(Test Bank) Pharmacology

Tripathi, 1

Pharmacology

Test Bank

1st Edition

• $15.00 $50.00

---

Description

Test Bank for Pharmacology, The downloadable file consists of 408 pages, and the total size of the file is 1.93 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Tripathi

---

---

Study Note Preview

Contents 1. General Pharmacological Principles ................. 1 2. Drugs Acting on Autonomic ............................... 30 Nervous System 3. Autacoids and Related Drugs ............................ 61 4. Respiratory System Drugs .................................. 92 5. Hormones and Related Drugs........................... 102 6. Drugs Acting on Peripheral (Somatic) ............. 148 Nervous System 7. Drugs Acting on Central Nervous ..................... 161 System 8. Cardiovascular Drugs ........................................ 217 9. Drugs Acting on Kidney ..................................... 259 10. Drugs Affecting Blood and ................................ 273 Blood Formation 11. Gastrointestinal Drugs ....................................... 295 12. Antimicrobial Drugs ........................................... 318 13. Chemotherapy of Neoplastic Diseases ............ 401 Aim4aiims.in TESTBANK FOR PHARMACOLOGY KD TRIPATHIGeneral Pharmacological Principles 1 11 11 CHOOSE THE MOST APPROPRIATE RESPONSE 1.1`Essential drugs’ are: A. Life saving drugs B. Drugs that meet the priority health care needs of the population C. Drugs that must be present in the emergency bag of a doctor D. Drugs that are listed in the pharmacopoia of a country (p. 5) 1.2An 'orphan drug' is: A. A very cheap drug B. A drug which has no therapeutic useC. A drug needed for treatment or prevention of a rare disease D. A drug which acts on Orphanin receptors (p. 5, 6) 1.3Drug administered through the following route is most likely to be subjected to first-pass metabolism:A. Oral B. Sublingual C. SubcutaneousD. Rectal (p. 7, 8, 25) 1.1 1.11.1 1.11.1 B BB BB 1.2 1.21.2 1.21.2 C CC CC 1.3 1.31.3 1.31.3 A AA AA1234567890123456789 1 23456789012345678 9 1 23456789012345678 9 1 23456789012345678 9 1 23456789012345678 9 1 23456789012345678 9 1 23456789012345678 9 1 23456789012345678 9 1 23456789012345678 9 1 23456789012345678 9 12345678901234567891 General Pharmacological Principles Aim4aiims.in2 22 22MCQs in Pharmacology 1.4Transdermal drug delivery systems offer the following advantages except: A. They produce high peak plasma concentration of the drug B. They produce smooth and nonfluctuating plasma concentration of the drug C. They minimise interindividual variations in the achieved plasma drug concentration D. They avoid hepatic first-pass metabolism of the drug (p. 8, 9) 1.5In addition to slow intravenous infusion, which of the following routes of administration allows for titration ofthe dose of a drug with the response: A. Sublingual B. TransdermalC. InhalationalD. Nasal insufflation (p. 9) 1.6Which of the following drugs is administered by intra-nasal spray/application for systemic action: A. Phenylephrine B. DesmopressinC. AzelastineD. Beclomethasone dipropionate (p. 9, 540) 1.7Compared to subcutaneous injection, the intramus-cular injection of drugs: A. Is more painful B. Produces faster responseC. Is unsuitable for depot preparationsD. Carries greater risk of anaphylactic reaction (p. 9, 10) 1.4 A 1.4 A1.4 A 1.4 A1.4 A 1.5 1.51.5 1.51.5C CC CC1.6 1.61.6 1.61.6B BB BB1.7 B 1.7 B1.7 B 1.7 B1.7 B Aim4aiims.inGeneral Pharmacological Principles 3 33 33 1.8Select the route of administration which carries the highest risk of adversely affecting vital functions: A. Intra arterial injectionB. Intrathecal injectionC. Intravenous injectionD. Intramuscular injection (p. 10) 2.1Alkalinization of urine hastens the excretion of: