(Test Bank) Hesi Exit Exam 2021 V1V15 Testbank

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Test Bank for Hesi Exit Exam 2021 V1V15 Testbank, The downloadable file consists of 971 pages, and the total size of the file is 5.94 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

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HESI EXIT EXAM  Latest 15 Versions / 15 Sets Exam  2500 + Verified Questions and Answers  Complete and Best Document for Exam  Download to Secure High Score in Exam Year -2021 HESI EXIT EXAM two weeks later to evaluate his blood pressure (BP). His BP is 158/106 and he admits that he has not been taking the prescribed medicat ion because the drugs make him “feel bad”. In explaining the need for hypertension control, the nurse should stress that an elevated BP places the client at risk for which pathophysiological condition? a- Blindness secondary to cataracts b- Acute kidney injury due to glomerular damage c- Stroke secondary to hemorrhage d- Heart block due to myocardial damage Rationale: Stroke related to cerebral hemorrhage is major risk for uncontrolled hypertension. 3. The nurse observes an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) positioning a newly admitted client who has a seizure disorder. The client is supine and the UAP is placing soft pillows along the side rails. What action should the nurse implement? a- Ensure that the UAP has placed the pillows effectively to protect the client. b- Instruct the UAP to obtain soft blankets to secure to the side rails instead of pillows. a- Assume responsibility for placing the pillows while the UAP completes another task. b- Ask the UAP to use some of the pillows to prop the client in a side lying pos ition. Rationale: The nurse should instruct the UAP to pad the side rails with soft blankest because the use of pillows could result in suffocation and would need to be removed at the onset of the seizure. The nurse can delegate paddling the side rails to the UAP 4. An adolescent with major depressive disorder has been taking duloxetine (Cymbalta) for the past 12 days. Which assessment finding requires immediate follow -up? a- Describes life without purpose b- Complains of nausea and loss of appetite c- States is oft en fatigued and drowsy d- Exhibits an increase in sweating. Rationale: Cymbalta is a selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor that is known to increase the risk of suicidal thinking in adolescents and young adults with major depressive disor der. B, C and D are side effects 5. A 60 -year -old female client with a positive family history of ovarian cancer has developed an abdominal mass and is being evaluated for possible ovarian cancer. Her Papanicolau (Pap) smear results are negative. What informa tion should the nurse include in the client‟s teaching plan? a- Further evaluation involving surgery may be needed b- A pelvic exam is also needed before cancer is ruled out c- Pap smear evaluation should be continued every six month d- One additional negative pap smear in six months is needed. Rationale: An abdominal mass in a client with a family history for ovarian cancer should be evaluated carefully 6. A client who recently underwear a tracheostomy is being prepared for discharge to home. Which instructions is mos t important for the nurse to include in the discharge plan? a- Explain how to use communication tools. b- Teach tracheal suctioning techniques c- Encourage self -care and independence. d- Demonstrate how to clean tracheostomy site. Rationale: Suctioning helps to clea r secretions and maintain an open airway, which is critical. 7. In assessing an adult client with a partial rebreather mask, the nurse notes that the oxygen reservoir bag does not deflate completely during inspiration and the client‟s respiratory rate is 14 breaths / minute. What action should the nurse implement? a- Encourage the client to take deep breaths b- Remove the mask to deflate the bag c- Increase the liter flow of oxygen d- Document the assessment data Rational: reservoir bag should not deflate completely du ring inspiration and the client‟s respiratory rate is within normal limits. 8. During a home visit, the nurse observed an elderly client with diabetes slip and fall. What action should the nurse take first? a- Give the client 4 ounces of orange juice b- Call 911 to summon emergency assistance c- Check the client for lacerations or fractures d- Asses clients blood sugar level Rationale: After the client falls, the nurse should immediately assess for the possibility of injuries and provide first aid as needed 9. At 0600 while admitting a woman for a schedule repeat cesarean section (C -Section), the client tells the nurse that she drank a cup a coffee at 0400 because she wanted to avoid getting a headache. Which action should the nurse take first? a- Ensure preoperative lab results are available b- Start prescribed IV with lactated Ringer‟s c- Inform the anesthesia care provider d- Contact the client‟s obstetrician. Rationale: Surgical preoperative instruction includes NPO after midnight the day of surgery to decrease the risk of asp iration should vomiting occur during anesthesia. While it is possible the C -section will be done on schedule or rescheduled for later in the day, the anesthesia provider should be notified first. 10. After placing a stethoscope as seen in the picture, the nur se auscultates S1 and S2 heart sounds. To determine if an S3 heart sound is present, what action should the nurse take first? a- Side the stethoscope across the sternum. b- Move the stethoscope to the mitral site c- Listen with the bell at the same location d- Observ e the cardiac telemetry monitor Rationale: The nurse uses the bell of the stethoscope to hear low -pitched sounds such as S3 and S4. The nurse listens at the same site using the diaphragm the diaphragm and bell before moving systematically to the next sites. 11. A 66 -year -old woman is retiring and will no longer have a health insurance through her place of employment. Which agency should the client be referred to by the employee health nurse for health insurance needs? a- Woman, Infant, and Children program b- Medicaid c- Medicare d- Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act provision. Rationale: Title XVII of the social security Act of 1965 created Medicare Program to provide medical insurance for person more than 65 years or older, disable or with permeant kid ney failure, WIC provides supplemental nutrition to meet the needs of pregnant of breastfeeding woman, infants and children up to age of 6. Medicaid provides financial assistance to pay for medical services for poor older adults, blind, disable and familie s with dependent children. COBRA(D) health benefit provisions is a limited insurance plan for those who has been laid off or become unemployed. 