(Test Bank) America A Narrative History

Brown,Tindall,Emory,Shi, 9

History & Arts

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9th Edition

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Author(s): Brown, Tindall, Emory, Shi

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Test Bank for America A Narrative History 9e Brown Tindall Emory Shi CHAPTER 1: The Collision of Cultures ( All Answers at the end of chapters ) TRUE/FALSE 1. Early Indian civilizations considered land and people sacred and did not make war or exploit the environment. ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: Page 6 OBJ: 1 TOP: Native Americans in 1500 (I.D) 2. The Indian tribes of the Pacific Northwest were largely agricultural . ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: Page 11 OBJ: 1 TOP: Expansion of Europe (III) 3. Ferdinand and Isabella forced Muslims and Jews to either become Christians or leave Spain. ANS: T DIF: Easy REF: Page 19 OBJ: 2 TOP: Rise of the nation -states (III.A.5) 4. Many of the New World's early explorers were looking for a shorter and safer route around Africa to India. ANS: T DIF: Moderate REF: Page 20 OBJ: 3 TOP: Explorations of the Portuguese (IV.A) 5. Christopher Columbus had to convince his sponsors that the best route to Asia was by sailing west. ANS: T DIF: Easy REF: Page 20 OBJ: 2 TOP: First voyage (IV.B) 6. The New World was named for the Italian expl orer Amerigo Vespucci. ANS: T DIF: Easy REF: Page 22 OBJ: 2 TOP: America named for Amerigo Vespucci (IV.D) 7. Before the arrival of the Europeans, the horse was an important part of every New World culture. ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: Page 23 OBJ: 2 TOP: Plants and animals (V.A) 8. The introduction of Indian foods such as corn and potatoes spurred a dramatic increase in Europe's population. ANS: T DIF: Easy REF: Pages 23–24 OBJ: 3 TOP: Worldwide population boom (V.B) 9. Ferdinand Magellan's ship was the first to sail around the world. ANS: T DIF: Easy REF: Page 26 OBJ: 2 TOP: Ferdinand Magellan (VI.B) 10. The presence of horses greatly disrupted the ecology of the Great Plains. ANS: T DIF: Easy REF: Page 38 OBJ: 3 TOP: Early Spanish settlements (VII.H) 11. Calvinism stressed tolerance and liberal theology rather than a strict moral code. ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: Page 42 OBJ: 6 TOP: Impact of Calvin (VIII.C) 12. The Church of England was established by gradually integrating Calvinism with English Catholicism. ANS: T DIF: Moderate REF: Page 42 OBJ: 6 TOP: Reformation in England (VIII.D) 13. Those who wan ted to purify the Church of England were called "Puritans." ANS: T DIF: Easy REF: Page 43 OBJ: 6 TOP: Reformation in England (VIII.D) 14. Francis Drake was one of the most famous English pirates. ANS: T DIF: Easy REF: Page 46 OBJ: 2 TOP: British effort (IX.C) 15. Virginia Dare, of Roanoke Island, was the first British child born in the New World. ANS: T DIF: Easy REF: Page 48 OBJ: 5 TOP: British effort (IX.C) MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Traditionally, scholars have believed that Paleo -India ns migrated from Asia into North America: A. in response to global warming B. in pursuit of large game animals C. beginning about a thousand years ago D. to escape tribal warfare in Asia E. in search of a disease -free environment ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF: Page 5 OBJ: 1 TOP: Siberia (I.A.1) MSC: Factual 2. The newest theories of early native migration from Asia to the Americas include: A. This migration came much earlier than previously thought. B. The Bering Land Bridge was the only avenue of migration. C. Changes in Asia's climate drove natives to the Americas. D. The natives built advanced sailing vessels for long seagoing voyages. E. Early Asian societies drove these natives out and ultimately they settled in the Americas. ANS: A DIF: Moderate REF: Page 6 OBJ: 1 TOP: Early stages (I.B.1) MSC: Factual 3. From AD 300 to 900, which group in Middle America (Mesoamerica) developed large cities, including gigantic pyramids? A. Aztecs B. Incas C. Mayas D. Pueblos E. Caribs ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: Page 8 OBJ: 1 TOP: Mayan farming (I.B.3) MSC: Factual 4. The city of Tenochtitlán was founded in 1325 by the: A. Mayas B. Chibchas C. Incas D. Aztecs E. Anasazi ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: Page 9 OBJ: 1 TOP: Aztec adaptation of Spanish culture (I.B.4) MSC: Factual 5. The Aztecs: A. were the most advanced example of the Adena -Hopewell culture B. had an empire of perhaps 5 million people in Mexico C. absorbed the Mayas around 1425 D. succumbed to the Toltecs around AD 900 E. were a peaceful, nomadic people ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF: Page 9 OBJ: 1 TOP: Aztec adaptation of Spanish culture (I.B.4) MSC: Factual 6. At the time Europeans arrived in North America, Indians: A. had largely died off from contagious diseases B. all spoke dialects of the same language C. were producing tools and weapons of iron D. fed themselves exclusively through farming E. tended to worship spirits in their natural surroundings ANS: E DIF: Moderate REF: Page 11 OBJ: 1 TOP: Shared attributes and assumptions (I.D.1) MSC: Factual 7. Which of the following would NOT characterize the Mississippi Indian culture? A. towns built around plazas and temples B. cliff dwellings and widespread use of irrigation C. cultivation of corn, beans, and squashes D. ceremonial human torture and sacrifice E. extensive trading activities ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF: Page 12 OBJ: 1 TOP: Mississippian culture (I.C.2) MSC: Factual 8. All of the following are true of the Anasazis EXCEPT that they: A. lacked a rigid class structure B. engaged in warfare only for self -defense C. lived in the Southwest D. were transformed by the arrival of horses E. were threatened by a prolonged drought ANS: D DIF: Moderate REF: Page 13 OBJ: 1 TOP: Pueblo -Hohokam -Anasazi (I.C.3) MSC: Factual 9. The arrival of Europeans in the Americas was driven by: A. a need to escape their home countries B. an adventurous curiosity C. a powerful greed to conquer and hold land D. competition between nations for the India trade E. the struggle for gold and slaves ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: Page 15 OBJ: 2 TOP: Brief settlement of Newfoundland (II.B) MSC: Factual 10. European exploration of the Americas was greatly assisted by: A. increased literacy B. the Reformation C. new sailing technologies D. decentralized European nation states E. the decline of European monarchies ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: Page 16 OBJ: 2 TOP: Improved navigational aids (III.A.2) MSC: Factual 11. Ancient Greeks: A. knew of the existence of the New World B. measured longitude at sea C. used printing presses D. knew of the riches of China and Japan E. knew that the world was round ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: Page 17 OBJ: 1 TOP: Knowledge that the earth was round (III.A.1) MSC: Factual 12. The extensive lands controlled by Muslims: A. hindered European trade routes to Asia B. were forfeited with the success of the Crusades C. lessened European interest in spices from Asia D. included France and Holland E. made many Christians begin to doubt their faith ANS: A DIF: Difficult REF: Page 18 OBJ: 1 TOP: Barriers to trade with the Orient (III.A.4) MSC: Applied 13. By 1492, united kingdoms in western Europe included all of the following EXCEPT: A. Italy B. England C. Spain D. Portugal E. France ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: Page 18 OBJ: 2 TOP: Rise of the nation -states (III.A.5) MSC: Factual 14. In 1492, Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain did all of the following EXCEPT: A. capture Granada, the last Muslim stronghold in Spain B. force Jews to either convert or leave Spain C. sponsor Columbus's first voyage across the Atlantic D. begin to build an overseas empire E. unite Spain and Portugal