A. Weakly basic drugsB. Weakly acidic drugs C. Strong electrolytes D. Nonpolar drugs (p. 13, 26) 2.2Majority of drugs cross biological membranes primarilyby:A. Passive diffusion B. Facilitated diffusion C. Active transportD. Pinocytosis (p. 12) 2.3Diffusion of drugs across cell membrane: A. Is dependent upon metabolic activity of the cell B. Is competitively inhibited by chemically related drugs C. Is affected by extent of ionization of drug mole- cules D. Exhibits saturation kinetics (p. 12) 2.4Which of the following drugs is most likely to be absorbed from the stomach: A. Morphine sulfateB. Diclofenac sodium C. Hyoscine hydrobromide D. Quinine dihydrochloride (p. 12) 1.8 C 2.1 B 2.2 A 2.31.8 C 2.1 B 2.2 A 2.31.8 C 2.1 B 2.2 A 2.31.8 C 2.1 B 2.2 A 2.31.8 C 2.1 B 2.2 A 2.3 C CC CC2.4 2.42.4 2.42.4B BB BB Aim4aiims.in4 44 44MCQs in Pharmacology 2.5Which of the following is a weakly acidic drug: A. Atropine sulfateB. Chloroquine phosphate C. Ephedrine hydrochloride D. Phenytoin sodium (p. 12) 2.6The most important factor which governs diffusion of drugs across capillaries other than those in the brain is:A. Blood flow through the capillary B. Lipid solubility of the drug C. pKa value of the drugD. pH of the medium (p. 13) 2.7Active transport of a substance across biologicalmembranes has the following characteristics except: A. It is specific B. It is pH dependent C. It is saturableD. It requires metabolic energy (p. 13) 2.8Tricyclic antidepressants can alter the oral absorptionof many drugs by:A. Complexing with the other drug in the intesti- nal lumen B. Altering gut motilityC. Altering gut floraD. Damaging gut mucosa (p. 14, 411) 2.9Bioavailability of drug refers to:A. Percentage of administered dose that reaches systemic circulation in the unchanged form B. Ratio of oral to parenteral doseC. Ratio of orally administered drug to that excre- ted in the faeces D. Ratio of drug excreted unchanged in urine to that excreted as metabolites (p. 15) 2.5 2.52.5 2.52.5D 2.6 A 2.7 B 2.8D 2.6 A 2.7 B 2.8D 2.6 A 2.7 B 2.8D 2.6 A 2.7 B 2.8D 2.6 A 2.7 B 2.8 B BB BB2.9 2.92.9 2.92.9A AA AA Aim4aiims.inGeneral Pharmacological Principles 5 55 55 2.10 Bioavailability differences among oral formulations of a drug are most likely to occur if the drug: A. Is freely water solubleB. Is completely absorbedC. Is incompletely absorbed D. Undergoes little first-pass metabolism (p. 16) 2.11 The most important factor governing absorption of a drug from intact skin is:A. Molecular weight of the drugB. Site of application C. Lipid solubility of the drug D. Nature of the base used in the formulation (p. 15) 2.12 If the total amount of a drug present in the body at agiven moment is 2.0 g and its plasma concentration is 25 μg/ml, its volume of distribution is: A. 100 L B. 80 LC. 60 L D. 50 L (p. 17) 2.13 The following attribute of a drug tends to reduce its volume of distribution:A. High lipid solubilityB. Low ionisation at physiological pH values C. High plasma protein binding D. High tissue binding (p. 17, 18) 2.14 Marked redistribution is a feature of: A. Highly lipid soluble drugs B. Poorly lipid soluble drugsC. Depot preparationsD. Highly plasma protein bound drugs (p. 17) 2.10 2.102.10 2.102.10 C 2.11 C 2.12 B C 2.11 C 2.12 B C 2.11 C 2.12 B C 2.11 C 2.12 B C 2.11 C 2.12 B 2.13 2.132.13 2.132.13 C CC CC2.14 2.142.14 2.142.14 A A A A A Aim4aiims.in6 66 66MCQs in Pharmacology 2.15 A nonvolatile, highly lipid soluble drug is metabolized at a rate of 15% per hour. On intravenous injection it produces general anaesthesia for 10 min. Which pro-cess is responsible for termination of its action:A. Metabolism in liver B. Plasma protein binding C. Excretion by kidney D. Redistribution (p. 17, 342) 2.16 The blood-brain barrier, which restricts