12. A client who is taking an oral dose of a tetracycline complains of gastrointestinal upset. What snack should th e nurse instruct the client to take with the tetracycline? a- Fruit -flavored yogurt. b- Cheese and crackers. c- Cold cereal with skim milk. d- Toasted wheat bread and jelly Rationale: Dairy products decrease the effect of tetracycline, so the nurse instructs the client to eat a snack such as toast, which contains no dairy products and may decrease GI symptoms. 13. Following a lumbar puncture, a client voices several complaints. What complaint indicated to the nurse that the client is experiencing a complication? a- “I am having pain in my lower back when I move my legs” b- “My throat hurts when I swallow” c- “I feel sick to my stomach and am going to throw up ” d- I have a headache that gets worse when I sit up” Rationale: A post -lumbar puncture headache, ranging from mild to severe, may occur as a result of leakage of cerebrospinal fluid at the puncture site. This complication is usually managed by bedrest, analgesic, and hydration. 14. An elderly client seems confused and reports the onset of nausea, dysuria, and urgency with incon tinence. Which action should the nurse implement? a- Auscultate for renal bruits b- Obtain a clean catch mid -stream specimen c- Use a dipstick to measure for urinary ketone d- Begin to strain the client‟s urine . Rationale: This elderly is experiencing symptoms of urinary tract infection. The nurse should obtain a clean catch mid -stream specimen to determine the causative agent so an anti -infective agent can be prescribed. 15. The nurse is assisting the mother of a child with phenylketonuria (PKU) to select foods that are in keeping with the child‟s dietary restrictions. Which foods are contraindicated for this child? a- Wheat products b- Foods sweetened with aspartame . c- High fat foods d- High calories foods. Rationale: Aspartame should not be consumed by a child with PKU because ut is converted to phenylalanine in the body. Additionally, milk and milk products are contraindicated for children with PKU. 16. Before preparing a client for the first surgical case of the day, a part-time scrub nurse asks the circulating nurse if a 3-minute surgical hand scrub is adequate preparation for this client. Which response should the circulating nurse provide? a- Ask a more experience nurse to perform that scrub since it is the first time of the day b- Validate the nurse is implementing the OR p olicy for surgical hand scrub c- Inform the nurse that hand scrubs should be 3 minutes between cases. d- Direct the nurse to continue the surgical hand scrub for a 5 - minute duration. Rationale: The surgical hand scrub should last for 5 to 10 mints, so the nurse should be directed to continue the vigorous scrub using a reliable agent for the total duration of 5 mints. It is not necessary to reassign staff (A). The length of the hand scrub and subsequent scrubs during the day require the same process for the same amount of time, (B and C) 17. Which breakfast selection indicates that the client understands the nurse‟s instructions about the dietary management of osteoporosis? a- Egg whites, toast and coffee. b- Bran muffin, mixed fruits, and orange juice. c- Granola and grapefruit juice d- Bagel with jelly and skim milk. Rationale: D includes dairy products which contain calcium and does not include any foods that inhibit calcium absorption. The primary dietary implication of osteoporosis is the need for increased calcium and reduction in foods that decrease calcium absorption, such as caffeine and excessive fiber. 18. The charge nurse of a critical care unit is informed at the beginning of the shift that less than the optimal number of registered nurses will be working that shift. In planning assignments, which client should receive the most care hours by a registered nurse (RN)? a- A 34 -year -old admitted today after an emergency appendendectomy who has a peripheral intravenous catheter and a Foley catheter. b- A 48-year-old marathon runner with a central venous catheter who is experiencing nausea and vomiting due to electrolyte disturbance following a race. c- A 63 -year-old chain smoker admitted with chronic bronchitis who is receiving oxygen via nasal cannula and h as a saline -locked peripheral intravenous catheter. d- An 82 -year -old client with Alzheimer‟s disease newly -fractures femur who has a Foley catheter and soft wrist restrains applied Rationale: (D) describe the client at the most risk for injury and complicat ions because of the factor listed. (A) has complete the recovery period form anesthesia but requires critical care because of the invasive lines and new abdominal incision. (B) is likely to be in excellent physical condition and has one invasive line neede d for rehydration. (C) is essentially stable, despite having a chronic condition. 19. Z a- Cleanse the foot with soap and water and apply an antibiotic ointment b- Provide teaching about the need for a tetanus booster within the next 72 hours. c- have the mother check the child's temperature q4h for the next 24 hours d- transfer the child to the emergency department to receive a gamma globulin injection Rationale: The nurse should cleanse the wound first and implement B next. 20. The mother of an adolescent tells the clinic nurse, “My son has athlete‟s foot, I have been applying triple antibiotic ointment for two days, but there has been no improvement.” What instruction should the nurse provide? a- Antibiotics take two weeks to become effective agai nst infections such as athlete‟s foot. b- Continue using the ointment for a full week, even after the symptoms disappear. c- Applying too much ointment can deter its effectiveness. Apply a thin layer to prevent maceration. d- Stop using the ointment and encourage c omplete drying of the feet and wearing clean socks. Rationale: Athlete‟s foot (tinea pedi) is a fungal infection that afflicts the feet and causes scaliness and cracking of the skin between the toes and on the soles of the feet. The feet should be ventilat ed, dried well after bathing, and clean socks should be placed on the feet after bathing. Antifungal ointments may be prescribed, but antibiotic ointments are not useful. 21. A 26 -year -old female client is admitted to the hospital for treatment of a simple goiter, and levothyroxine sodium (Synthroid) is prescribed. Which symptoms indicate to the nurse that the prescribed dosage is too high for this client? The client experiences a- Palpitations and shortness of breath b- Bradycardia and constipation c- Lethargy and lack of appetite