(Test Bank) Your Health Today

Teague, 8

Medicine

Test Bank

8th Edition

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Description

Test Bank for Your Health Today, The downloadable file consists of 458 pages, and the total size of the file is 2.63 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Teague

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Study Note Preview

Version 1 1 CHAPTER 1 TRUE/FALSE - Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 1) Health is conceptualized as having several domains, such as physical, mental, social, and spiritual domains. ⊚ true ⊚ false 2) Individual choice is the only factor governing a person's ability to live a healthy lifestyle. ⊚ true ⊚ false 3) Health disparities occur when all people have the equal opportunity to attain their full health potential. ⊚ true ⊚ false 4) Factors such as income level, available health care services, and literacy are examples of social determinants of health. ⊚ true ⊚ false 5) In the United States, poor health outcomes are associated with environmental pollution, low educational attainment, and poverty. ⊚ true ⊚ false 6) Of our 23 chromosome pairs, 22 are the same for women and men. ⊚ true ⊚ false Version 1 2 7) The complete set of DNA is called a person's genome. ⊚ true ⊚ false 8) In a person's complete set of DNA, one pair of genomes is labeled with an X or a Y rather than with a number. Females have two X genomes; males have an X and a Y genome. ⊚ true ⊚ false 9) Genetic mutations can be beneficial or harmful—or neither—to one's health. ⊚ true ⊚ false 10) If an individual receives a faulty, mutated copy of a gene from his or her mother, that person will most likely acquire a genetic disorder. ⊚ true ⊚ false 11) Most genetic disorders are caused by single-gene mutations. ⊚ true ⊚ false 12) Multifactorial disorders are those caused by the interaction of both environmental and genetic factors. ⊚ true ⊚ false 13) A family health tree is also called a genogram or a genetic pedigree.Version 1 3 ⊚ true ⊚ false 14) The most relevant information from a family health tree includes age and major diseases, as well as cause of death for deceased relatives. ⊚ true ⊚ false 15) A pattern of illness on your family tree means that you will most likely be affected by that disease and should seek genetic counseling. ⊚ true ⊚ false 16) When evaluating a family health tree, a family member who has a heart attack at age 70 raises more genetic concerns than a relative who develops colon cancer at age 28. ⊚ true ⊚ false 17) Sade's mother was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease at age 50. Courtney's grandmother was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease at age 82. Sade's mother's disease is more likely to have a genetic component. ⊚ true ⊚ false 18) One key difference between the Health Belief Model and the Stages of Change Model for understanding individual health behavior change is that the Health Belief Model acknowledges the role of perception, while the Stages of Change Model does not. ⊚ true ⊚ false Version 1 4 19) The Stages of Change Model emphasizes that change happens not as a one-time event, but as a process. ⊚ true ⊚ false 20) Adam is in the contemplation stage of the Transtheoretical Model when he decides that he will stop drinking alcohol at the beginning of next month. ⊚ true ⊚ false 21) In the maintenance stage of the Transtheoretical Model for health behavior change, a new behavior has been in place for a minimum of two years. ⊚ true ⊚ false 22) For some types of behaviors, the maintenance stage of the Stages of Change Model can be an ongoing, lifelong process. ⊚ true ⊚ false 23) Activities such as developing social support systems and establishing goals and rewards help people to move through stages in the Stages of Change Model. ⊚ true ⊚ false 24) A successful behavior change plan will include strategies for dealing with potential barriers to change. ⊚ true ⊚ false Version 1 5 25) For a person to change a behavior successfully, he or she does not need to have a perceived sense of self-efficacy. ⊚ true ⊚ false 26) A signed behavior change contract, with a family member or friend witnessing your new contracted commitment to change, is among the most effective tools for change. ⊚ true ⊚ false 27) When implementing a behavior change plan that involves a long-term health goal, you should strictly avoid setting and rewarding interim goals. ⊚ true ⊚ false 28) SMART is an acronym for Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, and Time-bound goals. ⊚ true ⊚ false 29) In assessing your health risks, it is important to ignore any emotional reaction you may experience. ⊚ true ⊚ false 30) Scientists typically consider the results of a single study to be conclusive and definitive. ⊚ true ⊚ false 31) The terms disease prevention and health