(Test Bank) Microbiology Fundamentals, A Clinical Approach

Cowan, 4

Biology

Test Bank

4th Edition

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Description

Test Bank for Microbiology Fundamentals, A Clinical Approach, The downloadable file consists of 800 pages, and the total size of the file is 4.03 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Cowan

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Study Note Preview

Version 1 1 CHAPTER 1 1) The major groups of microorganisms studied by microbiologists include ______. A) bacteria B) plants C) helminths D) algae E) fungi F) viruses G) archaea H) protozoa 2) Select all answers that are roles played by microorganisms in our environment. A) Carry out photosynthesis B) Biological decomposition C) Nutrient recycling D) Complex relationships with animals but not plants 3) Select statements that apply to the theory of evolution to test your understanding of evolution. A) Has undergone years of testing B) Is a new untested hypothesis C) Has not been disproven D) Lacks supportive evidence E) Is a well-established natural phenomenon 4) Which of the following are correctly matched? Version 1 2 A) Bacteria—no nucleus B) Bacteria—true nucleus C) Archaea—true nucleus D) Archaea—no nucleus E) Eukaryotes—true nucleus F) Eukaryotes—no nucleus 5) Select the main groups of macromolecules found in living things. A) Nucleic acids B) Oxygen C) Carbon dioxide D) Lipids E) Proteins F) Carbohydrates 6) Select the nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides that make up RNA. A) Guanine B) Uracil C) Thymine D) Adenine E) Cytosine 7) Select the nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides that make up DNA.Version 1 3 A) Guanine B) Uracil C) Thymine D) Adenine E) Cytosine 8) Select characteristics exhibited by all cells. A) Cytoplasmic membrane B) Nucleus C) DNA D) Ribosomes E) Cell wall F) Organelles 9) Select all areas that comprise the main aspects of the science of taxonomy. A) Classification B) Genetics C) Nomenclature D) Analysis E) Identification 10) When humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms, the process is called _____. A) bioremediation B) genetic engineering C) epidemiology D) immunology E) taxonomy Version 1 4 11) Which of the following is not considered a microorganism? A) Mosquito B) Protozoan C) Bacterium D) Virus E) Fungus 12) All microorganisms are best defined as organisms that ______. A) cause human disease B) lack a cell nucleus C) are infectious particles D) are too small to be seen with the unaided eye E) can only be found growing in laboratories 13) Which activity is an example of biotechnology? A) Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors B) A microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria C) Egyptians using moldy bread on wounds D) Escherichia coli producing human insulin E) Public health officials monitoring diseases in a community 14) Living things ordinarily too small to be seen with the unaided eye are termed _____.Version 1 5 A) bacteria B) viruses C) parasites D) microorganisms E) prokaryotes 15) The microorganisms that recycle nutrients by breaking down dead matter and wastes are called _____. A) decomposers B) prokaryotes C) pathogens D) eukaryotes E) fermenters 16) Cells, like bacteria and archaea, that do not have a nucleus in their cells have traditionally been called _____. A) decomposers B) prokaryotes C) pathogens D) eukaryotes E) fermenters 17) The first cells appeared about ______ billion years ago. Version 1 6 A) 5.2 B) 4.6 C) 3.8 D) 2.9 E) 1.5 18) Which of the following is not a human use of microorganisms? A) Making bread B) Treating water and sewage C) Manufacturing copper wire D) Mass producing antibiotics E) Cleaning up oil spills 19) Using microbes to detoxify a site contaminated with heavy metals is an example of _____. A) biotechnology B) bioremediation C) decomposition D) immunology E) epidemiology 20) Disease-causing microorganisms are called _____.Version 1 7 A) decomposers B) prokaryotes C) pathogens D) eukaryotes E) fermenters 21) The most prevalent worldwide infectious diseases are _____. A) AIDS-related diseases B) diarrheal diseases C) malaria diseases D) measles E) respiratory diseases 22) Which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them from the other major groups of microorganisms? A) Cause human disease B) Lack a nucleus C) Cannot be seen without a microscope D) Contain genetic material E) Lack cell structure 23) Helminths are _____.Version 1 8 A) bacteria B) protozoa C) molds D) parasitic worms E) infectious particles 24) Which group of microorganisms is composed only of hereditary material wrapped in a protein covering? A) Viruses B) Bacteria C) Parasites D) Fungi E) Helminths 25) Which statement correctly compares the sizes of different microorganisms? A) Bacteria are larger than viruses B) Bacteria are larger than eukaryotic microorganisms C) Eukaryotic microorganisms