(Test Bank) Medical Dosage Calculations Chapters 1 - 12

Emeritus, 11

Nursing

Test Bank

11th Edition

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Test Bank for Medical Dosage Calculations Chapters 1 - 12, The downloadable file consists of 184 pages, and the total size of the file is 1.63 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

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Medical Dosage Calculations 11th Edition Emeritus Test Bank Giangrasso/Shrimpton, Dosage Calculations: A Dimensional Analysis Approach Chapter 1 Question 1 Type: MCSA Reduce the fraction 125/8 into a mixed number and simplify to the lowest terms. 1. 15 5/8 2. 15 3/16 3. 16 4/17 4. 18 6/23 Correct Answer: 1 Rationale 1: Divide the numerator by the denominator or 125 ÷8 = 15 625/1000. The fraction 625/1000 can be further reduced by dividing both the numerator and denominator by 5 until the fraction of 5/8 is reached. Rationale 2: Divide the numerator by the d enominator or 125 ÷8 = 15 625/1000. The fraction 625/1000 can be further reduced by dividing both the numerator and denominator by 5 until the fraction of 5/8 is reached. Rationale 3: Divide the numerator by the denominator or 125 ÷8 = 15 625/1000. The fraction 625/1000 can be further reduced by dividing both the numerator and denominator by 5 until the fraction of 5/8 is reached. Rationale 4: Divide the numerator by the d enominator or 125 ÷8 = 15 625/1000. The fraction 625/1000 can be further reduced by dividing both the numerator and denominator by 5 until the fraction of 5/8 is reached. Global Rationale: Divide the numerator by the denominator or 125 ÷8 = 15 625/1000. T he fraction 625/1000 can be further reduced by dividing both the numerator and denominator by 5 until the fraction of 5/8 is reached. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Reduce and build fractions into equivalent forms. Question 2 Type: MCSA Divide 4 3/5 ÷ 2 5/8 and simplify to the lowest terms. 1. 1 ¾ 2. 1 5/8 3. 2 2/3 4. 3 3/7 Correct Answer: 1 Rationale 1: Write 4 3/7 as the improper fraction of 23/5 and 2 5/8 as the improper fraction 21/8. Then set up the equation by inverting the second fraction or 23/5 x 8/21 = 184/105. Now reduce the fraction by dividing 105 into 184 or 1 75/100. Reduce the fraction of 75/100 further by 5 until the fraction ¾ is reached. The answer is 1 ¾. Rationale 2: W rite 4 3/7 as the improper fraction of 23/5 and 2 5/8 as the improper fraction 21/8. Then set up the equation by inverting the second fraction or 23/5 x 8/21 = 184/105. Now reduce the fraction by dividing 105 into 184 or 1 75/100. Reduce the fraction of 75 /100 further by 5 until the fraction ¾ is reached. The answer is 1 ¾. Rationale 3: Write 4 3/7 as the improper fraction of 23/5 and 2 5/8 as the improper fraction 21/8. Then set up the equation by inverting the second fraction or 23/5 x 8/21 = 184/105. No w reduce the fraction by dividing 105 into 184 or 1 75/100. Reduce the fraction of 75/100 further by 5 until the fraction ¾ is reached. The answer is 1 ¾. Rationale 4: Write 4 3/7 as the improper fraction of 23/5 and 2 5/8 as the improper fraction 21/8. Then set up the equation by inverting the second fraction or 23/5 x 8/21 = 184/105. Now reduce the fraction by dividing 105 into 184 or 1 75/100. Reduce the fraction of 75/100 further by 5 until the fraction ¾ is reached. The answer is 1 ¾. Global Rational e: Write 4 3/7 as the improper fraction of 23/5 and 2 5/8 as the improper fraction 21/8. Then set up the equation by inverting the second fraction or 23/5 x 8/21 = 184/105. Now reduce the fraction by dividing 105 into 184 or 1 75/100. Reduce the fraction o f 75/100 further by 5 until the fraction ¾ is reached. The answer is 1 ¾. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Add, subtract, multiply, and divide fractions. Question 3 Type: MCSA Simplify the complex equation 13/15 x 200 / 11/17 and reduce it to the lowest terms. 1. 267 22/25 2. 276 2 5/27 3. 302 23/27 4. 347 19/24 Correct Answer: 1 Rationale 1: First rewrite the equation as 13/15 x 200/1 ÷ 11/17. Next, invert the fraction 11/17 to make the new equation of 13/15 x 200/1 x 17/11. Then reduce the denominator 15 and numerator 200 by 5 so that the new equation is 13/3 x 40/1 x 17/11. Next multiply the numerators and the denominators to reach the fraction of 8840/33. Now divide the den ominator 33 into 8840 to reach the number of 267 88/100. Now reduce the fraction of 88/100 by 4 to reach the fraction of 22/25. The final answer is 267 22/25. Rationale 2: First rewrite the equation as 13/15 x 200/1 ÷ 11/17. Next, invert the fraction 11/17 to make the new equation of 13/15 x 200/1 x 17/11. Then reduce the denominator 15 and numerator 200 by 5 so that the new equation is 13/3 x 40/1 x 17/11. Next multiply the numerators and the denominators to reach the fraction of 8840/33. Now divide t he denominator 33 into 8840 to reach the number of 267 88/100. Now reduce the fraction of 88/100 by 4 to reach the fraction of 22/25. The final answer is 267 22/25. Rationale 3: First rewrite the equation as 13/15 x 200/1 ÷ 11/17. Next, invert the fractio n 11/17 to make the new equation of 13/15 x 200/1 x 17/11. Then reduce the denominator 15 and numerator 200 by 5 so that the new equation is 13/3 x 40/1 x 17/11. Next multiply the numerators and the denominators to reach the fraction of 8840/33. Now divide the denominator 33 into 8840 to reach the number of 267 88/100. Now reduce the fraction of 88/100 by 4 to reach the fraction of 22/25. The final answer is 267 22/25. Rationale 4: First rewrite the equation as 13/15 x 200/1 ÷ 11/17. Next, invert the fraction 11/17 to make the new equation of 