promotion mean the same thing.Version 1 6 ⊚ true ⊚ false 32) The slogan "a society in which all people can achieve their full potential for health and well-being across the lifespan" accurately expresses the general goals of Healthy People 2030. ⊚ true ⊚ false 33) Healthy People 2030 includes a focus on health determinants. ⊚ true ⊚ false 34) Three of the leading health indicators in the United States—according to Healthy People 2030—are substance abuse, immunization, and mental health. ⊚ true ⊚ false 35) Community implies an interdependence between people and/or organizations within a defined region. ⊚ true ⊚ false 36) Hispanic is considered one of the primary racial/ethnic groups in the United States by the U.S. Census Bureau. ⊚ true ⊚ false 37) The terms ethnicity and race can be used interchangeably.Version 1 7 ⊚ true ⊚ false 38) Advances in medical technology, lifestyle improvements, and environmental protections have produced significant and equal health benefits for most American ethnic populations. ⊚ true ⊚ false 39) Race is a term used to describe a community based on common cultural origins and ancestry. ⊚ true ⊚ false 40) Compared to 16 other high-income countries ("peer countries"), the United States has the highest rates of obesity and diabetes. ⊚ true ⊚ false 41) In the United States, people in rural areas have a longer life expectancy than those in urban areas. ⊚ true ⊚ false MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 42) Which of the following is/are considered a social determinant of health? A) heredity B) employment status C) values D) the physical environment Version 1 8 43) Which of the following describes the process in which one adopts patterns of behavior that lead to greater life satisfaction? A) well-being B) health C) social determination D) self-efficacy 44) According to the socioecological model of health and wellness, which of the following is/are a factor in a person's natural physical environment? A) air quality B) sanitation systems C) access to health care services D) housing 45) Which of the following represents a society that supports equal opportunity for all people to attain their full health potential? A) geography B) population health C) health disparities D) health equity 46) Which of the following statements about cells and genes is FALSE? A) The sequencing of bases within a gene is of little significance. B) Each cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes. C) Our bodies are made up of about 260 different types of cells. D) Each chromosome contains hundreds to thousands of genes. Version 1 9 47) Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, includes which of the following? A) a triple helix B) proteins C) a nucleus D) four bases 48) When a change occurs in a gene, it is called a(n) A) recessive gene. B) allele. C) mutation. D) chromosomal disorder. 49) Alternative forms of the same gene are called A) recessive genes. B) alleles. C) mutations. D) chromosomes. 50) Genetic disorders caused by multiple genes interacting with the environment are called A) polygenic. B) autosomal. C) ecological. D) multifactorial. 51) Genes turn on or off to regulate the activity ofVersion 1 10 A) mutation. B) differentiation. C) RNA. D) multifactorial disorders. 52) What is the main purpose of creating a family health tree? A) to discover your personal health risks and strengths B) to identify environmental factors that influence your health C) to illustrate patterns of lifestyle habits in your family D) to estimate your life expectancy 53) Which of the following statements is true regarding family health trees? A) Basic information for each relative in the family health tree includes date of birth, major diseases, age, and cause of death. B) Results from genetic testing are required to create a family health tree. C) Lifestyle habit information should not be included. D) A family health tree traces a family's origin. 54) What information found in a family health tree indicates that a disease might have a genetic link? A) presence of a disease in family members with poor health habits B) onset of a disease at a late age C) appearance of a disease in one family member D) a family member with multiple cancers 55) The Stages of Change Model of health behavior change emphasizes thatVersion 1 11 A) change happens as a process. B) people change only when faced with an illness. C) change occurs only when the environment supports it. D) changes are more effective when based on personal perceptions. 56) The aspect of personal health that is most within your control is A) genetic inheritance. B) human biology. C) environment. D) lifestyle. 