(Test Bank) PSYCHOLOGY Coon Journey 5th Edition-Chapter 11

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1 Test bank -PSYCHOLOGY Coon Journey 5edition-Chapter 11 Chapter 11: Health, Stress, and Coping MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. During the final weeks of the college semester, Mee Jung has barely managed to survive the rush of make-or-break term papers, projects, and classroom presentations and then endured a week and a half of stress, pressure, and frustration during final exams. She is now off for the summer and should expect a. a period of no stress but excessive boredom to occur. b. periods of intense stress to be frequently followed by illness. c. more periods of intense stress during the summer because of her Type A personality. d. none of the these occurrences, since periods of stress and of illness are unpredictable. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Mee Jung's Amazing Race OBJ: 11.1.1 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 2. Periods of stress are frequently followed by a. periods of no stress. b. periods of more intense stress. c. illness. d. good health. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Mee Jung's Amazing Race OBJ: 11.1.1 KEY: Concept 3. Which perspective has dominated Western thinking and views health as the absence of illness with damage to the body being inflicted by poor lifestyle choices, such as smoking or overeating, or by external causes, such as viruses? a. the psychosomatic perspective b. the mind-body perspective c. the medical model d. the biopsychosocial model ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.1 KEY: Fact 4. Any impact of the mind on health was dismissed as a mere placebo effect by the a. psychosomatic perspective. b. medical model. c. mind-body perspective. 2 d. biopsychosocial model. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.1 KEY: Concept 3 5. When you are sick, the problem is physical and requires a physical treatment, such as taking medicine, according to the a. psychosomatic perspective. b. mind-body perspective. c. medical model. d. biopsychosocial model. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.1 KEY: Concept 6. Which perspective views diseases as being caused by a combination of several different factors and involves the person who is sick playing a role in fostering his or her own health rather than passively getting treatments from a doctor? a. psychosomatic perspective b. mind-body perspective c. medical model d. biopsychosocial model ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.1 KEY: Concept 7. Which perspective defines health as a state of well-being that we can actively attain and maintain? a. the psychosomatic perspective b. the mind-body perspective c. the medical model d. the biopsychosocial model ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.1 KEY: Fact 8. Gordon has been feeling fatigued at work and has been experiencing more backaches and neckaches. He goes to his doctor, hoping she can diagnose his condition and prescribe some medicine that will alleviate his problems. Gordon’s view of health fits the a. hypochondriac perspective. b. mind-body perspective. c. medical model. d. biopsychosocial model. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.1 KEY: Application 4 9. Garrett has been feeling fatigued at work and has been experiencing more backaches and neckaches. Garrett believes that he must actively change aspects of his environment that contribute to his stress, such as utilizing stress-management techniques, getting more sleep, exercising more, and improving his diet. Garrett’s view of health fits the a. hypochondriac perspective. b. mind-body perspective. c. medical model. d. biopsychosocial model. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.1 KEY: Application 10. You have gone to your medical doctor because of a terrible backache, and he prescribes medicine but informs you of stretching exercises to perform and ways that you can relieve stress on your job. Your doctor believes that the medicine will work best and healing will be faster if he can help you make sense of your medical condition. Thus, your doctor follows the a. hypochondriac perspective. b. mind-body perspective. c. medical model. d. biopsychosocial model. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.1 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 11. The branch of psychology that studies how cognitive and behavioral principles can be used to prevent illness and promote health is known as psychology. a. developmental b. health c. behavioral d. stress ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.1 KEY: Fact 12. Health psychology is best defined as the a. study of the ways in which cognitive and behavioral principles can be used to prevent illness and promote health. b. use of psychological principles and research methods to solve practical problems. c. study of how individuals behave, think, and feel in the presence, actual or implied, of others. d. study of behavioral factors in medicine, physical illness, and medical treatment. 5 ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.1 KEY: Fact 13. Dr. Jade studies how behavioral factors in medicine, physical illness, and medical treatment influence patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Her specialty is a. forensic b. longitudinal c. psychiatric d. behavioral ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate medicine. REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.1 KEY: Application 14. Dr. Gerschivin is a psychologist that teaches people how to relieve pain, cope with chronic illnesses, and to perform self-screenings to prevent diseases, such as cancer. Dr. Gerschivin is working in the field of a. medical psychology. b. behavioral medicine. c. homeopathic psychology. d. developmental medicine. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.1 KEY: Application 15. A graduate student in psychology who decides on a career applying psychological knowledge to medical problems, such as diabetes or asthma. is choosing a. behavioral medicine. b. psychoneurology. c. medical psychology. d. neurophysiology. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.1 KEY: Application 16. Lifestyle diseases are of special interest to Dr. Cierro, who is a a. health b. community c. wellness d. psychosomatic ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Easy psychologist. 6 REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.1 7 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 17. Many diseases and half of all deaths in North America can be traced to a. accidents. b. unhealthy behaviors. c. infectious diseases. d. poor prenatal care. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.1 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 18. A century ago, people primarily died from a. infectious diseases and accidents. b. lifestyle diseases. c. suicide and war. d. malnutrition. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 19. Today people primarily die from a. infectious diseases. b. lifestyle diseases. c. accidents. d. genetic diseases. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 20. Heart disease, stroke, and lung cancer often result from health-damaging personal habits and are examples of a. dissociative disorders. b. traumatic stress diseases. c. lifestyle diseases. d. factious disorders. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Concept 21. The concept of lifestyle illness is associated with a. the causes of death at the turn of the century. b. infectious diseases and accidents. c. the probability of being pressured into committing suicide. d. modern causes of death. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 8 KEY: Concept 22. According to your textbook, which of the following are actions that increase the chances of disease, injury, or early death? a. health refusal factors b. neuroimmune risk factors c. behavioral risk factors d. Type B personality traits ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact 23. Bart has a very unhealthy lifestyle, which is marked by the presence of a number of a. health refusal factors. b. behavioral risk factors. c. cultural stressors. d. Type B personality traits. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 24. The concept of behavioral risk factors is associated with which of the following? a. the probability of becoming schizophrenic b. an increased chance of disease or injury c. the probability of committing suicide d. a major cause of congenital disorders ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 25. Regarding lifestyle diseases and behavioral risk factors, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Almost half of all deaths in the North America can be traced to unhealthful behaviors. b. Obesity is currently the main cause of preventable deaths in the United States. c. A person who is overweight at age 20 can expect to lose five to 20 years of life expectancy. d. Roughly two-thirds of all American adults are overweight. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 26. Regarding lifestyle diseases and behavioral risk factors, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Seventy percent of all medical costs are related to just six of the major behavioral risk factors. b. Smoking is currently the main cause of preventable deaths in the United States. 9 c. A person who is overweight at age 20 can expect to lose five to 20 years of life expectancy. d. All people who exhibit behavioral risk factors have a general disease-prone personality type. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 27. Currently, the main cause of preventable deaths in the United States is a. smoking. b. unsafe sexual behavior. c. alcohol abuse. d. obesity. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 28. Although it may become the leading cause in the near future, which factor currently ranks SECOND as a cause of preventable deaths in the United States? a. smoking. b. unsafe sexual behavior. c. alcohol abuse. d. being overweight. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 29. Obesity is considered a behavioral risk factor for many affluent nations. In the United States, it is currently estimated that what percent of all adults are overweight? a. 38 percent b. 50 percent c. 66 percent d. 80 percent ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact 30. Regarding lifestyle diseases and behavioral risk factors, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Approximately 450,000 people die every year from smoking-related diseases or about 20 percent of all deaths, regardless of the cause. b. Alcohol abuse is currently the main cause of preventable deaths in the United States. c. Seventy percent of all medical costs are related to just six of the major behavioral risk factors. d. Roughly two-thirds of all American adults are overweight with half of these being extremely overweight, or obese. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate 10 REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 31. Which of the following statements concerning behavioral risk factors is TRUE? a. Almost all of the causes of poor health are beyond one’s control. b. Luckily, unhealthy lifestyles usually center around one type of risk factor so that managing the behavior is relatively easy. c. All people who exhibit behavioral risk factors have a general disease-prone personality type. d. Some behaviors and lifestyles promote health, whereas others lead to illness and death. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Concept 32. High levels of stress, overeating, and unsafe sexual behavior increase the chance of injury or illness and are considered risk factors. a. refusal skills b. moderate c. behavioral d. emotional ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Concept 33. Major behavioral risk factors include which of the following? a. inadequate exercise b. reckless driving c. excess sun exposure d. all of these ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact 34. Which of the following is NOT one of the major behavioral risk factors listed in your textbook? a. high levels of stress b. eating a Mediterranean diet. c. inadequate exercise d. violence ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 11 KEY: Fact 35. As discussed in your textbook, lifestyle diseases related to just six behaviors, smoking, alcohol and drug use, poor diet, insufficient exercise, and risky sexual practices, account for what percent of all medical costs? a. 25 b. 40 c. 55 d. 70 ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact 36. Seventy percent of all medical costs are related to just six of the behavioral risk factors. These are smoking, alcohol abuse, drug abuse, poor diet, insufficient exercise, and a. violence. b. risky sexual practices. c. excessive sun exposure. d. reckless driving. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 37. At least 30 percent of U.S. high school students have engaged in which of the following health- endangering behaviors in the previous month? a. did not use a condom during last sexual intercourse b. drank alcohol c. was in a physical fight d. all of these ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact 38. At least 42 percent of U.S. high school students have engaged in which of the following health- endangering behaviors in the previous month? a. used marijuana b. engaged in sexual intercourse c. drank alcohol d. smoked cigarettes ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact 39. According to your textbook, which of the following risky behaviors did 81 percent of adolescents typically exhibit during the previous month? a. smoking cigarettes 12 b. drinking alcohol c. engaging in sexual intercourse d. not getting enough physical exercise ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 40. Of those behaviors listed for the previous month, which of the following risky behaviors showed the LOWEST percentage among adolescents? a. using marijuana b. drinking alcohol c. engaging in sexual intercourse d. being in a physical fight ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 41. Of those behaviors listed for the previous month, which of the following risky behaviors showed the HIGHEST percentage among adolescents? a. using marijuana b. riding with a drinking driver c. smoking cigarettes d. being in a physical fight ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 42. People’s health, happiness, and life expectancy are greatly affected by the health habits that they have developed by the time they are years of age. a. 10 to 12 b. 18 to 19 c. 25 to 30 d. 40 to 45 ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact 43. The disease-prone personality is characterized by a. mania. b. extraversion. c. hostility. d. Type-B attributes. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Concept 44. The term disease-prone personality refers to a person who 13 a. engages constantly in cigarette smoking. b. drives at excessive speeds. c. has persistent negative emotions associated with poor health. d. is uncontrollably violent. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact 45. Which type of personality is associated with a person being frequently ill and is marked by persistent negative emotions, including anxiety, hostility, and depression? a. Type B b. behavioral risk c. stress-prone d. disease-prone ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact 46. Megan is often so depressed that she eats and sleeps poorly, rarely exercises, and has been smoking more. According to health psychologists, Megan is exhibiting a a. disease-prone personality. b. Type B personality. c. behavioral risk personality. d. stress-prone personality. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Application 47. Those who are compassionate, resourceful, optimistic, and non-hostile tend to have a. good health. b. more money. c. more sexual partners. d. more depression. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Concept 48. Which of the following, in particular, is likely to damage health, since individuals with this condition tend to eat poorly, sleep poorly, rarely exercise, fail to use seat belts in cars, and smoke too much? a. anxiety b. depression c. pessimism d. dissociative disorder ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 14 KEY: Concept 49. Regarding lifestyle and health, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Small risks can add up, dramatically raising the chance of illness. b. Most infectious diseases are not linked to behavioral risks. c. Pneumonia occurs at high rates in people who have cancer, heart disease, lung disease, or liver disease. d. Those people who overeat usually do not get enough exercise. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Fact 50. People who smoke are also more likely to drink excessively, and people who overeat usually do not get enough exercise. These observations illustrate that a. many people have a disease-prone personality. b. genetics plays a strong role in one’s addictions. c. unhealthy lifestyles almost always create multiple risks. d. the causes of poor health are coincidental and unpredictable. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Concept 51. Pneumonia and other infections occur at higher rates in people who have cancer, heart disease, lung disease, or liver disease, which illustrates that a. infectious diseases are often linked to behavioral risks, such as smoking, poor diet, and alcohol abuse. b. many people have a disease-prone personality that causes additional infections. c. genetics plays a strong role in the cause of cancers and diseases. d. the causes of cancers and diseases are coincidental and unpredictable. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.2 KEY: Concept 52. To prevent disease, health psychologists first try to a. remove behavioral risk factors. b. compensate for genetic predispositions. c. use maintenance doses of medication. d. use quarantines to alleviate the threat to healthy individuals. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Concept 53. Jason has high blood pressure. Changes he can make to treat this lifestyle disease include a. consuming less sodium (salt). b. getting more exercise and losing weight. c. using alcohol sparingly. d. all of these. 15 ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Application 54. Men and women engaging in health-promoting behaviors, such as getting adequate sleep, maintaining an ideal weight, and limiting the use of alcohol, can expect to a. psychologically crave a more exciting life. b. increase their life expectancy. c. be envious of friends who are risk-takers. d. have happiness and harmony in their relationships with others. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Concept 55. Which of the following include such obvious practices as getting regular exercise, controlling smoking and alcohol use, maintaining a balanced diet, getting good medical care, and managing stress? a. refusal skills training b. behavioral risk factors c. life skills training d. health-promoting behaviors ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 56. For adults who were careful about diet, alcohol, exercise, and smoking, their risk of dying was cut by what percent over a 10-year period? a. 10 percent b. 25 percent c. 50 percent d. 65 percent ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Fact 57. The healthiest people in a study of health-promoting behaviors reaped the benefits of which of the following diet and exercise plans? a. maintaining a strict diet of tofu and wheat grass and exercising at least two hours per day b. adhering to a restrictive diet at least five days a week and engaging in strenuous exercise at least an hour per day c. eating a Mediterranean diet and getting 30 minutes of exercise three or four times a week d. eating a high-protein diet of red meat and very few carbohydrates and getting moderate exercise at least twice a week ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Concept 16 58. According to a recent study, the healthiest people eat a diet high in fruit, vegetables, and fish, and low in red meat and dairy products. This diet is called the diet. a. American b. Mediterranean c. Asian d. Hawaiian ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Fact 59. Jayne eats a diet high in fruits, vegetables, and fish, and low in red meat and dairy products. This healthy diet is known as the diet. a. American b. Mediterranean c. Asian d. Hawaiian ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Application 60. Moderation in drinking alcohol means consuming only a. one alcoholic drink per week. b. two alcoholic drinks per week. c. only one or two alcoholic drinks per day and remaining alcohol-free two or three days per week. d. three or four alcoholic drinks per day and being alcohol-free at least one day a week. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Fact 61. An increased risk of stroke, cirrhosis of the liver, cancer, high blood pressure, and heart disorders has been found from a. consuming one alcoholic drink per day. b. consuming two alcoholic drinks per day. c. consuming three or more alcoholic drinks per day. d. none of these, since a person would have to consume at least six alcoholic drinks per day for at least five years to increase his or her risk of these conditions. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 17 KEY: Fact 62. Good health-promoting behaviors include a. not smoking cigarettes. b. not consuming more than two alcoholic drinks per day. c. providing for periods of relaxation every day. d. all of these. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Fact 63. Which of the following is NOT one of the major health-promoting behaviors listed in the text? a. learn stress management b. get adequate sleep c. get regular exercise d. eat a high protein, low carbohydrate diet ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Fact 64. Which of the following is NOT one of the major health-promoting behaviors listed in the text? a. consume no more than four alcoholic drinks per day b. use seat belts and minimize sun exposure c. lower blood pressure with diet and exercise, or medicine if necessary d. eat a balanced, low-fat diet ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 65. Regarding the promotion of healthy and unhealthy behaviors, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Research has shown that one glass of red wine daily may be healthy. b. Five smokers in 10 will have long-term success at quitting. c. If one smoker in a group of smokers quits, others are more likely to follow suit. d. People were found to be 57 percent more likely to become obese if they had a friend who became overweight first. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 66. According to researchers Christakis and Fowler, which of the following is often a barrier to changing unhealthy behaviors? a. social factors b. chronic infectious diseases c. a lack of money d. a lack of knowledge 18 ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Fact 67. What percent of people were more likely to become obese if they had a friend who became overweight first? a. 27 percent b. 57 percent c. 77 percent d. 97 percent ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 68. Sarah is a freshman in college and found that she started gaining weight after spending a lot of her time with her roommate Gayle, who is overweight. Sarah’s weight gain is best explained by a. a lack of motivation that occurs when first starting to college. b. a lower metabolism that occurs in late adolescence. c. the adoption of her roommate’s eating habits. d. the minor depression or “college blues” that set in upon leaving home. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Application 69. Regarding social factors that promote unhealthy behaviors, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. A study found that people were 97 percent more likely to become obese if they had a friend who became fat first. b. If one smoker in a group of smokers quits, others are more likely to follow suit. c. Spending time with drinkers tends to increase one’s alcohol consumption. d. We tend to flock together with like-minded people and adopt many of their habits. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 70. If their spouse quits smoking, what percent of people are more likely to quit smoking? a. 90 percent b. 72 percent c. 67 percent d. 36 percent ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 71. If a good friend quits smoking, what percent of people are more likely to quit smoking? a. 90 percent b. 72 percent 19 c. 67 percent d. 36 percent ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 72. According to your textbook, what percent of American adults still smoke? a. six percent b. 19 percent c. 28 percent d. 37 percent ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 73. If you are overweight or need to quit smoking, you should do all of the following EXCEPT a. isolate yourself from your friends until you completely change your unhealthy behavior. b. develop friends in a healthier crowd. c. decide to start healthier habits and get your friends to join you. d. learn refusal skills. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 / 11.1.4 KEY: Application 74. According to your textbook, how many smokers out of ten successful quit smoking long-term? a. one b. three c. five d. seven ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 / 11.1.4 KEY: Fact 75. Tom’s friends are very worried about him because he is engaging in the single most lethal behavioral risk factor and the largest preventable cause of death. Tom’s lethal habit is a. smoking. b. reckless driving. c. alcohol abuse. d. obesity. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.3 / 11.1.4 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 20 76. The best way to deal with smoking involves campaigns to a. help people reduce the number of cigarettes they smoke each day. b. prevent cigarette smoking before it begins. c. help people change to smokeless tobacco products. d. reduce the nicotine levels in cigarettes. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.4 KEY: Concept 77. School-based smoking prevention programs have used a. anti-smoking art contests. b. poster and T-shirt giveaways. c. questions for students to ask their parents. d. all of these. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.4 KEY: Fact 78. Regarding school-based antismoking programs, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Many of the programs are designed to persuade students that smoking is dangerous and “uncool.” b. The attitudes of teens toward smoking have not changed dramatically in the last 20 years. c. Some antismoking programs are helping youths to learn to resist peer pressure to begin smoking. d. Some antismoking programs include methods to cope with stress without turning to smoking and drug use. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.4 KEY: Fact 79. A program with the greatest likelihood of success in reducing health risks associated with smoking by young people would use a. aversive conditioning to stop smoking. b. attitude-change programs to stop smoking. c. advertising campaigns to encourage smokers to switch to smokeless tobacco. d. role-playing to resist peer pressure. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.4 KEY: Concept 80. Greg is receiving refusal skills training at his high school. Typically, this type of training is used to teach young people how to a. avoid smoking and other drug use. b. cope with burnout. c. resist stressors at home and at school. d. avoid forming study habits that lead to school failure. 21 ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.4 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 81. It has been found that the best way to prevent people from smoking is to stop the behavior before it begins. A type of program that teaches youth to resist pressures from peers or adults to smoke is called a. avoidance therapy. b. refusal skills training. c. desensitization training. d. eradication therapy. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.4 KEY: Fact 82. According to your textbook, some of the best anti-smoking programs that help young people resist pressure from peers, adults, and the media to start smoking involve training. a. behavioral risk factor b. health-promoting behavioral c. refusal skills d. stress reduction ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.4 KEY: Fact 83. According to your textbook, refusal skills type training programs have been used to prevent all of the following EXCEPT a. smoking and other drug use. b. sexually transmitted diseases. c. teen pregnancy. d. anorexia and bulimia. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.4 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 84. Which of the following includes practice in stress reduction, self-protection, decision-making, goal setting, self-control, and social skills that help young people to be less tempted to escape problems through drug use or other destructive behaviors? a. life skills training b. behavioral risk factor training c. health-promoting behavioral training d. defense mechanism training ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.4 KEY: Fact 22 85. Jasmine is attending a program at school that includes practice in stress reduction, self-protection, decision-making, self control, and social skills that will help her solve problems rather than turning to drug use or other destructive behaviors. This program is called a. a psychological health workshop. b. refusal skills training. c. a community health campaign. d. life skills training. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.4 KEY: Application 86. An important way that psychologists work to decrease behavioral risks to health is through the use of a. community health campaigns that provide role models. b. jail time for people who violate health codes. c. electroconvulsive shock therapy for unhealthy, anxious patients. d. sensory deprivation activities. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.4 KEY: Fact 87. Which of the following are area-wide education projects designed to inform people of the risks of stress, alcohol abuse, high blood pressure, STDs, etc.; to provide role models to show people how to improve their own health; and to direct people to services for health screening, advice, and treatment? a. longitudinal screening programs b. community health campaigns c. cross-cultural health promotionals d. university-based health awareness projects ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.4 KEY: Fact 88. The local community college and hospitals are joining together to sponsor a health fair that will provide blood pressure screenings, demonstrations on cooking healthier for one’s heart, and exercise routines that can be worked into one’s busy schedule. This health fair is a good example of which type of program? a. longitudinal screening programs b. community health campaigns c. cross-cultural health promotionals d. education-based health awareness projects ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.4 23 KEY: Application 89. A positive state of good health that involves more than the absence of disease is called a. subjective well-being. b. self-actualization. c. incongruence. d. stress inoculation. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.4 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 90. Marian would be described as physically and psychologically healthy. She is happy, optimistic, and self-confident, and is able to bounce back emotionally from adversity. According to health psychologists, Marian is in a state of a. subjective well-being. b. self-actualization. c. incongruence. d. stress inoculation. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.4 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 91. People who enjoy a positive state of subjective well-being are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT being a. physically healthy. b. overly cautious regarding risks. c. self-confident. d. able to bounce back emotionally. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.4 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 92. A person who is both physically and psychologically healthy, enjoys supportive relationships with others, does meaningful work, and lives in a clean environment has attained a. self-actualization. b. subjective well-being. c. incongruence. d. stress management. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate 24 REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.4 KEY: Fact 93. Regarding subjective well-being, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. A positive state of subjective well-being can be simply defined as the absence of disease. b. If you have a positive state of subjective well-being, you can bounce back emotionally from adversity. c. People who enjoy a sense of well-being have supportive relationships with others. d. People who enjoy a sense of well-being do meaningful work, and live in a clean environment. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.4 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 94. A person who has a positive state of subjective well-being has all of the following EXCEPT a. supportive relationships. b. meaningful work to do. c. a clean environment in which to live. d. a genetic predisposition for wellness. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health OBJ: 11.1.4 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 95. Regarding STDs and safer sex, choice, risk, and responsibility, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. In general, most adults favor greater freedom of choice for themselves. b. When it comes to sex, greater choice is accompanied by greater risk. c. Today younger people are exploring their sexual identities in an era of more casual sex. d. Most sexually active people overestimate their risk of contracting chlamydia and gonorrhea. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: STDs and Safer Sex-Choice, Risk, and Responsibility OBJ: 11.2.1 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 96. Which of the following is an infection passed from one person to another by intimate physical contact? a. endogenous infection 25 b. exogenous infection c. psychosomatic illness d. sexually-transmitted disease ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: STDs and Safer Sex-Choice, Risk, and Responsibility OBJ: 11.2.1 KEY: Fact 97. A venereal disease is another name for a(n) a. endogenous infection. b. exogenous infection. c. psychosomatic illness. d. sexually-transmitted disease. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: STDs and Safer Sex-Choice, Risk, and Responsibility OBJ: 11.2.1 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 98. Chlamydia, hepatitis B, herpes, and syphilis are examples of a. endogenous infections. b. exogenous infections. c. psychosomatic illnesses. d. sexually-transmitted diseases. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: STDs and Safer Sex-Choice, Risk, and Responsibility OBJ: 11.2.1 KEY: Fact 99. Examples of sexually transmitted diseases include which of the following? a. gonorrhea and syphilis b. herpes and HIV c. chlamydia and hepatitis B d. All of these are STDs. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: STDs and Safer Sex-Choice, Risk, and Responsibility OBJ: 11.2.1 KEY: Fact 100. About three million new cases of which of the following are estimated to occur each year in the United States, only about half of which are reported? a. syphilis and hepatitis B b. HIV and AIDS c. chlamydia and gonorrhea d. herpes and hepatitis B ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: STDs and Safer Sex-Choice, Risk, and Responsibility OBJ: 11.2.1 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 101. In a study of sexually active teenage girls engaging in risky sex, nearly 90 percent of the girls thought that they had virtually no chance of getting a sexually transmitted disease (STD).