48 AM 13. Which scientist first theorized that matter was ultimately composed of small indivisible particles called atoms? a. Dalton b. Lavoisier c. Empedocles d. Plato e. Democritus ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The First People to Wonder About Molecular Reasons DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:49 AM 14. _____ is known as the predecessor to chemistry. a. Alchemy b. Pre-chemistry c. Biology d. Biochemistry e. Physical science ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: Immortality and Endless Riches DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:49 AM 15. Which of these contributions did alchemists of the Middle Ages make to modern science? a. Sun-centered universe and metallurgy b. Metallurgy and the development of scientific techniques c. The scientific method and law of conservation of mass d. Law of conservation of matter and first atomic theory e. Law of conservation of mass and law of constant composition ANSWER: b Chapter 01 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6 POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: Immortality and Endless Riches DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:50 AM 16. Thales believed that _____ is the principle element of all things. a. earth b. air c. fire d. water e. gold ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The First People to Wonder About Molecular Reasons DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:50 AM 17. Which scientist is incorrectly matched with his idea or theory? Scientist Theory I. Copernicus A sun-centered universe II. Dalton Atomic theory III. Galileo A sun-centered universe IV. Vesalius Matter is composed of small indivisible particles. V. Boyle The simplest form of a substance is an element. a. I b. II c. III d. IV e. V ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Beginning of Modern Science DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:51 AM 18. Which two scientists are credited with the endorsement of a sun-centered universe? Chapter 01 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 7 a. Dalton and Plato b. Boyle and Copernicus c. Copernicus and Galileo d. Democritus and Vesalius ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Beginning of Modern Science DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:51 AM 19. The scientific revolution of the 1500s was marked by a move away from _____ and towards _____ as a method for explaining the natural world. a. law; theory b. alchemy; research c. reason; observation d. scientific theory; experimentation e. observation; experimentation ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Beginning of Modern Science DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:51 AM 20. Identify the entities that will correctly complete the flow chart. Chapter 01 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 8 I. II. I. Pure substance Mixture II. Element Atoms III. Mixture Solutions IV. Mass Mixture V. Mixture Atoms a. I b. II c. III d. IV e. V ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Classification of Matter DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:52 AM 21. Which of these substances are compounds? I. Neon II. Crude oil III. Water IV. Sodium chloride a. I b. I and III c. II, III, and IV d. III and IV Chapter 01 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 9 e. II and IV ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Classification of Matter DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:52 AM 22. Which of these substances are heterogeneous mixtures? I. Steam II. Milk of magnesia III. Crude oil IV. Rubbing alcohol a. II and III b. I and IV c. II, III, and IV d. I, III, and IV e. I, II, and III ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Classification of Matter DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:53 AM 23. Which of these substances are mixtures? I. Steam II. Crude oil III. Salt water IV. Gun powder V. Oxygen VI. Mercury a. II and III b. I and III c. II, III, and IV d. I, III, and V e. II, III, IV, and VI ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy Chapter 01 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 10 QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Classification of Matter DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:53 AM 24. Which of these are pure substances? I. Steam II. Crude oil III. Salt water IV. Gun powder V. Oxygen VI. Mercury a. I, II, and III b. I and III c. I, II, III, and V d. I, III, and V e. I, V, and VI ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Classification of Matter DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:54 AM 25. Which of the following is true of ice when it melts to form liquid water? a. A physical change occurs. b. A chemical change occurs. c. Both physical and chemical changes occur. d. The number of molecules of water increases. e. The number of molecules of water decreases. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Properties of Matter DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:54 AM 26. Which of the following is an example of a chemical change? a. Glass breaking b. Water freezing Chapter 01 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 11 c. Wood burning d. Alcohol vaporizing e. Ice melting ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Properties of Matter DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:54 AM 27. Which of these statements is true? a. The compositions of both mixtures and pure substances are variable. b. The compositions of both mixtures and pure substances are fixed. c. The composition of mixtures is variable, and the composition of pure substances is fixed. d. The composition of mixtures is fixed, and the composition of pure substances is variable. e. The compositions of both mixtures and pure substances can be fixed or variable. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Classification of Matter DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:55 AM 28. A substance composed of two or more different elements in fixed proportions is known as a(n) _____. a. atom b. element c. molecule d. ion e. compound ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Classification of Matter DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:55 AM 29. The simplest form of a substance is known as a(n) _____. a. element Chapter 01 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 12 b. ion c. mixture d. nucleus e. compound ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Classification of Matter DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:55 AM 30. Which of the following statements is not true of a chemical compound? a. A chemical compound is composed of two or more elements. b. A chemical compound is a pure substance. c. A chemical compound has a fixed composition. d. A chemical compound has a variable composition. e. The elements present in a compound are different from one another. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Classification of Matter DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:56 AM 31. The smallest unit of a chemical compound is a(n) _____. a. atom b. molecule c. beta particle d. alpha particle e. ion ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Classification of Matter DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:56 AM 32. A chocolate chip cookie is an example of a(n) _____. Chapter 01 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 13 a. element b. compound c. homogeneous mixture d. heterogeneous mixture e. alpha particle ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Classification of Matter DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:57 AM 33. Which of these statements is true? a. Gases are compressible and have a variable shape. b. Gases are incompressible and have a variable shape. c. Gases are compressible and have a fixed shape. d. Gases are incompressible and have a fixed shape. e. Gases are incompressible and can have a fixed or a variable shape. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Classification of Matter DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:57 AM 34. Which of these statements is true? a. Solids are compressible and have a variable shape. b. Solids are incompressible and have a variable shape. c. Solids are compressible and have a fixed shape. d. Solids are incompressible and have a fixed shape. e. Solids are compressible and may have a fixed or a variable shape. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Classification of Matter DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:57 AM Chapter 01 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 14 35. What does the figure represent? a. A heterogeneous mixture of elements b. A pure substance that is an element c. A pure substance that is a compound d. A homogenous mixture of elements and compounds e. A heterogeneous mixture of elements and compounds ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Classification of Matter DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:58 AM 36. Methane can be decomposed into two simpler substances: hydrogen and carbon. Therefore, methane is a(n) _____. a. mixture b. element c. atom d. compound. e. molecule ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Classification of Matter DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:58 AM 37. What does the figure represent? Chapter 01 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 15 a. A heterogeneous mixture of elements b. A pure substance that is an element c. A pure substance that is a compound d. A homogenous mixture of elements and compounds e. A heterogeneous mixture of elements and compounds ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Classification of Matter DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/18/2018 1:24 AM 38. A bowl of chocolate chip ice cream is best described as a _____. a. pure substance containing only elements b. homogenous mixture of elements c. heterogeneous mixture compounds d. pure substance containing only compounds e. heterogeneous mixture of elements ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False TOPICS: The Classification of Matter DATE CREATED: 4/3/2014 7:50 AM DATE MODIFIED: 1/22/2018 5:59 AM 39. Methane and oxygen react to form carbon dioxide and water. What is the mass of water formed if 3.2 g of methane reacts with 12.8 g of oxygen to produce 8.8 g of carbon dioxide? a. 7.2 g b. 8.8 g c. 9.6 g d. 14.8 g e. 16.0 g ANSWER: a