entry of many drugs into brain, is constituted by: A. P-glycoprotein efflux carriers in brain capillary cells B. Tight junctions between endothelial cells of brain capillaries C. Enzymes present in brain capillary wallsD. All of the above (p. 17, 18) 2.17 Which of the following is not true of the blood-brain barrier:A. It is constituted by tight junctions between the endothelial cells of brain capillaries andthe glial tissue B. It allows passage of lipid soluble drugs into the brain C. It limits entry of highly ionized drugs into the brainD. It regulates passage of substances from brain into blood (p. 17, 18) 2.18 Weakly acidic drugs:A. Are bound primarily to α 1 acid glycoprotein in plasma B. Are excreted faster in alkaline urineC. Are highly ionized in the gastric juiceD. Do not cross blood-brain barrier (p. 18, 26) 2.15 2.152.15 2.152.15 D 2.16 D 2.17D 2.16 D 2.17D 2.16 D 2.17D 2.16 D 2.17D 2.16 D 2.17 D 2.18 D 2.18D 2.18 D 2.18D 2.18 B BB BB Aim4aiims.inGeneral Pharmacological Principles 7 77 77 2.19 2.192.19 2.192.19 D 2.20 D 2.21 C 2.22D 2.20 D 2.21 C 2.22D 2.20 D 2.21 C 2.22D 2.20 D 2.21 C 2.22D 2.20 D 2.21 C 2.22 D 2.23 D 2.23D 2.23 D 2.23D 2.23 C CC CC2.19 High plasma protein binding: A. Increases volume of distribution of the drug B. Facilitates glomerular filtration of the drug C. Minimises drug interactionsD. Generally makes the drug long acting (p. 18) 2.20 The plasma protein bound fraction of a drug:A. Contributes to the response at the given momentB. Remains constant irrespective of the total drug concentration C. Remains constant irrespective of the disease stateD. Is not available for metabolism unless actively extracted by the liver (p. 18, 19) 2.21 Biotransformation of drugs is primarily directed to:A. Activate the drugB. Inactivate the drugC. Convert lipid soluble drugs into nonlipid solu- ble metabolites D. Convert nonlipid soluble drugs into lipid solu- ble metabolites (p. 20) 2.22 Which of the following is a prodrug:A. Hydralazine B. Clonidine C. CaptoprilD. Enalapril (p. 20) 2.23 A prodrug is: A. The prototype member of a class of drugs B. The oldest member of a class of drugsC. An inactive drug that is transformed in the body to an active metabolite D. A drug that is stored in body tissues and is then gradually released in the circulation (p. 20) Aim4aiims.in8 88 88MCQs in Pharmacology 2.24 Which of the following cytochrome P450 isoenzymes is involved in the metabolism of largest number of drugs in human beings and has been implicated insome dangerous drug interactions:A. CYP 3A4B. CYP 2C9C. CYP 2E1 D. CYP 1A2 (p. 21, 142) 2.25 The following is not true of the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme CYP2D6: A. It generates the hepatotoxic metabolite N-acetyl benzoquinone immine from paracetamol B. It is involved in demethylation of codeine into morphine C. Its altered form is responsible for poor capacity to hydroxylate many drugs including metoprolol D. It is inhibited by quinidine (p. 21, 23) 2.26 The most commonly occurring conjugation reaction fordrugs and their metabolites is:A. GlucuronidationB. AcetylationC. MethylationD. Glutathione conjugation (p. 22) 2.27 Microsomal enzyme induction can be a cause of:A. ToleranceB. Physical dependenceC. Psychological dependenceD. Idiosyncrasy (p. 24) 2.28 The following drug metabolizing reaction is entirely nonmicrosomal: A. Glucuronide conjugationB. Acetylation C. Oxidation D. Reduction (p. 23) 2.24 2.242.24 2.242.24 A 2.25 A 2.26 A 2.27A 2.25 A 2.26 A 2.27A 2.25 A 2.26 A 2.27A 2.25 A 2.26 A 2.27A 2.25 A 2.26 A 2.27 A 2.28 A 2.28A 2.28 A 2.28A 2.28 B BB BB Aim4aiims.inGeneral Pharmacological Principles 9 99 99 2.29 Which of the following types of drug metabolizing enzymes are inducible: A. Microsomal enzymesB. Nonmicrosomal