under one crown ANS: E DIF: Moderate REF: Page 19 OBJ: 2 TOP: Rise of the nation -states (III.A.5) MSC: Factual 15. The first Europeans to sail around Africa and on to India were the: A. Portuguese B. Spaniards C. English D. Italians E. Irish ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: Page 20 OBJ: 2 TOP: Explorations of the Portuguese (IV.A) MSC: Factual 16. Christopher Columbus first landed in the New World in: A. Venezuela B. Panama C. Jamaica D. Florida E. the Bahamas ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: Page 20 OBJ: 3 TOP: First voyage (IV.B) MSC: Factual 17. On his first voyage, Columbus: A. explored a number of Caribbean islands B. landed on the mainland of North America C. realized he had discovered a new world D. expressed his kind intentions toward the Indians E. ensured that he would be wealthy for li fe ANS: A DIF: Moderate REF: Page 21 OBJ: 2 TOP: First voyage (IV.B) MSC: Factual 18. Columbus succeeded in: A. finding a water route to Asia B. proving the world was round C. inspiring subsequent European explorations D. bringing the benefits of European civilization to the Indians E. finding rich sources of rubies and diamonds ANS: C DIF: Moderate REF: Page 22 OBJ: 2 TOP: Later voyages (IV.C) MSC: Factual 19. Which of the following animals were NOT found in the New World before the Europeans arrived? A. flying squirrels and catfish B. bison and opossums C. sheep and pigs D. turkeys and llamas E. rattlesnakes and iguanas ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: Page 23 OBJ: 3 TOP: Plants and animals (V.A) MSC: Applied 20. Food crops exported from the Americas: A. were more valuable to Europeans than gold or silver B. allowed a population explosion C. included the meat of cattle and pigs D. made Spain the most powerful nation in Europe E. included commodities like rice and wheat previously unknown in Europe ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF: Pages 23–24 OBJ: 3 TOP: Worldwide population boom (V.B) MSC: Applied 21. Which of the following foods did Europeans introduce to the New World? A. beans B. corn C. potatoes D. squash E. rice ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: Page 24 OBJ: 3 TOP: Plants and animals (V.A) MSC: Factual 22. After the arrival of Europeans, the greatest number of Indians died as a result of: A. depression B. starvation C. battle D. disease E. enslavement ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: Page 25 OBJ: 3 TOP: Spread of diseases (V.D) MSC: Factual 23. John Cabot's crossing of the Atlantic in 1497 resulted in his: A. sighting of the Pacific B. sailing around the tip of South America C. discovery of a shortcut to China D. exploration of Florida E. making landfall in present -day Canada ANS: E DIF: Moderate REF: Page 25 OBJ: 2 TOP: John Cabot (VI.A) MSC: Applied 24. In most cases, Spanish explorers and soldiers who came to the New World were motivated by all of the following EXCEPT: A. religious zeal B. desire to serve their fellow man C. pursuit of riches D. desire for power E. patriotism ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: Page 27 OBJ: 2 TOP: Motives of the Spaniards (VII.B) MSC: Conceptual 25. After defeating the native forces at Veracruz, Cortés: A. ordered all the defeated people to worship him as a god B. instructed all the defeated people to move out of the area C. insisted that all female prisoners be executed D. invited the warriors to join his advance on the Aztecs E. received permission from the governor of Cuba to go further ANS: D DIF: Moderate REF: Page 28 OBJ: 3 TOP: Hernán Cortés a nd conquest of the Aztecs (VII.D) MSC: Factual 26. A central element of Aztec religion: A. maintained that its god was a woman B. required the Aztecs to live at peace with their neighbors C. required offerings of human blood D. repudiated ritual sacrifices E. was infant baptism ANS: C DIF: Moderate REF: Page 30 OBJ: 1 TOP: Hernán Cortés and conquest of the Aztecs (VII.D) MSC: Factual 27. Cortez was primarily motivated by: A. his commitment to the supremacy of Spain B. a desire to organize encomiendas C. a drive to spread Christianity among native Americans D. his powerful sense of racial superiority E. Aztec gold ANS: E DIF: Moderate REF: Page 30 OBJ: 2 TOP: Hernán Cortés and conquest of the Aztecs (VII.D) MSC: Applied 28. During Corté s's siege of Tenochtitlan, the Aztecs were especially weakened by: A. the death of Montezuma B. cannon fire C. smallpox D. a crisis of religious faith E. a series of natural disasters ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: Page 31 OBJ: 3 TOP: Hernán Corté s and conquest of the Aztecs (VII.D) MSC: Factual 29. The encomienda system: A. kept the Portuguese out of Mexico B. allowed privileged Spanish landowners to control Indian villages C. benefited the Native American populations of Spanish America D. allowed Mayan and Incan leaders to become very wealthy through the labor of their people E. was replicated by the English in their later New World colonies ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF: Page 31 OBJ: 3 TOP: Patterns of Spanish conquest (VII.E) MSC: Applied 30. By the seventeenth century, the Indian population in Spain's New World empire had decreased by about: A. 5 percent B. 50 percent C. 25 percent D. 90 percent E. 10 percent ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: Page 32 OBJ: 3 TOP: Patterns of Spanish conquest (VII.E) MSC: Factual 31. The primary objective of the thousands of priests in New Spain was to: A. bless marriages B. establish towns C. educate Spanish colonists D. serve as government officials E. convert the Indians ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: Page 32 OBJ: 4 TOP: Patterns of Spanish conquest (VII.E) MSC: Factual 32. The government of Spain in the N ew World differed from that of the later British colonies in that: A. Spain permitted a greater degree of self -government in its colonies B. there was less bureaucracy associated with the government of the Spanish colonies C. every detail of colonial administration was closely regulated by the Spanish king D. Spain completely uprooted the native cultures it encountered E. Spaniards were more likely to settle as families ANS: C DIF: Difficult REF: Page 33 OBJ: 2 TOP: Develo pment of New Spain (VII.F) MSC: Applied 33. Spanish explorers of North America such as Narvaez, de Soto, and Coronado: A. found large deposits of gold and silver B. established numerous permanent settlements C. added to the knowledge of the continent's interior D. converted many Indians to Christianity E. journeyed as far north as current -day Canada ANS: C DIF: Moderate REF: Pages 34–36 OBJ: 2 TOP: Spanish exploration of North America (VII.G) MSC: Factual 34. In 1565, the first European town was established in the current -day United States at: A. Santa Fe B. St. Augustine C. Jamestown D. Plymouth E. San Antonio ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: Page 36 OBJ: 4 TOP: Early Spanish settlements (VII.H) MSC: Factual 35. The presidios established by the Spaniards in the Southwest housed: A. missionaries B. settlers C. soldiers D. ranchers E. explorers ANS: C DIF: Moderate REF: Page 36 OBJ: 4 TOP: Early Spanish settlements (VII.H) MSC: Factual 36. The original Spanish settlement of New Mexico: A. sought to Christianize Plains tribes like the Apaches B. was enriched by discoveries of gold and silver C. ended when Santa Fe was abandoned in 1620 D. was led by Juan de Oñate E. soon had a larger population than Mexico City ANS: D DIF: Moderate REF: Page 36 OBJ: 4 TOP: Early Spanish settlements (VII.H) MSC: Factual 37. Which is NOT true of the Pueblo Revolt of 1680? A. Indians forced the Spaniards to temporarily retreat. B. Indians attacked numerous churches and priests. C. It occurred in New Mexico. D. It led the Spaniards to immediately colonize Texas and California. E. It was led by an Indian named Popé. ANS: D DIF: Difficult REF: Page 38 OBJ: 4 TOP: Early Spanish settlements (VII.H) MSC: Applied 