(Test Bank) Pharmacology

Mccuistion, 11

Nursing

Test Bank

11th Edition

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Test Bank for Pharmacology, The downloadable file consists of 367 pages, and the total size of the file is 2.72 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Mccuistion

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PRIMEXAM.COM Pharmacology 11th Edition Linda McCuistion Test Bank Chapter 01: The Nursing Process and Patient -Centered Care McCuistion: Pharmacology: A Patient -Centered Nursing Process Approach, 11th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. All of the following would be considered subjective data, EXCEPT: a. Patient -reported health history b. Patient -reported signs and symptoms of their illness c. Financial barriers reported by the patient’s caregiver d. Vital signs obtained from the medical record ANS: D Subjective data is based on what patients or family members communicate to the nurse. Patient - reported health history, signs and symptoms, and caregiver reported financial barriers would be considered subjective data. Vital signs obtained from the medical record would be considered objective data. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 2. The nurse is using data collected to define a set of interventions to achieve the most desirable outcomes. Which of the following steps is the nurse applying? a. Recognizing cues (assessment) b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis) c. Generate solutions (planning) d. Take action (nursing interventions) ANS: C When generating solutions (planning), the nurse identifies expected outcomes and uses the patient’s problem(s) to define a set of interventions to achieve the most desirable outcomes. Recogniz ing cues (assessment) involves the gathering of cues (information) from the patient about their health and lifestyle practices, which are important facts that aid the nurse in making clinical care decisions. Prioritizing hypothesis is used to organize and rank the patient problem(s) identified. Finally, taking action involves implementation of nursing interventions to accomplish the expected outcomes. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 3. A 5-year-old child with type 1 diabetes mellitus has had repeated hospitalizations for episodes of hyperglycemia. The parents tell the nurse that they can’t keep track of everything that has to be done to care for their child. The nurse reviews medications, diet, and symptom management with the parents and draws up a daily checklist for the family to us e. These activities are completed in which step of the nursing process? a. Recognizing cues (assessment) b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis) PRIMEXAM.COM c. Generate solutions (planning) d. Take action (nursing interventions) ANS: D Taking action through nursing interventions is where the nurse provides patient health teaching, drug administration, patient care, and other interventions necessary to assist the patient in accomplishing expected outcomes. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understan ding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 4. The nurse is preparing to administer a medication and reviews the patient’s chart for drug allergies, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. The nurse’s actions are reflective of which of the following? a. Recognizing cues (assessment) b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis) c. Take action (nursing interventions) d. Generate solutions (planning) ANS: A Recognizing cues (assessment) involves gathering subjective and objective information about the patient and the medication . Laboratory values from the patient’s chart would be considered collection of objective data. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 5. Which of the following would be correctly categorized as objective data? a. A list of herbal supplements regularly used provided by the patient. b. Lab values associated with the drugs the patient is taking. c. The ages and relationship of all household members to the patient. d. Usual dietary patterns and food intake. ANS: B Objective data are measured and detected by another person and would include lab values. The other examples are subjective data. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 6. The nurse reviews a patient’s database and learns that the patient lives alone, is forgetful, and does not have an established routine. The patient will be sent home with three new medications to be taken a t different times of the day. The nurse develops a daily medication chart and enlists a family member to put the patient’s pills in a pill organizer. This is an example of which element of the nursing process? a. Recognizing cues (assessment) b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis) c. Take action (nursing interventions) PRIMEXAM.COM d. Generate solutions (planning) ANS: C Taking action (nursing interventions) involves education and patient care in order to assist the patient to accomplish the goals of treatment. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention MSC: NCLEX: Management o f Client Care 7. A patient who is hospitalized for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) wants to go home. The nurse and the patient discuss the patient’s situation and decide that the patient may go home when able to perform self -care without dyspnea and hypoxia. This is an example of which phase of the nursing process? a. Recognizing cues (assessment) b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis) c. Take action (nursing interventions) d. Generate solutions (planning) ANS: D Generating solutions (planning) involves defining a set of interventions to achieve the most desirable outcomes, which, for this patient, means being able to perform self -care activities without dyspnea and hypoxia. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 8. A patient will be sent home with a metered -dose inhaler, and the nurse is providing teaching. Which is a correctly written expected outcome for this process? a. The nurse will demonstrate the correct use of a metered -dose inhaler to the patient. b. The nurse will teach the patient how to administer medication with a metered -dose inhaler. c. The patient will know how to self -administer the medication using the metered - dose inhaler. d. The patient will independently administer the medication using the metered -dose inhaler at the end of the session. ANS: D Expected outcomes must be patient -centere d and clearly state the outcome with a reasonable deadline and should identify components for evaluation. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 9. The nurse is generating solutions (planning) for a patient who has chronic lung disease and hypoxia. The patient has been admitted for increased oxygen needs above a baseline of 2 L/min. The nurse generates an expected outcomes stating, “The patient will have oxygen saturations of >95% on room air at the time of discharge from the hospital.” What is wrong with this goal? a. It cannot be evaluated. PRIMEXAM.COM b. It is not measurable. c. It is not patient -centered. d. It is not realistic. ANS: D The expected outcome is not realistic because the patient is not usually on room air and should not be expected to attain that expected outcome by discharge from this hospitalization. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 10. The nurse is developing a teaching plan for an elderly patient who will begin taking an antihypertensive drug that causes dizziness and orthostatic hypotension. Which hypothesis (problem) documented by the nurse is appropriate for this patient? a. Deficient knowledge related to drug side effects. b. Ineffective health maintenance related to age. c. Readiness for enhanced knowledge related to medication side effects. d. Risk for injury related to side effects of the medication. ANS: D This patient has an increased risk for injury because of drug side effects, so this is an appropriate hypothesis (problem) to direct the type of care and follow -up the patient will receive. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Diagnosis MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 11. An older patient must learn to administer a medication using a device that requires manual dexterity. The patient becomes frustrated and expresses lack of self -confidence in performing this task. Which action will the nurse perform next? a. Ask the patient to keep trying until the skill is learned. b. Provide written instructions with illustrations showing each step of the skill. c. Schedule multiple sessions and practice each step separately. d. Teach the procedure to family members who can administer the medication for the patient. ANS: C Nurses should be sensitive to patient’s level of frustration when teaching skills. In this case, breaking the steps down into individual parts will help with this patient’s frustration level. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 12. A school -age child will begin taking a medication to be administered at 5 mL three times daily. The child’s parent tells the nurse that, with a previous use of the drug, the child repeatedly forgot to bring the medication home from school, resulting in missed evening doses. What will the nurse recommend? a. Encourage the child to be more responsible and that it is important to take the medication as prescribed. PRIMEXAM.COM b. Putting a note on the child’s locker to encourage the child to take responsibility for medication administration. c. Asking the provider if 7.5 mL may be taken in the morning and 7.5 mL may be taken in the evening so that the correct amount is given daily. d. Taking the noon dose to school every day and giving it to the school nurse to administer. ANS: C For busy families with school -age children, it may be necessary to adjust the medication schedule to one that fits their schedule. The nurse should ask the pro vider if a revised schedule is possible. In this case, the most effective revised schedule would involve not taking the medication while at school. Putting a note on the locker is not likely to be effective. It is not correct to adjust the dose. DIF: Cogn itive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention | Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 13. A high -school student regularly forgets to use a twice -daily inhaled corticosteroid to prevent asthma flares and is repeatedly admitted to the hospital. The child’s parent tells the nurse that the child has been told that forgetting to take the medication causes frequent hospitalizations. The nurse will a. encourage the child to take responsibility for taking the medication. b. reinforce the need to take prescribed medications to avoid hospitalizations. c. suggest putting the inhaler with the child’s toothbrush to use before brushing teeth. d. suggest that the child’s parents administer the medication to increase compliance. ANS: C It is important to empower patients to take responsibility for managing medications. Putting the medication with the toothbrush can help this child remember to use it. Telling the child to take medications and reminding the child that failure to do so resu lts in hospitalization is not working. Asking the child’s parents to administer the medication does not empower the adolescent to take responsibility. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: Planning | Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 14. An adolescent patient who has acne is given a regimen of topical medications and an oral antibiotic that generally clears up lesions to fewer than 10 within 6 to 8 weeks. At a 2 -month follow -up, the patie nt continues to have more than 25 lesions. The child’s parent affirms that the child is using the medications as prescribed. Which statement below is correct for this patient to evaluate the outcome? a. “Goal of fewer than 10 lesions in 6 to 8 weeks is not met.” b. “Goal that the medication will be effective is not met.” c. “Goal that the patient will take medications as prescribed is not met.” d. “Goal that the patient understands the medication regimen is not met.” ANS: A PRIMEXAM.COM All indications are that this patient is taking the medications and they are not effective. The first statement is correct because it identifies a measurable desired outcome and a specific time frame. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 15. Which of the following would not be considered an important element of health teaching in drug therapy? a. Assess the patients’ health literacy skills. b. Assess all of the drugs on the patients’ profile for possible drug interactions. c. Avoid discussing potential side effects and adverse reactions with the patient to avoid nonadherence. d. Determine if the patient needs laboratory monitoring. ANS: C Potential side effects and adverse reactions should always be discussed with the patient so they know what to report to their health care team should they occur. All other factors considerations listed are important elements of health teaching. DIF: Cogni tive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment | Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies PRIMEXAM.COM Chapter 02: Drug Development and Ethical Considerations McCuistion: Pharmacology: A Patient -Centered Nursing Process Approach, 11th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The nurse is obtaining consent from a subject newly recruited for a clinical drug trial that will last for 6 months. All subjects will be given gift certificates for participating. One subject says, “Well, I guess if the drug doesn’t work, I’ll just have to put up with the symptoms for 6 months.” What will the nurse tell the subject? a. “Participation for the duration of the study is required.” b. “Participation may end at any time without penalty.” c. “Withdrawal from the study may end at any time, but the gift certificate will not be given.” d. “You can request placement in the treatment group.” ANS: B All participants have the right to autonomy, which is the right to self -determination. Patient s have the right to refuse to participate or to withdraw from a study at any time without penalty. Patients generally are not allowed to choose participation in either the treatment or the control group. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 2. The nurse is assisting with a clinical drug trial in which the side effects of two effective drugs are being compared. A patien t who would benefit from either drug has elected to withdraw from the study, and the nurse assists with the paperwork to facilitate this. This is an example of a. autonomy. b. beneficence. c. justice. d. veracity. ANS: A All participants have the right to autonomy, which is the right to self -determination. Patients have the right to refuse to participate or to withdraw from a study at any time without penalty even if the health care provider disagrees with that choice. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 3. During a clinical drug trial for a new medication, researchers note a previously unknown serious adverse effect occurring in more than 50% of subjects. The study is discontinued. Which ethical principle is being exercised? a. Beneficence b. Justice c. Respect for persons d. Veracity ANS: A Beneficence is the duty to protect subjects from harm. Once a serious adverse effect is noted and it is determined that the benefits do not outweigh the risks of the study, researchers have an ethical obligation to stop the study. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: N/A PRIMEXAM.COM MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 4. In a 5 -year clinical trial investigating a new cancer treatment, researchers note overwhelming improvement in almost all of the subjects in the t reatment group during the second year of the trial. It is decided to stop the trial early and report the findings due to the overwhelmingly beneficial effects. This decision was made based on which ethical principle? a. Beneficence b. Justice c. Respect for persons d. Veracity ANS: B The principle of justice requires that all people be treated fairly. Because the findings were overwhelmingly positive, an ethical decision was made to stop the study early and report findings so that additional people could gain benefit from the treatment. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 5. The nurse is enrolling subjects for a double -blind experimental study. One patient asks the nurse to explain the role of the experimental group. The nurse will explain that subjects in the experimental group in this type of study a. are selected for participation in that group. b. have unique baseline characteristics. c. receive a placebo. d. receive the experimen tal treatment being evaluated. ANS: D In a double -blind experimental study, subjects in the experimental group receive the treatment or drug under study. They are randomly assigned and not selected. They should have similar baseline characteristics to those in the control group. They do not receive a placebo. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention: Patient Teaching MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 6. The nurse is obtaining signatures on consent forms for participation in a clinical drug trial. One patient says, “I’m not sure I want to do this, but I need the cash.” T he nurse will take which action? a. Ask the patient to clarify concerns. b. Reinforce that cash is given to all subjects equally. c. Report this statement to the lead investigator. d. Review the elements of the study and obtain consent. ANS: C If a nurse suspects that a patient is being coerced to participate in the study, the nurse should report this to the principal investigator. When a patient verbalizes participation based on a financial reward, there is a potential element of coercion. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 7. Which of the following best describes preclinical in vivo testing? a. A comparison of experimental and control data in animals. b. A study conducted in a test tube in a laboratory. PRIMEXAM.COM c. A study that determines the effects of the experimental product in human participants. d. A study to assess the seriousness of the disease to be treated. ANS: A Preclinical in vivo testing is performed in animals or other non -human living organisms. In vitro studies occur in test tubes. Safe therapeutic dose studies are part of clinical research. Prior to clinical trials, an assessment is made of the disease and i ts seriousness. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 8. Drugs approved to the market in the 1980s may not be proven effective in a large portion of the population. The nurse understands that this is because these drugs a. did not pass through the appropriate phases of clinical trials. b. did not require human subject protections and are invalid. c. were not always tested in women, minorities, or children. d. were tested on healthy subjects only. ANS: C Drug research was historically performed primarily in Caucasian males, causing uncertainty as to the validity of the research results in the broader population. The NIH Revitalization Act passed by Congress in 1993 helped establish guidelines to include wo men and minorities in clinical research. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 9. The nurse is assisting with data collection in a study of drug effects in a small group of healthy subjects. The nurse assists with blood and urine collection to determine serum drug levels and the presence of metabolites in urine. Which phase of drug development does this best represent? a. Phase I b. Phase II c. Phase III d. Phase IV ANS: A Phase I drug trials are performed to assess safety and to identify the pharmacokinetics, such as metabolism and elimination, of drugs in healthy subjects. DIF: Cognitive Leve l: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 10. The nurse is enrolling subjects for a clinical drug trial in which subjects will be randomly assigned to either a treatment or a placebo group. The pills in both groups will be in identical packaging with identical appearance. The group that receives the intervention is the a. control group. b. experimental group. c. dependent group. d. independent group. ANS: B The experimental group in a drug trial is the group that receives the drug being tested. The control group may receive no drug, a different drug, a placebo, or the same drug with a different dose, route, or frequency of administration. Dependent and independent are not terms to describe groups in a study; they denote the variables. PRIMEXAM.COM DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 11. Respect for persons is a core ethical principle of human subjects research. Which of the following best describes this principle? a. Duty to protect research subjects from harm. b. Fair selection of research subjects. c. Right to self-determination. d. Patients are independent and capable of making decisions in their own best interests. ANS: D Respect for persons is based on the notion that patients should be treated as independent p ersons capable of making decisions in their own best interests. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 12. A clinical drug trial focused on determining the pharmacokinetics and safety of a drug in healthy individuals is concluding. The nurse will assist with enrollment of participants into the next phase of the study which will likely include which of the follo wing subjects? a. Healthy subjects b. Healthy and subjects with the disease the drug is being studied to treat c. Subjects with the disease the drug is being studied to treat d. Subjects with other diseases ANS: C After Phase I studies demonstrating drug safety and pharmacokinetics have been completed, the drug is tested on subjects who have the disease the drug is being investigated to treat. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process : Nursing Intervention MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 13. Before marketing a new drug that has been approved for use based on clinical effectiveness and safety, the manufacturer wishes to study the potential new uses for the drug. This is an example of which phase of study? a. Phase I b. Phase II c. Phase III d. Phase IV ANS: D Phase IV studies are performed, in part, to examine potential new indications for approved drugs. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 14. Which statement about the safety and efficacy of medications in children is accurate? a. Children cannot give consent, so clinical drug trials are not performed on children. b. Children can only be subjects in quasi -experimental clinical studies. c. Data from adult clinical drug trials should be extrapolated to children. PRIMEXAM.COM d. Federal law requires that drugs indicated for use in children be tested on children. ANS: D The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Modernization Act of 1997 requires that drugs intended for use in children be tested on children. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 15. The nurse is preparing to administer a schedule II injectable drug and is drawing up half of the contents of a single -use vial. Which nursing action is correct? a. Ask another nurse to observe and cosign wasting the remaining drug from the vial. b. Keep the remaining amount in the patient’s drawer to give at the next dose. c. Record the amount unused in the patient’s medication record. d. Dispose of the vial with the remaining drug into a locked collection box. ANS: A Schedule II drugs are controlled substances, and all must be accounted for. When wasting a portion of a drug, another nurse should observe and cosign that a drug was wasted. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies 16. A patient is prescribed a medication and asks the nurse if the drug is available in a generic form. The nurse understands that a generic drug name is a. a registered trademark. b. always capitalized. c. related to the drug’s chemical structure. d. nonproprietary. ANS: D The generic name is the official, nonproprietary name for a drug. The brand name is the trademark name and is always capitalized. The chemical name describes the chemical structure of the drug. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies 17. A patient receives a prescription on which the provider has noted that a generic medication may be given. The patient asks the nurse wh at this means. What will the nurse tell the patient about generic drugs? a. They contain the same inert ingredients as brand -name drugs. b. They have chemical structures that are different from proprietary drugs. c. They tend to be less expensive than brand -name drugs. d. They undergo extensive testing before they are marketed. ANS: C PRIMEXAM.COM Generic drugs are approved by the FDA if they are proved to be bioequivalent to the brand -name drug. They tend to be less expensive because manufacturers of these drugs do not have to do the extensive testing required of brand -name drugs before marketing. They are not identical to brand -name drugs and often have different inert ingredients. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention: Patient Teaching MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care 18. The nurse reviews information about a drug and notes the initials “United States Pharmacopeia (USP)” after the drug’s official name. The nurse understands that this designation indicates the drug a. is a controlled substance. b. is approved by the FDA. c. is available in generic form. d. meets USP quality and safety standards. ANS: D The “USP” designation is given to drugs that have met high standards for therapeutic use, patient safety, quality, purity, strength, packaging safety, and dosage form by the United States Pharmacopoeia National Formulary. The FDA classifies controlled subs tances with Roman numerals from I to V. The USP designation does not indicate FDA approval. The USP designation does not indicate generic availability. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies 19. The nurse is preparing to give a medication to a child. The medication is approved for use in children. The child’s parent asks whether the drug is safe for children. How will the nurse respond to the parent? a. “Drugs approved for use in children are tested on adults and safe doses for children are based on weights compared to adult weights.” b. “Drugs approved for use in children are deemed safe for children over time when repeated use proves ef fectiveness and safety.” c. “Drugs approved for use in children are tested for both efficacy and safety in children in order to be marketed for pediatric use.” d. “Drugs approved for use in children are tested on children in post -marketing studies and on a limited basis.” ANS: C The Pediatric Research Equity Act requires drug manufacturers to test drugs on children. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies 20. Which law(s) govern drug administration by nurses? a. Drug Regulation and Reform Act. b. FDA Amendments Act. PRIMEXAM.COM c. Nurse Practice Acts. d. The Controlled Substances Act. ANS: C Each state’s Nurse Practice Act identifies how nurses administer medications. The other acts govern how drugs are marketed and tested. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies 21. A patient is taking methadone as part of a heroin withdrawal program. The nurse understands that, in this instance, methadone is classified as which drug schedule? a. C-I b. C-II c. C-III d. C-V ANS: B Methadone is a category II drug, with a high potential for drug abuse. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies 22. The nurse is preparing to administer a combination drug containing acetaminophen and codeine. The nurse knows that this drug is classified as which drug schedule? a. C-II b. C-III c. C-IV d. C-V ANS: B Codeine is normally a category II drug, except when it is part of a combination product such as with acetaminophen, making it a category III drug. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies MULTIPLE RESPONSE 1. Which of the following are responsibilities of the FDA? (Select all that apply. ) a. To ensure a drug has accurate labeling b. To ensure a drug is affordable c. To ensure a drug is effective d. To ensure a drug is free from adverse reactions e. To ensure a drug is tested for harmful effects ANS: A, C, E PRIMEXAM.COM The FDA ensures that drugs are labeled correctly, that they are tested and proven effective for the conditions they are marketed to treat, and that they are tested for harmful effects. The FDA does not ensure affordability or freedom from adverse reactions , although these must be noted in drug information materials. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: N/A MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies PRIMEXAM.COM Chapter 03: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics McCuistion: Pharmacology: A Patient -Centered Nursing Process Approach, 11th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which drug will go through a disintegration process after it is administered? a. Intramuscular (IM) cephalosporins b. Intravenous (IV) vasopressors c. Oral analgesics d. Subcutaneous insulin ANS: C When drugs are administered parenterally, there is no disintegration process, which occurs when a drug administered orally is broken down into smaller particles, eventually dissolving and becoming available for the body to absorb. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies 2. The nurse is preparing to administer an oral medication and wants to ensure a rapid drug action. Which form of the medication will the nurse prefer to administer? a. Capsule b. Enteric -coated pill c. Liquid suspension d. Tablet ANS: C Liquid drugs are already in solut ion, which is the form necessary for absorption in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The other forms must disintegrate into small particles and then dissolve before being absorbed. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies 3. The nurse is teaching a patient who will be discharged home with a prescription for an enteric - coated tablet. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching? a. “I may crush the tablet and put it in applesauce to improve absorption.” b. “I should consume acidic foods to enhance absorption of this medication.” c. “I should expect a delay in onset of the drug’s effects after taking the tablet.” d. “I should take this medication with high-fat foods to improve its action.” ANS: C Enteric -coated tablets resist disintegration in the acidic environment of the stomach and disintegrate when they reach the small intestine. There is usually some delay in onset of actions after taking these medications. Enteric -coated tablets should not be crushed or chewed, which would alter the time and location of absorption. Acidic foods will not enhance the absorption of the medication. The patient should not eat high -fat food before ingesting an enteric -coated tablet because high-fat foods decrease the absorption rate. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention