(Test Bank) Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology

Saladin, 3

Medicine

Test Bank

3rd Edition

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Test Bank for Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology, The downloadable file consists of 455 pages, and the total size of the file is 3.65 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Saladin

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Study Note Preview

Version 1 1 CHAPTER 1 1) Historically, the most accurate study of the body began with __________. A) X-rays B) dissection C) palpation D) MRI E) a stethoscope 2) A human body specimen used for dissection is called a __________. A) cadaver B) comparative specimen C) corpse D) dry specimen E) model 3) Feeling structures with your fingertips is called __________, whereas tapping on the body and listening for sounds of abnormalities is called __________. A) palpation; auscultation B) auscultation; percussion C) percussion; auscultation D) palpation; percussion E) percussion; palpation 4) Which of these is the best imaging technique for routinely examining the anatomical development of a fetus?Version 1 2 A) Auscultation B) PET scan C) MRI D) Sonography E) Radiography 5) The fact that most of us have five lumbar vertebrae, but some people have six and some have four is an example of __________ variation among organisms. A) cellular B) holistic C) physiological D) anatomical E) reductionist 6) When examining a patient, a nurse notices that their right kidney is not in its usual location. What does this most likely mean? A) The patient definitely has a kidney disease. B) The patient may simply have an anatomical variation. C) The patient is faking an injury. D) The patient's kidney was stolen by black market organ harvesters. E) The nurse is not good at palpation. 7) Understanding the respiratory function of mice, helps us understand the respiratory function of humans. This is an example of __________.Version 1 3 A) neurophysiology B) comparative physiology C) endocrinology D) physiopathology E) histology 8) Metabolism is the sum of __________. A) inhalation and exhalation B) growth and differentiation C) anabolism and catabolism D) positive and negative feedback E) responsiveness and movement 9) The change in size of the bone marrow (where blood cells are produced) as an infant matures is an example of __________, whereas the transformation of blood stem cells into white blood cells is an example of __________. A) development; differentiation B) growth; development C) growth; differentiation D) differentiation; growth E) differentiation; development 10) When you exercise you generate excess heat and your body temperature rises. Blood vessels dilate in the skin, warm blood flows closer to the body surface, and you lose heat. This is an example of __________. Version 1 4 A) negative feedback B) positive feedback C) dynamic equilibrium D) integration control E) set point adjustment 11) Blood glucose concentration rises after a meal and stimulates release of the hormone insulin. Insulin travels in the blood and stimulates body cells to uptake glucose from the bloodstream. This reduces blood glucose concentration. This is an example of __________. A) negative feedback B) positive feedback C) dynamic equilibrium D) integration control E) set point adjustment 12) Negative feedback loops are __________. A) homeostatic B) not homeostatic C) associated with "vicious circles" D) self-amplifying cycles E) harmful 13) The ability to maintain internal stability is called _________. A) homeostasis B) thermodynamics C) reproduction D) development E) evolution Version 1 5 14) When a woman is giving birth, the head of the baby pushes against her cervix and stimulates release of the hormone oxytocin. Oxytocin travels in the blood and stimulates the uterus to contract. Labor contractions become more and more intense until the baby is expelled. This is an example of __________. A) negative feedback B) positive feedback C) dynamic equilibrium D) integration control E) set point adjustment 15) Which of the following is most likely to cause disease? A) Positive feedback B) Negative feedback C) Homeostasis D) Equilibrium E) Irritability 16) On average the resting heart rate of a healthy, normal adult human is between 70 and 80 beats per minute (bpm). A marathon runner may have a resting heart rate of 55 bpm. This is an example of __________. A) a normal anatomical variation B) an exercise-induced physiological variation C) a pathological physiological variation D) an abnormality E) a pathological anatomical variation 17) Which of the following is least likely to result in physiological variation? Version 1 6 A) Gender B) Physical activity level C) Age D) Diet E) Time of day 18) Which of the following is considered the simplest living body structure? A) Organ system B) Organ C) Cell D) Organelle E) Molecule 19) An __________ is composed of two or more tissues types, whereas __________ are microscopic structures in a cell. A) organ system; organs B) organ system; organelles C) organ; organelles D) organ; molecules E) organelle; molecules 20) Which of the following lists the levels of human structure from themost complex to the simplest?Version 1 7 A) Organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system B) Organ system, organ, cell, tissue, organelle C) Organ system, organelle, tissue, cell, organ D) Organ system, organ, tissue, cell, organelle E) Organ, organ system, tissue, cell, organelle 21) Which of the following lists examples of body structures from the