57) Adam's sister lectures him daily about the threat his smoking poses to his health. She argues that, if he quits, he would improve both his health and his athletic performance. Adam knows his sister is right, but according to the Stages of Change Model, he will actually quit smoking when he reaches the A) precontemplation stage. B) contemplation stage. C) preparation stage. D) action stage. 58) Mackenzie resolves to start exercising three times a week when a membership at a local gym begins, in two weeks. In which stage of change in the Transtheoretical Model is Mackenzie operating? A) contemplation B) preparation C) precontemplation D) action Version 1 12 59) In which stage of change in the Transtheoretical Model does an individual intend to change a specific health behavior within the next six months? A) preparation B) contemplation C) precontemplation D) action 60) Which of the following statements best illustrates a sense of self-efficacy? A) I can do it. B) I can't do it. C) I must do it. D) I should do it. 61) Which of the following best illustrates a SMART goal? A) I will get more exercise in the new year. B) I will avoid situations in which I am tempted to eat junk food. C) I will make smart health choices in each major life activity. D) I will eat my meals on time and limit myself to one snack daily. 62) Which of the following best illustrates an action step? A) Working out will help me lose weight. B) Beginning next week, I will work out three days a week. C) My workouts will involve weight-lifting. D) I hope to start working out every day. 63) The basic definition of health literacy refers to one's ability toVersion 1 13 A) navigate the health care system successfully. B) obtain and successfully use health information. C) describe symptoms to a doctor. D) achieve maximum wellness. 64) Which of the following statements about health risks is FALSE? A) By definition a health risk involves the probability or likelihood of an event occurring. B) A health risk is the probability of exposure to a hazard that can result in negative consequences. C) All health risks can be avoided. D) Health risks include factors such as age, gender, family history, income, and education. 65) The purpose of making a clinical study double-blind is to A) reduce researcher bias. B) guarantee the results. C) disguise the study's sponsors. D) make the results depend on the outcomes of other studies. 66) Which of the following statements is true concerning medical research studies? A) Subjects are not randomly assigned to either a treatment group or control group. B) To be considered reliable, the same results must be obtained by no other researchers conducting the same study. C) Researchers assign participants to either a treatment group or control group according to the order in which participants register for the study. D) Clinical studies attempt to establish cause-and-effect relationships. Version 1 14 67) Of the following, the best type of website on which to research health issues is one that is sponsored by a(n) A) commercial health organization. B) drug company. C) educational institution. D) individual. 68) In what type of research do scientists use interviews, surveys, and measurements to study large groups of people? A) market research studies B) clinical studies C) basic medical research studies D) epidemiological studies 69) Which of the following best illustrates a public health measure? A) upgrading the local hospital's dialysis equipment B) preventing the spread of disease-carrying insects C) medical schools competing for research grants D) promoting a new surgical technique 70) What is the major goal of primary disease-prevention efforts? A) to detect diseases before they become symptomatic B) to treat a person for particular problems associated with a disease C) to find a cure for prevalent diseases D) to inhibit the development of diseases 71) Which of the following is NOT a specific national health objective of Healthy People 2030?Version 1 15 A) Attain high-quality lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death. B) Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all. C) Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups. D) Focus on promoting health for older individuals. 72) Healthy People 2030 places increased emphasis on "health determinants," which A) target and measure important public health issues. B) include both social and environmental determinants. C) are based on scientific studies. D) are defined as a person's internal sense of control. 73) Which public health issue is NOT listed as a priority in the Healthy People initiative? A) tobacco B) oral health C) health on school campuses D) injury and violence 74) In general, what can American ethnic minority populations expect concerning their health, as compared to the general population? A) lower lifestyle risk factors B) equal health benefits from medical advances C) higher rates of cancer, infant mortality, and alcoholism D) decreased exposure to carcinogens