are smaller than viruses D) Archaea are larger than eukaryotic microorganisms but smaller than bacteria 26) The Dutch merchant who made and used quality magnifying lenses to see and record microorganisms was _____.Version 1 9 A) Francesco Redi B) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek C) Louis Pasteur D) Joseph Lister E) Robert Koch 27) Koch's postulates are criteria used to establish that ______. A) microbes are found on dust particles B) a specific microbe is the cause of a specific disease C) life forms can only arise from preexisting life forms D) a specific microbe should be classified in a specific kingdom E) microbes can be used to clean up toxic spills 28) The surgeon who advocated using disinfectants on hands and in the air prior to surgery was _____. A) Joseph Lister B) Ignaz Semmelweis C) Robert Koch D) Louis Pasteur E) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 29) Sterility refers to ______.Version 1 10 A) being pathogen free B) having an absence of spores C) having an absence of any life forms and viral particles D) being pasteurized E) being homogenized 30) Which scientist showed that anthrax was caused by the bacterium, Bacillus anthracis? A) Joseph Lister B) Ignaz Semmelweis C) Robert Koch D) Louis Pasteur E) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 31) If you were a microbiologist in 1950, which of the following scientific principles would you already know? A) Aseptic techniques could reduce the number of wound infections in the surgical setting. B) Biofilms can form on implanted objects in the human body and be responsible for infection. C) Enzymes found in bacteria can be used to cut DNA. D) Very little DNA is transcribed into RNA that is then translated into proteins. 32) Taxonomy does not involve _____.Version 1 11 A) nomenclature B) classification C) taxa D) identification E) common name 33) Which scientific field is involved in the identification, classification, and naming of organisms? A) Nomenclature B) Taxonomy C) Phylogeny D) Woesean classification E) None of the choices are correct. 34) The orderly arrangement of organisms into a hierarchy of taxa is called _____. A) classification B) identification C) nomenclature D) experimentation E) biotechnology 35) Which of the following is a taxon that contains all the other taxa listed?Version 1 12 A) Species B) Phylum C) Kingdom D) Genus E) Family 36) The smallest and most significant taxon is _____. A) genus B) species C) kingdom D) family E) phylum 37) Select the correct descending taxonomic hierarchy: A) family, order,class B) family, genus,species C) genus, species,family D) class, phylum,order E) kingdom, domain,phylum 38) Which of the following is a scientific name? A) Gram-positive streptococcus B) Staphylococcus C) Streptococcuspyogenes D) Anthrax E) Streptobacilli Version 1 13 39) When assigning a scientific name to an organism, ______. A) the species name is capitalized B) the species name is placed first C) the species name can be abbreviated D) both genus and species names are capitalized E) both genus and species names are italicized or underlined 40) The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is called _____, A) biotechnology B) genetics C) recombinant DNA D) phylogeny E) taxonomy 41) Which area of biology states that living things undergo gradual, structural, and functional changes over long periods of time? A) Morphology B) Phylogeny C) Evolution D) Genetics E) None of thechoices is correct. 42) A scientist studying the sequence of nucleotides in the rRNA of a bacterial species is working on ________.Version 1 14 A) determining evolutionary relatedness B) bioremediation C) recombinant DNA D) nomenclature E) determining if that species is the cause of a new disease 43) The scientist(s) who proposed organisms be assigned to one of three domains is(are) _____. A) Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur B) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek C) Carl Woese and George Fox D) Robert Whittaker E) Francesco Redi 44) Which scientific name is written correctly? A) Staphylococcusaureus B) staphylococcusaureus C) Staphylococcus Aureus D) Staphylococcus aureus E) STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS 45) Organic chemicals always have a basic framework of the element _____ bonded to other atoms.Version 1 15 A) carbon B) nitrogen C) oxygen D) hydrogen E) phosphorous 46) Most biochemical macromolecules are polymers, which are chains of ______. A) hydrophobic molecules B) electrolytic molecules C) repeating monomers D) repeating carbohydrates E) hydrogen bonds 47) All of the following are monosaccharides except _____. A) glucose B) glycogen C) fructose D) ribose E) deoxyribose 48) All of the following are polysaccharides except _____. A) glycogen in liver and muscle B) agar used to make solid culture media C) a cell's glycocalyx D) cellulose in certain cell walls E) prostaglandins in inflammation