38. The introduction of horses to Plains tribes: A. unilaterally bettered the lives of their women B. lessened their dependence on bison C. replaced dogs as beasts of burden D. minimally altered the ecology of the Great Plains E. made them less nomadic ANS: C DIF: Moderate REF: Page 38 OBJ: 4 TOP: Early Spanish settlements (VII.H) MSC: Factual 39. Horses became so valuable in North America they: A. intensified intertribal competition and warfare B. were very hard to purchase C. became the sole responsibility of men D. were rarely used for hunting due to the dangers involved E. were worshipped as gods ANS: A DIF: Moderate REF: Page 39 OBJ: 3 TOP: Early Spanish settlements (VII.H) MSC: Conceptual 40. The Protestant Reformation was launched in Europe by: A. Henry VIII B. John Calvin C. Martin Luther D. Charles V of Spain E. Isaac Newton ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: Page 40 OBJ: 6 TOP: Martin Luther (VIII.B) MSC: Factual 41. A central element of John Calvin's theology was his belief in: A. salvation through good works B. predestination C. infant baptism D. papal infallibility E. the basic truth of all religions ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF: Page 42 OBJ: 6 TOP: Impact of Calvin (VIII.C) MSC: Factual 42. The Protestant Reformation in England: A. occurred more for political reasons than because of disagreement about religious doctrine B. was almost undone when Elizabeth tried to reimpose Catholicism C. was led by John Calvin D. occurred prior to the Reformation in Germany E. led to the overthrow of Henry VIII ANS: A DIF: Moderate REF: Page 42 OBJ: 6 TOP: Reformation in England (VIII.D) MSC: Applied 43. During Queen Elizabeth's reign: A. Catholicism again became the official religion B. archbishops and bishops were eliminated in the Church of England C. her subjects gained true religious freedom D. some Calvinists separated from the Church of England E. England became militarily weak and politically unstable ANS: D DIF: Moderate REF: Page 43 OBJ: 6 TOP: Reformation in England (VIII.D) MSC: Factual 44. The French captain, Jacques Cartier, most importantly explored the: A. Caribbean B. Mississippi River C. Great Lakes D. St. Lawrence River E. Hudson Bay ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: Page 44 OBJ: 2 TOP: French efforts (IX.A) MSC: Factual 45. Dutch sailors, like Sir Francis Drake, were essentially: A. slave traders B. explorers C. missionaries D. pirates E. deep -sea fishermen ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: Page 46 OBJ: 4 TOP: Dutch opposition to Spain (IX.B) MSC: Factual 46. The Spanish Armada: A. attempted to invade England B. was a treasure fleet attacked by the English C. was destroyed by a storm before it left Spain D. caused Spain to give up New World colonization as a result of its defeat E. broke English naval power for a century ANS: A DIF: Moderate REF: Page 46 OBJ: 5 TOP: British effort (IX.C) MSC: Factual 47. A major reason for the defeat of the Spanish Armada was: A. storms in the North Sea B. Elizabeth's brilliance as a naval strategist C. the incompetence of the Spanish captains D. the greater size of the English vessels E. inaccurate Spanish maps and compasses ANS: A DIF: Moderate REF: Page 46 OBJ: 5 TOP: British effort (IX.C) MSC: Factual 48. The explorer Sir Humphrey Gilbert: A. was lost at sea B. founded the Roanoke colony C. became a notorious pirate D. married Queen Elizabeth E. was an English captain hired by the French ANS: A DIF: Moderate REF: Page 48 OBJ: 4 TOP: British effort (IX.C) MSC: Factual 49. Which country did Sir Walter Raleigh argue should establish colonies in the New World? A. England B. France C. Holland D. Spain E. Portugal ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: Page 48 OBJ: 4 TOP: British effort (IX.C) MSC: Factual 50. The English attempt to establish a colony on Roanoke Island resulted in: A. a severe blow to Spanish power B. a permanent English presence in North America C. a severe blow to English power D. the execution of Sir Walter Raleigh E. the disappearance of the colonists ANS: E DIF: Moderate REF: Page 48 OBJ: 4 TOP: British effort (IX.C) MSC: Factual ESSAY 1. Describe the development of Spanish rule over its territory in America. ANS: Answer will vary. 2. In 1600, which European nation seemed to have the best chance at eventually controlling what is now the United States? Why? ANS: Answer will vary. 3. Explain the origins of the American Indians and compare the general cultures that they developed in South, North, and Central America. ANS: Answer will vary. 4. Explain the various factors of the European Renaissance that prompte d and promoted the exploration and settlement of the New World. ANS: Answer will vary. 5. The title of this chapter is "The Collision of Cultures." In what ways is this phrase an accurate assessment of the early relationship between the Old World and t he New World? ANS: Answer will vary. 6. Discuss the voyages of Columbus. What motivated hi m, and what did he accomplish on each trip? How did Columbus deal with those who doubted his claims? ANS: Answer will vary. 7. Describe the great biological exchange between the Old and New Worlds. Discuss what each world gained from the other. ANS: Answer will vary. 8. Explain the impact of the Protestant Reformation on the settlement of the Western Hemisphere. ANS: Answer will vary. 9. Discuss the impact of horses on the Great Plains. Be sure to include short -term as well as long -term consequences. ANS: Answer will vary. 10. Describe the role that disease played in the conquest of American natives. ANS: Answer will vary. MATCHING Match each description with the item below. A. conquered the Incan Empire B. wrote The Institutes of the Christian Religion (1536) C. led the first voyage to circumnavigate the globe but was killed in the Philippines D. began the Protestant Reformation E. was the captain of the Santa Maria F. led first French effort to colonize the New World G. defeated the Spanish Armada in 1588 H. explored what is now the southeastern United States I. a priest who wrote A Brief Relation of the Destruction of the Indies J. founded the first British colony in the New World at Roanoke Island 1. John Calvin 2. Jacques Cartier 3. Christopher Columbus 4. Hernando de Soto 5. Sir Humphrey Gilbert 6. Bartolomé de las Casas 7. Martin Luther 8. Ferdinand Magellan 9. Elizabeth I 10. Francisco Pizarro 1. ANS: B 2. ANS: F 3. ANS: E 4. ANS: H 5. ANS: J 6. ANS: I 7. ANS: D 8. ANS: C 9. ANS: G 10. ANS: A CHAPTER 2: Britain and Its Colonies TRUE/FALSE 1. Englishmen had a very well -developed sense of liberty as a result of the Magna Carta and the establishment of Parliament. ANS: T DIF: Easy REF: Page 53 OBJ: 1 TOP: British development (I.A) 2. As a result of the "Glorious Revolution," England abolished the monarchy and became a republic. ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: Page 56 OBJ: 2 TOP: The Glorious Revolution (I.B.5) 3. The Virginia Company was a joint -stock company. ANS: T DIF: Easy REF: Page 56 OBJ: 2 TOP: Virginia (III.A) 4. Due to its harsh winters, New England's death rate was higher than that of Maryland or Virginia. ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: Page 60 OBJ: 2 TOP: Settlement of the British colonies (III) 5. Sir Edwin Sandys took over the Virginia Company in 1618 and instituted important changes that stabilized the colony. ANS: T DIF: Moderate REF: Page 62 OBJ: 2 TOP: Events of 1619 (III.A.5) 6. An Indian attack in 1622 killed about one fourth of Virginia's settlers, including John Rolfe. ANS: T DIF: Moderate REF: Page 63 OBJ: 2 TOP: Indian massacre of 1622 (III.A.6) 7. By the mid -1670s, many of Virginia's free white adult males owned no land, and squatting became a significant problem. ANS: T DIF: Easy REF: Page 64 OBJ: 2 TOP: Stability as a royal colony (III.A.7) 8. Nathaniel Bacon was a former indentured servant who led a Virginia rebellion. ANS: F DIF: Moderate REF: Page 65 OBJ: 1 TOP: Bacon's Rebellion (III.A.8)