13/15 x 200/1 x 17/11. Then reduce the denominator 15 and numerator 200 by 5 so that the new equation is 13/3 x 40/1 x 17/11. Next multiply the numerators and the denominators to reach the fraction of 8840/33. Now divide the denominator 33 into 8840 to reach the number of 267 88/100. Now reduce the fraction of 88/100 by 4 to reach the fraction of 22/25. The final answer is 267 22/25. Global Rationale: First rewrite the equation as 13/15 x 200/1 ÷ 11/17. Next, invert the fraction 11/17 to make the new equation of 13/15 x 200/1 x 17/11. Then reduce the denominator 15 and numerator 200 by 5 so that the new equation is 13/3 x 40/1 x 17/11. Next multiply the numerators and the denominators to reach the fraction of 8840/33. Now divide t he denominator 33 into 8840 to reach the number of 267 88/100. Now reduce the fraction of 88/100 by 4 to reach the fraction of 22/25. The final answer is 267 22/25. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub : Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Simplify complex fractions. Question 4 Type: MCSA Convert 0.85 to a fraction and reduce it to the smallest terms. 1. 1/4 2. 11/19 3. 17/20 4. 45/50 Correct Answer: 3 Rationale 1: The number of spaces after the decimal point is 2; therefore the denominator for the conversion of 0.85 to a fraction is 100. The fraction would be 85/100. When reducing to the smallest terms, divide both the numerator and denominator by 5 to determine the fraction 17/20. Rationale 2: The number of spaces after the decimal point is 2; therefore the denominator for the conversion of 0.85 to a fraction is 100. The fraction would be 85/100. When reducing to t he smallest terms, divide both the numerator and denominator by 5 to determine the fraction 17/20. Rationale 3: The number of spaces after the decimal point is 2; therefore the denominator for the conversion of 0.85 to a fraction is 100. The fraction would be 85/100. When reducing to the smallest terms, divide both the numerator and denominator by 5 to determine the fraction 17/20. Rationale 4: The number of spaces after the decimal point is 2; therefore the denominator for the conversion of 0.85 to a fraction is 100. The fraction would be 85/100. When reducing to the smallest terms, divide both the numerator and denominator by 5 to determine the fraction 17/20. Global Rationale: The number of spaces after the decimal point is 2 ; therefore the denominator for the conversion of 0.85 to a fraction is 100. The fraction would be 85/100. When reducing to the smallest terms, divide both the numerator and denominator by 5 to determine the fraction 17/20. Cognitive Level: Applying Clien t Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Convert between decimal numbers and fractions. Question 5 Type: MCSA Complete the following equation: 0.35 ÷ 0.20. 1. 0.75 2. 1.25 3. 1.50 4. 1.75 Correct Answer: 4 Rationale 1: Set up the equation so that 0.20 is being divided into 0.35. Move the decimal point 2 spaces to the right. Divide 20 into 35. Place the number 1 abo ve the number 5. The remaining value to divide by 20 is now 15. Add a 0 to 15 and divide 20 into 150. Place the number 7 in the first place after the decimal point. The remaining value to divide by 20 is now 10. Add a 0 to the 10 and divide 20 into 100. Place the number 5 in the second space after the decimal point. Rationale 2: Set up the equation so that 0.20 is being divided into 0.35. Move the decimal point 2 spaces to the right. Divide 20 into 35. Place the number 1 above the number 5. The remaining value to divide by 20 is now 15. Add a 0 to 15 and divide 20 int o 150. Place the number 7 in the first place after the decimal point. The remaining value to divide by 20 is now 10. Add a 0 to the 10 and divide 20 into 100. Place the number 5 in the second space after the decimal point. Rationale 3: Set up the equation so that 0.20 is being divided into 0.35. Move the decimal point 2 spaces to the right. Divide 20 into 35. Place the number 1 above the number 5. The remaining value to divide by 20 is now 15. Add a 0 to 15 and divide 20 int o 150. Place the number 7 in the first place after the decimal point. The remaining value to divide by 20 is now 10. Add a 0 to the 10 and divide 20 into 100. Place the number 5 in the second space after the decimal point. Rationale 4: Set up the equation so that 0.20 is being divided into 0.35. Move the decimal point 2 spaces to the right. Divide 20 into 35. Place the number 1 above the number 5. The remaining value to divide by 20 is now 15. Add a 0 to 15 and divide 20 into 150. Place the number 7 in the first place after the decimal point. The remaining value to divide by 20 is now 10. Add a 0 to the 10 and divide 20 into 100. Place the number 5 in the second space after the decimal point. Global Rationale: Set up the equation so that 0.20 is being divided into 0.35. Move the decimal point 2 spaces to the right. Divide 20 into 35. Place the number 1 above the number 5. The remaining value to divide by 20 is now 15. Add a 0 to 15 and divide 20 into 150. Place the number 7 in the first place after the decimal point. The remaining value to divide by 20 is now 10. Add a 0 to the 10 and divide 20 into 100. Place the number 5 in the second space after the decimal point. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Add, subtract, multiply, and divide decimal numbers. Question 6 Type: MCSA Calculate 0.25 x 1.47 and round to the nearest tenth decimal place. 1. 0.4 2. 0.37 3. 0.365 4. 0.375 Correct Answer: 1 Rationale 1: When multiplying 0.25 by 1.47 begin by first calculating 25 x 147 = 3675. Then count the total number of decimal places which is 4. From the number 5, count back four spaces or 0.3675. Next, look at the number and determine the tenth decimal place. This is the number 3. The next number to 3 is 6 which is greater than 5. This means th at the number can be rounded up to 4. The correct answer is 0.4. Rationale 2: When multiplying 0.25 by 1.47 begin by first calculating 25 x 147 = 3675. Then count the total number of decimal places which is 4. From the number 5, count back four spaces or 0.3675. Next, look at the number and determine the tenth decimal place. This is the number 3. The next number to 3 is 6 which is greater than 5. This means that the number can be rounded up to 4. The correct answer is 0.4. Rationale 3: When multiplying 0. 25 by 1.47 begin by first calculating 25 x 147 = 3675. Then count the total number of decimal places which is 4. From the number 5, count back four spaces or 0.3675. Next, look at the number and determine the tenth decimal place. This is the number 3. The next number to 3 is 6 which is greater than 5. This means that the number can be rounded up to 4. The correct answer is 0.4. Rationale 4: When multiplying 0.25 by 1.47 begin by first calculating 25 x 147 = 3675. Then count the total number of decimal plac es which is 4. From the number 5, count back four spaces or 0.3675. Next, look at the number and determine the tenth decimal place. This is the number 3. The next number to 3 is 6 which is greater than 5. This means that the number can be rounded up to 4. The correct answer is 0.4. Global Rationale: When multiplying 0.25 by 1.47 begin by first calculating 25 x 147 = 3675. Then count the total number of dec imal places which is 4. From the number 5, count back four spaces or 0.3675. Next, look at the number and determine the tenth decimal place. This is the number 3. The next number to 3 is 6 which is greater than 5. This means that the number can be rounded up to 4. The correct answer is 0.4. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Round decimal numbers to a desired number of decimal places. Question 7 Type: MCSA Calculate the decimal number and smallest reduced fraction for 65%. 1. 0.35; 7/20 2. 0.45; 9/20 3. 0.55; 11/20 4. 0.65; 13/20 Correct Answer: 4 Rationale 1: To convert percentages to a fraction place the value of the percent in the numerator and the 100 as the denominator. For 65% this would be 65/100. Reduce this number further by dividing by 5 to determine the smallest fraction as being 13/20. T o determine the decimal number begin again by placing 65 as the numerator and 100 as the denominator or 65/100. Since the denominator is 100, the number has 2 decimal points or 0.65. Rationale 2: To convert percentages to a fraction place the value of the percent in the numerator and the 100 as the denominator. For 65% this would be 65/100. Reduce this number further by dividing by 5 to determine the smallest fraction as being 13/20. To determine the decimal number begin again by placing 65 as the numerato r and 100 as the denominator or 65/100. Since the denominator is 100, the number has 2 decimal points or 0.65. Rationale 3: To convert percentages to a fraction place the value of the percent in the numerator and the 100 as the denominator. For 65% this would be 65/100. Reduce this number further by dividing by 5 to determine the smallest fraction as being 13/20. T o determine the decimal number begin again by placing 65 as the numerator and 100 as the denominator or 65/100. Since the denominator is 100, the number has 2 decimal points or 0.65. Rationale 4: To convert percentages to a fraction place the value of the percent in the numerator and the 100 as the denominator. For 65% this would be 65/100. Reduce this number further by dividing by 5 to determine the smallest fraction as being 13/20. To determine the decimal number begin again by placing 65 as the numerato r and 100 as the denominator or 65/100. Since the denominator is 100, the number has 2 decimal points or 0.65. Global Rationale: To convert percentages to a fraction place the value of the percent in the numerator and the 100 as the denominator. For 65% t his would be 65/100. Reduce this number further by dividing by 5 to determine the smallest fraction as being 13/20. To determine the decimal number begin again by placing 65 as the numerator and 100 as the denominator or 65/100. Since the denominator is 10 0, the number has 2 decimal points or 0.65. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Write percentages as decimal numbers and fractions. Question 8 Type: MCSA The healthcare provider suggests that a client weighing 250 lbs. needs to lose 20% of the current body weight. How many pounds is this client expected to lose? 1. 15 2. 25 3. 50 4. 65 Correct Answer: 3 Rationale 1: The client currently weight 250 lbs. Convert 20% to the decimal equivalent of 20/100 or 0.20. Then, multiply 250 x 0.20 = 50. The healthcare provider wants the client to lose 50 lbs. Rationale 2: The client currently weight 250 lbs. Convert 20% to the decimal equivalent of 20/100 or 0.20. Then, multiply 250 x 0.20 = 50. The healthcare provider wants the client to lose 50 lbs. Rationale 3: The client currently weight 250 lbs. Convert 2 0% to the decimal equivalent of 20/100 or 0.20. Then, multiply 250 x 0.20 = 50. The healthcare provider wants the client to lose 50 lbs. Rationale 4: The client currently weight 250 lbs. Convert 20% to the decimal equivalent of 20/100 or 0.20. Then, multi ply 250 x 0.20 = 50. The healthcare provider wants the client to lose 50 lbs. Global Rationale: The client currently weight 250 lbs. Convert 20% to the decimal equivalent of 20/100 or 0.20. Then, multiply 250 x 0.20 = 50. The healthcare provider wants the client to lose 50 lbs. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Find a percent of a number and the percent of change. Question 9 Type: MCSA A client was receiving intravenous fluids of 100 ounces per day. The healthcare provider writes an order to reduce the fluid to 85 ounces per day. What percent has the fluid changed? 1. 65% 2. 85% 3. 90% 4. 95% Correct Answer: 2 Rationale 1: To determin e the percent of change, use the equation fraction of change is equal to the change divided by the original number. For this situation the equation would be the fraction of change = 85/100 or 85%. Rationale 2: To determine the percent of change, use the equation fraction of change is equal to the change divided by the original number. For this situation the equation would be the fraction of change = 85/100 or 85%. Rationale 3: To determine the percent of change, use the equation fraction of change is equal to the change divided by the original number. For this situation the equation would be the fraction of change = 85/100 or 85%. Rationale 4: To determine the perc ent of change, use the equation fraction of change is equal to the change divided by the original number. For this situation the equation would be the fraction of change = 85/100 or 85%. Global Rationale: To determine the percent of change, use the equati on fraction of change is equal to the change divided by the original number. For this situation the equation would be the fraction of change = 85/100 or 85%. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Manag ement of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Find a percent of a number and the percent of change. Question 10 Type: MCSA A client ingested ½ of 4 ounces of juice; ¾ of 6 ounces of coffee; ½ of 8 ounces of broth; and ¾ of 12 ounces of water. Which fluid did the patient consume the most? 1. Juice 2. Coffee 3. Broth 4. Water Correct Answer: 4 Rationale 1: One half of 4 ounces of juice i s 2 ounces. Calculate ¾ of 6 ounces of coffee by multiplying ¾ x 6/1= 18/4 = 4.5 ounces. One half of 8 ounces of broth is 4 ounces. Calculate ¾ of 12 ounces of water by multiplying ¾ x 12/1 = 36/4 = 9 ounces. The patient consumed the most of water. Rationale 2: One half of 4 ounces of juice is 2 ounces. Calculate ¾ of 6 ounces of coffee by multiplying ¾ x 6/1= 18/4 = 4.5 ounces. One half of 8 oun ces of broth is 4 ounces. Calculate ¾ of 12 ounces of water by multiplying ¾ x 12/1 = 36/4 = 9 ounces. The patient consumed the most of water. Rationale 3: One half of 4 ounces of juice is 2 ounces. Calculate ¾ of 6 ounces of coffee by multiplying ¾ x 6/1= 18/4 = 4.5 ounces. One half of 8 ounces of broth is 4 ounces. Calculate ¾ of 12 ounces of water by multiplying ¾ x 12/1 = 36/4 = 9 ounces. The patient consumed the most of water. Rationale 4: One half of 4 ounces of juice is 2 ounces. Calculate ¾ of 6 ounces of coffee by multiplying ¾ x 6/1= 18/4 = 4.5 ounces. One half of 8 ounces of broth is 4 ounces. Calculate ¾ of 12 ounces of water by multiplying ¾ x 12/1 = 36/4 = 9 ounces. The patient consumed the most of water. Global Rationale: One half of 4 ounces of juice is 2 ounces. Calculate ¾ of 6 ounces of coffee by multiplying ¾ x 6/1= 18/4 = 4.5 ounces. One half of 8 ounces of broth is 4 ounces. Calculate ¾ of 12 ounces of water by multiplying ¾ x 12/1 = 36/4 = 9 ounces. The patient consumed the most of water. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Estimate answers. Revised Questions Question 11 Type: FIB A client is prescribed 400 mg of vancomycin every eight hours. The healthcare provider increased the dosage to 600 mg every six hours. What percentage of change was made in the dosage? Standard Text : Record the answer rounding to the nearest whole number. Correct Answer: 200 % Global Rationale: Because the frequency of the medication has changed, begin by determining the original total daily dose by multiplying 400 mg x 3 = 1200 mg. Then determine the changed dose by multiplying 600 mg x 4 = 2400 mg. Then use the equation Fracti on of Change = Change/Original, or Fraction of Change = 2400/1200 = 2.00 or 200%. The client’s dose was changed by 200%. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Conc epts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Find a percent of a number and the percent of change. Question 12 Type: MCSA A client is prescribed digoxin (Lanoxin). The healthcare provider increased the client’s dose from 0.25 mg to 0.375 mg. What percentage was the dosage increased? 1. 5 % 2. 50% 3. 150% 4. 300% Correct Answer: 3 Rationale 1: Using the equation Fraction of Change = Change/Original the equation will be Fraction of Change = 0.375/0.25 = 1.5 or 150% increase in dosage. Rationale 2: Using the equation Fraction of Change = Change/Original the equation will be Fraction of Change = 0.375/0.25 = 1.5 or 150% increase in dosage. Rationale 3: Using the equation Fraction of Change = Change/Original the equat ion will be Fraction of Change = 0.375/0.25 = 1.5 or 150% increase in dosage. Rationale 4: Using the equation Fraction of Change = Change/Original the equation will be Fraction of Change = 0.375/0.25 = 1.5 or 150% increase in dosage. Global Rationale: Using the equation Fraction of Change = Change/Original the equation will be Fraction of Change = 0.375/0.25 = 1.5 or 150% increase in dosage. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Find a percent of a number and the percent of change. Question 13 Type: MCSA A client is prescribed 10 mg of a medication, 3 times a day. The dosage is changed to 15 mg 3 times a day. What percentage has this medication been increased? 1. 16% 2. 66% 3. 75% 4. 90% Correct Answer: 2 Rationale 1: Using the equation Fraction of Chan ge = Change/Original, calculate the Fraction of Change as being 10/15 or 2/3. Convert this fraction into percent by dividing 2 by 3 or 0.66, place 66/100; or 66%. This medication was increased by 66%. Rationale 2: Using the equation Fraction of C hange = Change/Original, calculate the Fraction of Change as being 10/15 or 2/3. Convert this fraction into percent by dividing 2 by 3 or 0.66, place 66/100; or 66%. This medication was increased by 66%. Rationale 3: Using the equation Fraction of Change = Change/Original, calculate the Fraction of Change as being 10/15 or 2/3. Convert this fraction into percent by dividing 2 by 3 or 0.66, place 66/100; or 66%. This medication was increased by 66%. Ration ale 4: Using the equation Fraction of Change = Change/Original, calculate the Fraction of Change as being 10/15 or 2/3. Convert this fraction into percent by dividing 2 by 3 or 0.66, place 66/100; or 66%. This medication was increased by 66%. Global Rationale: Using the equation Fraction of Change = Change/Original, calculate the Fraction of Change as being 10/15 or 2/3. Convert this fraction into percent by dividing 2 by 3 or 0.66, place 66/100; or 66%. This medication was increased by 66%. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub : Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Find a percent of a number and the percent of change. Question 14 Type: MCSA A client is prescribed 125 mg of a medication every 4 hours. The dosage is decreased to 75 mg every 4 hours. What percent was the medication decreased? 1. 15% 2. 20% 3. 60% 4. 75% Correct Answer: 3 Rationale 1: Using the equation Fraction of Change = Ch ange/Original, calculate the equation Fraction of Change = 75/125 or 3/5. Change the fraction to a decimal by dividing 3 by 5 or 0.6 or 60%. The dosage was changed by 60%. Rationale 2: Using the equation Fraction of Change = Change/Original, calculate the equation Fraction of Change = 75/125 or 3/5. Change the fraction to a decimal by dividing 3 by 5 or 0.6 or 60%. The dosage was changed by 60%. Rationale 3: Using the equation Fraction of Change = Change/Original, calculate the equation Fraction of Change = 75/125 or 3/5. Change the fraction to a decimal by dividing 3 by 5 or 0.6 or 60%. The dosage was changed by 60%. Rationale 4: Using the equation Fraction of Change = Change/Original, calculate the equation Fraction of Change = 75/125 or 3/5. Change the fraction to a decimal by dividing 3 by 5 or 0.6 or 60%. The dosage was changed by 60%. Global Rationale: Using the equation Fraction of Change = Change/Original, calculate the equation Fraction of Change = 75/125 or 3/5. Change the fraction to a decimal by dividing 3 by 5 or 0.6 or 60%. The dosage was changed by 60%. Cognitive Level: Applyi ng Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Find a percent of a number and the percent of change. Question 15 Type: MCSA The healthcare provider prescribes 25 mg of a medication every 8 hours for the client. The next day the dose of medication is changed to 15 mg twice a day. How much has this medication been decreased? 1. 25% 2. 40% 3. 55% 4. 73% Correct Answer: 2 Ration ale 1: Because the frequency of the medication has changed begin by determined the total daily dosage of the medication. When the client was receiving 75 mg of the medication every 8 hours the client received 25 x 3 or 75 mg of the medication. When the ord er changed, the client is receiving 15 mg x 2 or 30 mg of the medication. Now using the equation Fraction of Change = Change/Original, the equation will be Fraction of Change = 30/75 or 6/15. Convert this fraction into a decimal number by dividing 6 by 15 or 0.4 which is 40%. The medication dosage was decreased by 40%. Rationale 2: Because the frequency of the medication has changed begin by determined the total daily dosage of the medication. When the client was receiving 75 mg of the medication every 8 hours the client received 25 x 3 or 75 mg of the medication. When the order changed, the client is receiving 15 mg x 2 or 30 mg of the medication. Now using the equation Fraction of Change = Change/Original, the equation will be Fraction of Change = 30/75 or 6/15. Convert this fraction into a decimal number by dividing 6 by 15 or 0.4 which is 40%. The medication dosage was decreased by 40%. Rationale 3: Because the frequency of the medication has changed begin by determined the total daily dosage of the medication. When the client was receiving 75 mg of the medication every 8 hours the client received 25 x 3 or 75 mg of the medication. When the order changed, the client is receiving 15 mg x 2 or 30 mg of the medication. Now using the equation Fraction of Change = Change/Original, the equation will be Fraction of Change = 30/75 or 6/15. Convert this fraction into a decimal number by dividing 6 by 15 or 0.4 which is 40%. The medication dosage was decreased by 40%. Rationale 4: Because the frequency of the medication has changed begin by determined the total daily dosage of the medication. When the client was receiving 75 mg of the medication every 8 hours the client received 25 x 3 or 75 mg of the medication. When the order changed, the client is receiving 15 mg x 2 or 30 mg of the medication. Now using the equation Fraction of Change = Change/Original, the equation will be Fraction of Change = 30/75 or 6/15. Convert this fraction into a decimal number by dividing 6 by 15 or 0.4 which is 40%. The medication dosage was decreased by 40%. Global Rationale: Because the frequency of the medic ation has changed begin by determining the total daily dosage of the medication. When the client was receiving 75 mg of the medication every 8 hours the client received 25 x 3 or 75 mg of the medication. When the order changed, the client is receiving 15 m g x 2 or 30 mg of the medication. Now using the equation Fraction of Change = Change/Original, the equation will be Fraction of Change = 30/75 or 6/15. Convert this fraction into a decimal number by dividing 6 by 15 or 0.4 which is 40%. The medication dosage was decreased by 40%. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Find a percent of a number and the percent of change. Question 16 Type: MCMA The medication nurse wants to verify calculations prior to administering medications through the use of a calculator. Which functions should the calculator have in order to be useful to the nurse? Standard Text : Select all that apply. 1. Addition 2. Subtraction 3. Multiplication 4. Division 5. Percentage Correct Answer: 1,2,3,4 Rationale 1: A basic four-function (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division), handheld calculator with a square -root key is sufficient to perform most medical dosage calculations. While having a percentage function may be useful, this is not required when calculating drug dosages. Rationale 2: A basic four-function (additi on, subtraction, multiplication, and division), handheld calculator with a square -root key is sufficient to perform most medical dosage calculations. While having a percentage function may be useful, this is not required when calculating drug dosages. Rationale 3: A basic four-function (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division), handheld calculator with a square -root key is sufficient to perform most medical dosage calculations. While having a percentage function may be useful, this is not required when calculating drug dosages. Rationale 4: A basic four-function (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division), handheld calculator with a square -root key is sufficient to perform most medical dosage calculations. While having a percentage function may be useful, this is not required when calculating drug dosages. Rationale 5: A basic four-function (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division), handheld calculator with a square -root key is sufficient to perform most medical dosage calculations. While having a percentage function may be useful, this is not required when calculating drug dosages. Global Rationale: A basic four -function (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division), handheld calculator with a square -root key is sufficient to perform most medical dosage calculations. While having a percentage function may be useful, this is not required when calculating drug dosages. Cognitive Level: Remembering Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Use a calculator to verify answ ers. Question 17 Type: FIB Calculate the decimal number and smallest reduced fraction for 85%. Standard Text : Record the decimal number rounding to the nearest hundredth. Correct Answers: 0.85 and 17/20 Global Rationale: To convert percentages to a fraction place the value of the percent in the numerator and the 100 as the denominator. For 85% this would be 85/100. Reduce this number further by dividing by 5 to determine the smallest fraction as being 17/ 20. To determine the decimal number begin again by placing 85 as the numerator and 100 as the denominator or 85/100. Since the denominator is 100, the number has 2 decimal points or 0.85. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Write percentages as decimal numbers and fractions. Question 18 Type: FIB Calculate 0.35 x 1.45 Standard Text : Record the answer rounding to the nearest hundredth decimal place. Correct Answer: 0.51 Global Rationale: When multiplying 0.35 by 1.45 begin by first calculating 35 x 145 = 5,075. Then count the total number of decimal places which is 4. From the number 5 , count back four spaces or 0.5075. Next, look at the number and determine the hundreth decimal place. This is the number 7. The next number to 0 is 7 which is greater than 5. This means that the number can be rounded up to 1. The correct answer is 0.51. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Round decimal numbers to a desired number of decimal places. Question 19 Type: FIB The dietician suggests that a client weighing 220 lbs. should lose 15% of the current body to meet the first weight loss goal. How many pounds does this client have to lose to meet the first weight loss goal? Standard Text : Record the answer rounding to the nearest whole number. Correct Answer: 33 lbs Global Rationale: The client currently weight 220 lbs. Convert 15% to the decimal equivalent of 15/100 or 0.15. Then, multiply 220 x 0.15 = 50. The healthcare pro vider wants the client to lose 33 lbs. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Learning Outcome: Find a percent of a number and the percent of change. Question 20 Type: FIB A adult client is receiving 2000 mL of intravenous fluids per day. The healthcare provider writes an order to reduce the fluid to 1500 mL per day. What percent has the fluid changed? Standard Text : Record the answer rounding to the nearest whole number. Correct Answer: 75% Global Rationale: To determine the percent of change, use the equation fraction of change is equal to the change divided by the original number. For this situation the equation wou ld be the fraction of change = 1500/2000 or 75%. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Estimate answers . Giangrasso/Shrimpton, Dosage Calculations: A Dimensional Analysis Approach Chapter 2 Question 1 Type: MCSA A client is prescribed an oral suspension. Which medication is available in this prescribed route? 1. 2. 3. 4. Correct Answer: 2 Rationale 1: The only medication that is an oral suspension is the doxycycline monohydrate. The other medications are tablets or a concentrated oral solution. Rationale 2: The only medication that is an oral suspension is the doxycycline monohydrate. The other medications are tablets or a concentrated oral solution. Rationale 3: The only medication that is an oral suspension is the doxycycline monohydrate. The other medications are tablets or a concentrated oral solution. Rationale 4: The only medication that is an oral suspension is the doxycycline monohydrate. The other medications are tablets or a concentrated oral solution. Global Rationale: The only medication that is an oral suspension is the doxycycline monohydrate. The other medications are tablets or a concentrated oral solution. Cognitive Level: Analyzing Client Need: Physiological Integrity Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Describe the six “rights” of safe medication administration. Question 2 Type: MCSA A client is prescribed 2 mg of alprazolam. The nurse reviews the order and the medication label in preparation for administration. After administering 3 mLs of medication to this client, which action by the nurse is the most approp riate? 1. Assess the client’s level of pain 2. Monitor the client’s blood pressure 3. Document that the medication was provided 4. Report that the incorrect amount was provided Correct Answer: 4 Rationale 1: The health care provider ordered 2 mg of medication. The medication is a 1 mg to `1 mL concentration; therefore, the nurse should have administered 2 mL, not 3 mL. Since the nurse made a medication error, the most appropriate action is to report that the wrong dose of medication was administered to the client. Alprazolam is a medication prescribed to treat anxiety, not pain or blood pressure. The nurse cannot document that the medication was administered because the wrong dose was given to the client. Rationale 2: The health care provider ordered 2 mg of medication. The medication is a 1 mg to `1 mL concentration; therefore, the nurse should have administered 2 mL, not 3 mL. Since the nurse made a medication error, the most appropriate action is to report that the wrong dose of medication was administered to the client. Alprazolam is a medication prescribed to treat anxiety, not pain or blood pressure. The nurse cannot doc ument that the medication was administered because the wrong dose was given to the client. Rationale 3: The health care provider ordered 2 mg of medication. The medication is a 1 mg to `1 mL concentration; therefore, the nurse should have administered 2 mL, not 3 mL. Since the nurse made a medication error, the most appropriate action is to report that the wrong dose of medication was administered to the client. Alprazolam is a medication prescribed to treat anxiety, not pain or blood press ure. The nurse cannot document that the medication was administered because the wrong dose was given to the client. Rationale 4: The health care provider ordered 2 mg of medication. The medication is a 1 mg to `1 mL concentration; therefore, the nurse should have administered 2 mL, not 3 mL. Since the nurse made a medication error, the most appropriate action is to report that the wrong dose of medication was administered to the client. Alprazolam is a medication prescribed to treat anxiety, n ot pain or blood pressure. The nurse cannot document that the medication was administered because the wrong dose was given to the client. Global Rationale: The health care provider ordered 2 mg of medication. The medication is a 1 mg to `1 mL concentratio n; therefore, the nurse should have administered 2 mL, not 3 mL. Since the nurse made a medication error, the most appropriate action is to report that the wrong dose of medication was administered to the client. Alprazolam is a medication prescribed to treat anxiety, not pain or blood pressure. The nurse cannot document that the medication was administered because the wrong dose was given to the client. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Explain the legal implications of medication administration. Question 3 Type: MCSA The healthcare provider prescribes 2 milligrams of diazepam (Valium) to be administered through intravenous push as needed for anxiety. How should this medication order be written? 1. Diazepam 2 mg IVP prn 2. Diazepam 2 mcg IV ac 3. Diazepam 2 mcg IVP prn 4. Diazepam 2 mg IVPB ad lib Correct Answer: 1 Rationale 1: The order diazepam 2 mg IVP prn means that 2 mg of diazepam is to be given intravenous push as needed. The order for diazepam 2 mcg IV ac includes the wrong dose, route, and frequency. The order for diazepam 2 mcg IVP prn is the wrong dose. The order for diazepam 2mg IVPB ad lib is the wrong route and the wrong frequency. Rationale 2: The order diazepam 2 mg IVP prn means that 2 mg of diazepam is to be given intravenous push as needed. The order for diazepam 2 mcg IV ac includes the wrong dose, route, and frequency. The order for diazepam 2 mcg IVP prn is the wrong dose. The order for diazepam 2mg IVPB ad lib is the wrong route and the wrong frequency. Rationale 3: The order diazepam 2 mg IVP prn means that 2 mg of diazepam is to be given intravenous push as needed. The order for diazepam 2 mcg IV ac includes the wrong dose , route, and frequency. The order for diazepam 2 mcg IVP prn is the wrong dose. The order for diazepam 2mg IVPB ad lib is the wrong route and the wrong frequency. Rationale 4: The order diazepam 2 mg IVP prn means that 2 mg of diazepam is to be given intravenous push as needed. The order for diazepam 2 mcg IV ac includes the wrong dose, route, and frequency. The order for diazepam 2 mcg IVP prn is the wrong dose. The order for diazepam 2mg IVPB ad lib is the wrong route and the wrong frequency. Global Rationale: The order diazepam 2 mg IVP prn means that 2 mg of diazepam is to be given intravenous push as needed. The order for diazepam 2 mcg IV ac includes the wrong dose, route, and frequency. The order for diazepam 2 mcg IVP prn is the wrong dose. The order for diazepam 2mg IVPB ad lib is the wrong route and the wrong frequency. Cognitive Level: Analyzing Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment Learning Outcome: Identify common abbreviations used in medication administration. Question 4 Type: MCSA The nurse is preparing to administer a medication to the client and must find the generic name of the medication on the label to compare to the medication administration record. What is the generic name for this medication? 1. Vibramycin 2. Doxycycline monohydrate 3. Pfizer labs 4. Raspberry Correct Answer: 2 Rationale 1: The generic name of a medication is usually found in parenthesis on the drug label. The generic name for this medication is doxycycline monohydrate. Vibramycin is the trade or brand name for this medication. Pfizer labs is the manufacturer and raspberry is the flavor of the medication. Rationale 2: The generic name of a medication is usually found in parenthesis on the drug label. The generic name for this medication is doxycycline monohydrate. Vibramycin is the trade or brand name for this medication. Pfizer labs is the manufacturer and raspberry is the flavor of the medication. Rationale 3: The generic name of a medication is usually found in parenthesis on the drug label. The generic name for this medication is doxycycline monohydrate. Vibramycin is the trade or brand name for this medication. Pfizer labs is the manufacturer and raspberry is the flavor of the medication. Rationale 4: The generic name of a medication is usually found in parenthesis on the drug label. The generic name for this medication is doxycycline monohydrate. Vibramycin is the trade or brand name for this medication. Pfizer labs is the manufacturer and raspberry is the flavor of the medication. Global Rationale: The generic name of a medication is usually found in parenthesis on the drug label. The generic name for this medication is doxycycline monohydrate. Vibramycin is the trade or brand name for this medication. Pfizer labs is the manufacture r and raspberry is the flavor of the medication. Cognitive Level: Understanding Client Need: Physiological Integrity Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Compare the trade name and generic name of drugs Question 5 Type: MCSA The nurse is preparing to administer this medication order: cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride (Amrix) 7.5 mg PO tid. How often will the nurse provide the medication? 1. Once a day 2. Every 6 hours 3. Every 12 hours 4. Three times a day Correct Answer: 4 Rationale 1: The abbreviation tid means three times a day. This medication should be provided three times a day and not once a day, or every 6 or 12 hours. Rationale 2: The abbreviation tid means three times a day. This medication should be provided three times a day and not once a day, or every 6 or 12 hours. Rationale 3: The abbreviation tid means three times a day. This medication should be provided three times a day and not once a day, or every 6 or 12 hours. Rationale 4: The abbreviation tid means three times a day. This medication should be provided three times a day and not once a day, or every 6 or 12 hours. Global Rationale: The abbreviation tid means three times a day. This medication should be provided three times a day and not once a day, or every 6 or 12 hours. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Identify and interpret the components of a Drug Prescription, Physician’s Order, and Medication Administration Record. Question 6 Type: MCSA The health care provider prescribes the following for the client: prochlorperazine (Compazine) 25 mg PR bid. Which route should the nurse prepare to administer this medication? 1. Oral 2. Rectal 3. Buccal 4. Topical Correct Answer: 2 Rationale 1: PR is the abbreviation for per rectum; therefore, the nurse will plan to provide a rectal suppository twice per day. The abbreviation for the oral route is PO. There is no abbreviation for the buccal or topical routes. Rationale 2: PR is the abbreviation for per rectum; therefore, the nurse will plan to provide a rectal suppository twice per day. The abbreviation for the oral route is PO. There is no abbreviation for the buccal or topical routes. Rationale 3: PR is the abbreviation for per rectum; therefore, the nurse will plan to provide a rectal suppository twice per day. The abbreviation for the oral route is PO. There is no abbreviation for the buccal or topical routes. Rationale 4: PR is the abbreviation for per rectum; therefore, the nurse wi ll plan to provide a rectal suppository twice per day. The abbreviation for the oral route is PO. There is no abbreviation for the buccal or topical routes. Global Rationale: PR is the abbreviation for per rectum; therefore, the nurse will plan to provide a rectal suppository twice per day. The abbreviation for the oral route is PO. There is no abbreviation for the buccal or topical routes. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Management of Care Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: Identify and interpret the components of a Drug Prescription, Physician’s Order, and Medication Administration Record.