simplest to the most complex? A) Mitochondrion, connective tissue, protein, stomach, adipocyte (fat cell) B) Protein, mitochondrion, adipocyte (fat cell), connective tissue, stomach C) Mitochondrion, connective tissue, stomach, protein, adipocyte (fat cell) D) Protein, adipocyte (fat cell), stomach, connective tissue, mitochondrion E) Protein, stomach, connective tissue, adipocyte (fat cell), mitochondrion 22) A(n) __________ is a group of similar cells and their intercellular materials in a discrete region of an organ performing a specific function. A) macromolecule B) organ system C) organelle D) organism E) tissue 23) Which one of the following isnot in the correct anatomical position?Version 1 8 A) Arms at sides B) Standing erect C) Face and eyes facing forward D) Feet flat on the floor E) Palms facing posteriorly 24) Which plane passes vertically through the body or an organ and divides it into anterior and posterior portions? A) Sagittal B) Frontal C) Median D) Transverse E) Oblique 25) What is the only plane that allows one to see both kidneys and the umbilicus at the same time? A) Frontal B) Midsagittal C) Transverse D) Parasagittal E) Coronal 26) The image of a typical chest X-ray shows a __________ view of the thoracic region.Version 1 9 A) sagittal B) frontal C) transverse D) oblique E) lateral 27) The most superior segment of the upper limb is called the __________ region. A) digital B) manual C) carpal D) antebrachial E) brachial 28) The __________ region of the left lower limb is proximal to the __________ region of the same limb. A) carpal; manual B) femoral; crural C) antebrachial; brachial D) tarsal; crural E) brachial; femoral 29) The interscapular region is __________ to the scapular region.Version 1 10 A) anterior B) posterior C) medial D) lateral E) superior 30) The stomach is located mainly in which quadrant of the abdomen? A) Right upper quadrant (RUQ) B) Right lowerquadrant (RLQ) C) Left upper quadrant(LUQ) D) Left lowerquadrant (LLQ) E) Left middlequadrant (LMQ) 31) In the appendicular region, the wrist is called the __________ region, and the ankle is called the __________ region. A) manual; pedal B) brachial; crural C) crural; antebrachial D) carpal; tarsal E) metacarpal; metatarsal 32) The __________ cavity is inferior to the __________ cavity.Version 1 11 A) cranial; thoracic B) thoracic; abdominopelvic C) pericardial; pleural D) thoracic; peritoneal E) thoracic; cranial 33) The __________ wraps around the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. A) pleura B) pericardium C) meninges D) visceral peritoneum E) parietal peritoneum 34) The vertebral column encloses the __________. A) thoracic cavity B) abdominal cavity C) pelvic cavity D) vertebral canal E) cranial cavity 35) The brain and the spinal cord are protected by __________. A) a parietal layer B) a visceral layer C) mucous membranes D) serous membranes E) meninges Version 1 12 36) The thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity are lined by __________. A) an endothelium B) the mediastinum C) meninges D) serous membranes E) mucous membranes 37) The thoracic cavity is divided into right, left, and medial portions by a region called the __________. A) mediastinum B) diaphragm C) serous membrane D) meninges E) peritoneum 38) The __________ cavity contains the lungs, which are enfolded in the __________. A) thoracic; pleurae B) thoracic; pericardium C) thoracic; peritoneum D) abdominopelvic; peritoneum E) abdominopelvic; pleurae 39) The heart is in the __________ cavity and is covered by the __________.Version 1 13 A) thoracic; pleura B) thoracic; pericardium C) pericardial; pleura D) pericardial; peritoneum E) cranial; meninges 40) The abdominopelvic cavity contains a moist serous membrane called the __________. A) peritoneum B) pleura C) pericardium D) mediastinum E) meninges 41) Which of the following is not an organ system? A) Skeletal B) Endocrine C) Epidermal D) Reproductive E) Lymphatic 42) Which of the following is not an organ? A) Tooth B) Skin C) Nail D) Liver E) Digestive system Version 1 14 43) The __________ is an organ directly associated with both the __________ systems. A) stomach; digestive and reproductive B) pancreas; digestive and endocrine C) small intestine; digestive and integumentary D) testis; male reproductive and urinary E) ovary; female reproductive and lymphatic 44) Which system provides protection, water retention, thermoregulation, and vitamin D production? A) Lymphaticsystem B) Muscularsystem C) Skeletalsystem D) Integumentarysystem E) Excretorysystem 45) Which system contains the thymus, spleen, and tonsils? A) Endocrinesystem B) Respiratorysystem C) Lymphaticsystem D) Circulatorysystem E) Muscularsystem 46) Which two systems control and coordinate the 50 trillion cells that make up a human?Version 1 15 A) Muscular andnervous systems B) Circulatory andlymphatic systems C) Endocrine andnervous systems D) Circulatory andendocrine systems E) Muscular andskeletal systems 47) Which system breaks down food and absorbs nutrients? A) Digestive system B) Urinary system C) Reproductive system D) Circulatory system E) Lymphatic system 48) Which system regulates blood volume and pressure, stimulates red blood cell formation, and controls fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance? A) Urinary system B) Reproductivesystem C) Digestivesystem D) Muscularsystem E) Circulatorysystem 49) When writing his/her notes, a doctor mistakenly misspells the intended word "ileum" as "ilium", stating "examine the ilium further". What is the possible outcome of this mistake?