(Test Bank) Foundations In Microbiology

Talaro, 9

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Test Bank

9th Edition

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Test Bank for Foundations In Microbiology, The downloadable file consists of 856 pages, and the total size of the file is 5.5 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Talaro

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Foundations in Microbiology 9th Edition Talaro Test Bank Chapter 01 The Main Themes of Microbiology Multiple Choice Questions 1. Disease -causing microorganisms are called A. decomposers. B. prokaryotes. C. pathogens. D. eukaryotes. E. fermenters. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems Learning Outcome: 01.07 Review the roles of microorganisms as parasites and pathogens that cause infection and disease. Topic: Microbial Roles 2. The microorganisms that recycle nutrients by breaking down dead matter and wastes are called A. decomposers. B. prokaryotes. C. pathogens. D. eukaryotes. E. fermenters. ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations). ASM Objective: 05.03 Microorganisms and their environment interact with and modify each other. ASM Objective: 06.01 Microbes are essential for life as we know it and the processes that support life (e.g., in biogeochemical cycles and plant and/or animal microflora). ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Learning Outcome: 01.01 Define microbiology and microorganisms, and identify the major organisms included in the science of microbiology. Learning Outcome: 01.04 State several ways that microbes are involved in the earth's ecosystems. Topic: Microbial Roles 3. The microorganisms that do not have a nucleus in their cells are called A. decomposers. B. prokaryotes. C. pathogens. D. eukaryotes. E. fermenters. ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function Learning Outcome: 01.03 Describe the basic characteristics of prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells and their evolutionary o rigins. Learning Outcome: 01.05 Describe the cellular makeup of microorganisms and their size range, and indicate how viruses differ from cellular microbes. Topic: Cellular Organization 4. When humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms the process is called A. bioremediation. B. genetic engineering. C. epidemiology. D. immunology. E. taxonomy. ASM Objective: 04.05 Cell genomes can be manipulated to alter cell function. ASM Objective: 06.03 Humans utilize and harness microorganisms and their products. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Learning Outcome: 01.06 Discuss the ways microorganisms can be used to create solutions for environmental problems and industrial products. Topic: Basics of Genetic Engineering Topic: Recombinant DNA Technology 5. Which of the following are not considered microorganisms? A. mosquitoes B. protozoa C. bacteria D. viruses E. fungi ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution Learning Outcome: 01.01 Define microbiology and microorganis ms, and identify the major organisms included in the science of microbiology. Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms 6. All microorganisms are best defined as organisms that A. cause human disease. B. lack a cell nucleus. C. are infectious particles. D. are too small to be seen with the unaided eye. E. can only be found growing in laboratories. ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution Learning Outcome: 01.01 Define microbiology and microorganisms, and identify the major organisms included in the science of microbiology. Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms 7. Which activity is an example of biotechnology? A. bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors B. a microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria C. humans using yeast to make beer and wine D. Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the lungs causing tuberculosis E. public health officials monitoring diseases in a community ASM Objective: 06.03 Humans utilize and harness microorganisms and their products. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Learning Outcome: 01.02 Name and define the primary areas included in microbiological studies. Topic: Food Microbiology Topic: Microbial Roles 8. Which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them from the other major groups of microorganisms? A. cause human disease B. lack a nucleus C. cannot be seen without a microscope D. contain genetic material E. lack cell structure ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). ASM Objective: 02.05 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) differ among viruses and are determined by their unique structures and genomes. ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function General Viral Properties Learning Outcome: 01.05 Describe the cellular makeup of microorganisms and their size range, and indicate how viruses differ from cellular microbes. Topic: Viral structure 9. The Dutch merchant who made and used quality magnifying lenses to see and record microorganisms was A. Francesco Redi. B. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. C. Louis Pasteur. D. Joseph Lister. E. Robert Koch. ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). ASM Objective: 08.01 Properly prepare and view specimens for examination using microscopy (bright field and, if possible, phase contrast). ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills Learning Outcome: 01.09 Outline the major events in the history of mirobiology, including the major contributors to the early development of microscopy, medical advances, aseptic techniques, and the germ theory of disease. Topic: Histor y of Microbiology 10. Pasteur used swan -neck flasks in his experiments to prove that A. air had "vital forces" capable of spontaneous generation. B. microbial fermentation could be used to make wine. C. dust in air was a source of living microorganisms. D. microorganisms could cause disease. E. microorganisms could be grown in laboratory infusions. ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems Learning Outcome: 01.09 Outline the major events in the history of mirobiology, including the major contributors to the early development of microscopy, medical advances, aseptic techniques, and the germ theory of disease. Topic: History of Microbiology 11. Which of the following is not a process in the scientific method? A. belief in a preconceived idea B. formulate a hypothesis C. systematic observation D. laboratory experimentation E. development of a theory ASM Objective: 07.01a Ability to apply the process of science: Demonstrate an ability to formulate hypotheses and design experiments based on the scientific method. ASM Topic: Module 07 Scientific Thinking Learning Outcome: 01.10 Explain the main features of the scientific method, and differentiate between inductive and deductive reasoning and between hypothesis and theory. Topic: History of Microbiology 12. Spontaneous generation is the belief that A. germs cause infectious diseases. B. microbes are diverse and ubiquitous. C. microbes placed in an infusion can grow in it. D. aseptic techniques reduce microbes in medical settings. E. living things arise from nonliving matter. ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, or biological means. ASM Topic: Module 07 Scientific Thinking Learning Outcome: 01.09 Outline the major events in the history of mirobiology, including the major contributors to the early development of microscopy, medical advances, aseptic techniques, and the germ theory of disea se. Learning Outcome: 01.10 Explain the main features of the scientific method, and differentiate between inductive and deductive reasoning and between hypothesis and theory. Topic: History of Microbiology 13. Koch's postulates are criteria used to establish that A. microbes are found on dust particles. B. a specific microbe is the cause of a specific disease. C. life forms can only arise from preexisting life forms. D. a specific microbe should be classified in a specific kingdom. E. microbes can be used to clean up toxic spills. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Learning Outcome: 01.07 Review the roles of microorganisms as parasites and pathogens that cause infection and disease. Learning Outcome: 01.09 Outline the major events in the history of mirobiology, including the major contributors to the early development of microscopy, medical advances, aseptic techniques, and the germ theory of disease. Topic: History of Microbiology Topic: Microbial Roles 14. Which of the following is a taxon that contains all the other taxa listed? A. Species B. Phylum C. Kingdom D. Genus E. Family ASM Objective: 01.04 The traditional concept of species is not readily applicable to microbes due to asexual reproduction and the frequent occurrence of horizontal gene transfer. ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution Learning Outcome: 01.11 Define taxonomy and its supporting terms classification, nomenclature, and identification. Learning Outcome: 01.12 Explain how the levels of a taxonomic scheme relate to each other. Give the names of the levels, and place them in a hierarchy. Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms 15. Which of the following is a scientific name? A. bacteria B. Protista C. species D. Bacillus subtilis E. bacilli ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution Learning Outcome: 01.11 Define taxonomy and its supporting terms classification, nomenclature, and identification. Learning Outcome: 01.13 Describe the goals of nomenclature and how the binomial system is structured. Know how to correctly write a scientific name. Learning Outcome: 01.17 Recall the order of taxa and the system of notation used in creating scientific name Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms 16. Taxonomy does not involve A. nomenclature. B. classification. C. taxa. D. identification. E. Koch's postulates. ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution Learning Outcome: 01.11 Define taxonomy and its supporting terms classification, nomenclature, and identification. Learning Outcome: 01.12 Explain how the levels of a taxonom ic scheme relate to each other. Give the names of the levels, and place them in a hierarchy. Learning Outcome: 01.13 Describe the goals of nomenclature and how the binomial system is structured. Know how to correctly write a scientific name. Learning Outcome: 01.16 Explain the bases for classification, taxonomy, and nomenclature. Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms 17. The smallest and most significant taxon is A. Genus. B. Species. C. Kingdom. D. Family. E. Phylum. ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution Learning Outcome: 01.11 Define taxonomy and its supporting terms classification, nomenclature, and identification. Learning Outcome: 01.13 Describe the goals of nomenclature and how the binomial system is structured. Know how to correctly write a scientific name. Learning Outcome: 01.16 Explain the bases for classification, taxonomy, and nomenclature. Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms 18. The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is called A. biotechnology. B. genetics. C. recombinant DNA. D. phylogeny. E. taxonomy. ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution Learning Outcome: 01.12 Explain how the levels of a taxonomic scheme relate to each other. Give the names of the levels, and place them in a hierarchy. Learning Outcome: 01.14 Discuss the fundamentals of evolution, evidence used to verify evolutionary trends, and its use in studying organisms. Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms 19. A scientist studying the sequence of nucleotides in the rRNA of a bacterial species is working on A. determining evolutionary relatedness. B. bioremediation. C. recombinant DNA. D. nomenclature. E. determining if that species is the cause of a new disease. ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms 20. A scientist discovers a new microbial species. It is a single -celled eukaryote without cell walls. In which kingdom will it likely be classified? A. Monera B. Protista C. Fungi D. Animalia E. Plantae ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). ASM Objective: 02.04 While microscopic eukaryotes (for example, fungi, protozoa, and algae) carry out some of the same processes as bacteria, many of the cellular properties are fundamentally different. ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function Learning Outcome: 01.16 Explain the bases for classification, taxonomy, and nomenclature. Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms 21. A scientist collects grass clippings to find the source of an outbreak of tularemia is an example of working in the field of A. food microbiology. B. epidemiology. C. agricultural micro biology. D. genetic engineering. E. biotechnology. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Objective: 08.03 Use appropriate methods to identify microorganisms (media -based, molecular and serological). ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills Learning Outcome: 01.02 Name and define the primary areas included in microbiological studies. Topic: Epidemiology 22. Helminths are A. bacteria. B. protozoa. C. molds. D. parasitic worms. E. infectious particles. ASM Objective: 02.04 While microscopic eukaryotes (for example, fungi, protozoa, and algae) carry out some of the same processes as bacteria, many of the cellular properties are fundamentally different. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems Learning Outcome: 01.01 Define microbiology and microorganisms, and identify the major organisms included in the science of microbiology. Learning Outcome: 01.07 Review the roles of microorganisms as parasites and pathogens that cause infection and disease. Topic: Helminths 23. All of the following pertain to photosynthesis, except A. it occurs only in members of the kingdom Plantae . B. carbon dioxide is converted to organic material. C. it contributes to the oxygen content in the atmosphere. D. it is fueled by light. E. it is important to each ecosystem's flow of energy and food. ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations). ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways Learning Outcome: 01.04 State several ways that microbes are involved in the earth's ecosystems. Learning Outcome: 01.15 Explain the concepts behind the organization of the two main trees of life, and indicate where the major groups of microorganisms fall on these trees. Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms 24. Organisms called parasites are A. always classified in the kingdom Monera. B. always harmful to their host. C. the decomposers in ecosystems. D. always viruses. E. free-living. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems Learning Outcome: 01.01 Define microbiology and microorganisms, and identify the major organisms included in the science of microbiology. Learning Outcome: 01.07 Review the roles of microorganisms as parasites and pathogens that cause infection and disease. Topic: Microbial Roles 25. The surgeon who advocated using disinfectants on hands and in the air prior to surgery was A. Joseph Lister. B. Ignaz Semmelweis. C. Robert Koch. D. Louis Pasteur. E. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, or biological means. ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways Learning Outcome: 01.09 Outline the major events in the history of mirobiology, including the major contributors to the early development of microscopy, medical advances, aseptic techniques, and the germ theory of disease. Topic: History of Microbiology 26. Which scientist showed that anthrax was caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis ? A. Joseph Lister B. Ignaz Semmelweis C. Robert Koch D. Louis Pasteur E. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems Learning Outcome: 01.09 Outline the major events in the history of mirobiology, including the major contributors to the early development of microscopy, medical advances, aseptic techniques, and the germ theor y of disease. Topic: History of Microbiology 27. Select the correct descending taxonomic hierarchy (left to right): A. family, order, class B. family, genus, species C. genus, species, family D. class, phylum, order E. kingdom, domain, phylum ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution Learning Outcome: 01.12 Explain how the levels of a taxonomic scheme relate to each other. Give the names of the levels, and place them in a hierarchy. Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms 28. When assigning a scientific name to an organism, A. the species name is capitalized. B. the species name is placed first. C. the species name can be abbreviated. D. both genus and species names are capitalized. E. both genus and species names are italicized or underlined. ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other disciplines: Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology in written and oral format. ASM Topic: Module 07 Scientific Thinking Learning Outcome: 01.13 Describe the goals of nomenclature and how the binomial system is structured. Know how to correctly write a scientific name. Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms 29. The scientist(s) that proposed assigning organisms to one of three domains is(are): A. Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur. B. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. C. Carl Woese and George Fox. D. Robert Whittaker. E. Francesco Redi. ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution Learning Outcome: 01.03 Describe the basic characteristics of prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells and their evolutionary origins. Learning Outc ome: 01.14 Discuss the fundamentals of evolution, evidence used to verify evolutionary trends, and its use in studying organisms. Learning Outcome: 01.15 Explain the concepts behind the organization of the two main trees of life, and indicate where the major groups of microorganisms fall on these trees. Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms 30. In Whittaker's system, the protozoa and algae are classified in the kingdom A. Monera. B. Protista. C. Mycetae. D. Plantae. E. Animalia. ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. ASM Objective: 02.04 While microscopic eukaryotes (for example, fungi, protozoa, and algae) carry out some of the same processes as bacteria, many of the cellular properties are fundamentally different. ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function Learning Outcome: 01.01 Define microbiology and microorganisms, and identify the major organisms included in the science of microbiology. Learning Outcome: 01.15 Explain the concepts behind the organization of the two main trees of life, and indicate where the major groups of microorganisms fall on these trees. Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms 31. Which kingdom does not contain any eukaryotes? A. Monera B. Protista C. Mycetae D. Plantae E. Animalia ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution Learning Outcome: 01.15 Explain the concepts behind the organization of the two main trees of life, and indicate where the major groups of microorganisms fall on these trees. Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms