(Test Bank) Investigating Oceanography

Sverdrup, 3

Geography, Geology & Earth Science

Test Bank

3rd Edition

• $15.00 $50.00

---

Description

Test Bank for Investigating Oceanography, The downloadable file consists of 414 pages, and the total size of the file is 2.41 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Sverdrup

---

---

Study Note Preview

Version 1 1 CHAPTER 1 1) Identify all of the planets that are rich in metals and rocky materials. A) Saturn B) Mercury C) Venus D) Uranus E) Jupiter F) Earth G) Neptune H) Mars 2) Identify all of the planets that are rich in ices of water, ammonia, and methane. A) Saturn B) Mercury C) Venus D) Uranus E) Jupiter F) Earth G) Neptune H) Mars 3) Earth's age is estimated at ____ years. A) 4.6 × 10 6 B) 3.7 × 10 6 C) 4.6 × 10 9 D) 3.7 × 10 9 E) 4.6 × 10 12 Version 1 2 4) The mean radius of Earth is ____ meters. A) 3.371 × 10 2 B) 6.371 × 10 4 C) 6.371 × 10 6 D) 12.742 × 10 6 E) 12.742 × 10 9 5) The mean surface temperature of Earth is about ______. A) 5°C B) 10°C C) 16°C D) 22°C E) 26°C 6) The Big Bang occurred roughly ____ years ago. A) 4.6 billion B) 250 million C) 13 billion D) 10 billion E) 750 million 7) The Tropic of Capricorn is at ____ latitude.Version 1 3 A) 23½°N B) 23½°S C) 66½°N D) 66½°S E) 0° 8) Earth is the ____ planet from the Sun. A) first B) second C) third D) fourth E) fifth 9) The Arctic and Antarctic Circles are displaced ____ degrees from their respective poles. A) 90 B) 66½ C) 45 D) 23½ E) 0 10) During the Northern Hemisphere's summer solstice, the Sun stands above ______.Version 1 4 A) 23½°N B) 23½°S C) 0° D) 66½°N E) 66½°S 11) The area north of 66½°N is in darkness when the Sun is directly ______. A) over the Equator B) over 23½°N C) over 23½°S D) at the Arctic Circle E) at the Antarctic Circle 12) The Sun stands directly above the equator ______. A) once each year B) twice each year C) once in midwinter (Northern Hemisphere) D) once in midsummer (Northern Hemisphere) E) None of these is correct. 13) Which circle of latitude or longitude has the smallest circumference?Version 1 5 A) the Equator B) 30°N C) the Prime Meridian D) 45°W E) 80°S 14) Longitude is given in degrees ______. A) east and west of the Equator B) north and south of the Equator C) east and west of the Prime Meridian D) north and south of the Prime Meridian E) None of these is correct; longitude is not measured in degrees. 15) A great circle can be described as ______. A) having its center at Earth's center B) being the shortest path between two points on Earth's surface C) always being a straight line on an equatorial cylindrical projection D) having its center at Earth's center and being the shortest path between two points on Earth's surface E) All of these are correct. 16) One degree of latitude is about equal to ______.Version 1 6 A) 1 nautical mile B) 1 land mile C) 60 nautical miles D) 60 land miles E) 600 nautical miles 17) Earth turns on its axis about ______. A) 1 degree in 4 minutes B) 4 degrees in 1 minute C) 4 degrees in 1 hour D) 15 degrees in 1 minute E) 30 degrees in 1 hour 18) An error in time of 2 minutes in determining longitude from local time and Greenwich Mean Time will cause a ____ error in longitude. A) 2 degree B) 1 degree C) 0.75 degree D) 0.50 degree E) 0.25 degree 19) If a clock is set to Greenwich Mean Time and the Sun is observed to reach its zenith at 10:00 A.M., what is the longitude?Version 1 7 A) 45°E B) 45°W C) 30°E D) 30°W E) 0° 20) A time zone is approximately ____ degrees wide. A) 5 B) 15 C) 90 D) 180 E) 365 21) Water covers ____ percent of Earth's surface. A) 17 B) 29 C) 50 D) 71 E) 78 22) The residence time for water in any of Earth's principal reservoirs can be calculated by dividing ______.Version 1 8 A) reservoir volume by rate of water supply B) rate of water removal by reservoir volume C) rate of water removal by water supply D) None of these is correct. E) reservoir volume by rate of water supply, rate of water removal by reservoir volume, and rate of water removal by water supply 23) The average depth of the ocean is about ______. A) 3800 m B) 3900 km C) 3800 mi D) 11,000 m E) 11,000 mi 24) Relationships between oceanic depths or land elevations and Earth's area are shown on a ______. A) Mercator projection B) bathymetric chart C) hypsographic curve D) navigational chart E) None of these is correct. 25) An area drawn on a hypsographic curve equates to a(n) ______.Version 1 9 A) area of the Earth B) volume of land or water C) mean elevation or depth D) All of these are correct. E) None of these is correct. 26) How many hours must be added to New York City's Eastern daylight time to obtain Greenwich Mean Time or Universal Time? A) +5 B) –5 C) +4 D) –4 E) +3 27) If a clock set to Greenwich Mean Time or Universal Time is moved to a location where noon, according to the Sun, occurs at 4:30 P.M. clock time, what is the longitude of the clock? A) 67.5°W B) 67.5°E C) 43.0°E D) 43.0°W E) 0.0° longitude 28) The U.S. Global Positioning System (GPS) is used to ______.Version 1 10 A) determine latitude and longitude B) measure altitude C) position storms, currents, and tides D) determine latitude and longitude and measure altitude E) determine latitude and longitude, measure altitude, and position storms, currents, and tides 29) At what latitude is the Sun directly overhead on the June Solstice? A) Tropic of Cancer B) Tropic of Capricorn C) Equator D) Arctic Circle E) Antarctic Circle 30) Which ocean basin is located primarily in the Southern Hemisphere? A) Pacific B) Atlantic C) Indian D) Arctic E) None of these is correct. 31) Which ocean basin is the deepest on average?Version 1 11 A) Pacific B) Atlantic C) Indian D) Arctic E) None of these is correct. 32) Which ocean basin is the largest? A) Pacific B) Atlantic C) Indian D) Arctic E) None of these is correct. 33) Which of the following factor(s) enable(s) the existence of liquid water on the Earth's surface? A) Earth's solar orbit B) Rotation of the Earth on its axis C) The Earth's atmospheric gases D) Earth's solar orbit and the Earth's atmospheric gases E) All of these are correct. 34) Approximately what percentage of water on Earth is contained within the oceans?Version 1 12 A) 12% B) 31% C) 52% D) 85% E) 97% 35) How long does it take for the Earth to make one rotation on its axis? A) 60 seconds B) 1 hour C) 24 hours D) 30 days E) 365 days 36) How long does it take for Earth to make one revolution around the Sun? A) 60 seconds B) 1 hour C) 24 hours D) 30 days E) 365 days 37) What type of material is thought to explain the larger size of the outer planets relative to the inner planets? Version 1 13 A) rock B) ice C) metals D) liquid water E) None of these is correct. 38) Approximately what percentage of gas emitted by volcanoes is water vapor? A) 1% B) 10% C) 25% D) 45% E) 70% 39) The South Pole is tilted toward the Sun on what day? A) March Equinox B) June Solstice C) September Equinox D) December Solstice E) All of these are correct. 40) Why are meteorites used to establish an age for the Earth?Version 1 14 A) They are believed to be the same material from which Earth formed. B) They are not radiogenic so they do not decay over time. C) Rocks on Earth have been recycled since the Earth was formed and are not believed to be as old as the Earth itself. D) They are believed to be the same material from which Earth formed and rocks on Earth have been recycled since the Earth was formed and are not believed to be as old as the Earth itself. E) All of these are correct. 41) Roughly what percentage of matter in the universe is identical to the type of matter that comprises the planets and stars? A) 65% B) 50% C) 25% D) 5% E) 1% 42) Arrange the following life forms in their order of appearance on Earth from first to appear to last to appear. A) reptiles, dinosaurs, fishes, birds, flowering plants B) fishes, reptiles, dinosaurs, birds, flowering plants C) flowering plants, reptiles, fishes, dinosaurs, birds D) birds, flowering plants, reptiles, dinosaurs, fishes E) dinosaurs, reptiles, flowering plants, fishes, birds 43) What percent of a parent radioactive element would remain after three half-lives of decay to its daughter isotope? Version 1 15 A) 75 B) 50 C) 25 D) 12.5 E) 6.25 44) The greatest mass extinction of all time, resulting in the disappearance of 96% of all species, occurred roughly ______ million years ago. A) 252 B) 201 C) 66 D) 45 E) 12 45) The International Hydrographic Organization defined the northern boundary of the Southern Ocean to be ______. A) 80⁰S B) 45⁰S C) 70⁰S D) 30⁰S E) 60⁰S 46) Earth's surface is protected from extreme temperature change and water loss by ______.