enzymes C. Both microsomal and nonmicrosomal enzymes D. Mitochondrial enzymes (p. 23, 24) 2.30 Induction of drug metabolizing enzymes involves: A. A conformational change in the enzyme protein to favour binding of substrate molecules B. Expression of enzyme molecules on the surface of hepatocytes C. Enhanced transport of substrate molecules into hepatocytes D. Increased synthesis of enzyme protein (p. 24) 2.31 Select the drug that undergoes extensive first-passmetabolism in the liver:A. PhenobarbitoneB. PropranololC. PhenylbutazoneD. Theophylline (p. 25) 2.32 Drugs which undergo high degree of first-pass meta-bolism in liver:A. Have low oral bioavailabilityB. Are excreted primarily in bileC. Are contraindicated in liver diseaseD. Exhibit zero order kinetics of elimination (p. 25) 2.33 Glomerular filtration of a drug is affected by its:A. Lipid solubilityB. Plasma protein bindingC. Degree of ionizationD. Rate of tubular secretion (p. 26) 2.29 2.292.29 2.292.29 A 2.30 D 2.31 B 2.32 A 2.33 BA 2.30 D 2.31 B 2.32 A 2.33 BA 2.30 D 2.31 B 2.32 A 2.33 BA 2.30 D 2.31 B 2.32 A 2.33 BA 2.30 D 2.31 B 2.32 A 2.33 B Aim4aiims.in10 1010 1010MCQs in Pharmacology 2.34 If a drug undergoes net tubular secretion, its renal clearance will be:A. More than the glomerular filtration rateB. Equal to the glomerular filtration rateC. Less than the glomerular filtration rateD. Equal to the rate of urine formation (p. 27) 2.35 The plasma half life of penicillin-G is longer in the new born because their:A. Plasma protein level is low B. Drug metabolizing enzymes are immature C. Glomerular filtration rate is lowD. Tubular transport mechanisms are not well developed (p. 27) 2.36 If a drug is excreted in urine at the rate of 10 mg/hr at a steady-state plasma concentration of 5 mg/L, then its renal clearance is:A. 0.5 L/hrB. 2.0 L/hr C. 5.0 L/hr D. 20 L/hr (p. 27) 2.37 Which of the following is not a primary/fundamental, but a derived pharmacokinetic parameter:A. Bioavailability B. Volume of distribution C. ClearanceD. Plasma half life (p. 29) 2.38 If a drug is eliminated by first order kinetics:A. A constant amount of the drug will be elimi- nated per unit time B. Its clearance value will remain constantC. Its elimination half life will increase with doseD. It will be completely eliminated from the body in 2 × half life period (p. 27-28) 2.34 A 2.35 D 2.36 B 2.37 D 2.38 B2.34 A 2.35 D 2.36 B 2.37 D 2.38 B2.34 A 2.35 D 2.36 B 2.37 D 2.38 B2.34 A 2.35 D 2.36 B 2.37 D 2.38 B2.34 A 2.35 D 2.36 B 2.37 D 2.38 B Aim4aiims.inGeneral Pharmacological Principles 11 1111 1111 2.39 If a drug has a constant bioavailability and first order elimination, its maintenance dose rate will be directly proportional to its:A. Volume of distributionB. Plasma protein binding C. Lipid solubility D. Total body clearance (p. 29) 2.40 If the clearance of a drug remains constant, doublingthe dose rate will increase the steady-state plasmadrug concentration by a factor of:A. × 3 B. × 2 C. × 1.5D. × 1.3 (p. 29) 2.41 When the same dose of a drug is repeated at half lifeintervals, the steady-state (plateau) plasma drug con-centration is reached after: A. 2–3 half lives B. 4–5 half livesC. 6–7 half lives D. 8–10 half lives (p. 30) 2.42 The loading dose of a drug is governed by its:A. Renal clearance B. Plasma half lifeC. Volume of distributionD. Elimination rate constant (p. 30) 2.43 Monitoring of blood levels of diuretic drugs is not practised because:A. No sensitive methods for measuring blood levels of diuretics are available B. It is easier to measure the effect of these drugs C. Response to diuretics is not related to their blood levels D. Diuretics need activation in the body (p. 31) 2.39 D 2.40 B 2.41 B 2.42 C 2.43 B2.39 D 2.40 B 2.41 B 2.42 C 2.43 B2.39 D 2.40 B 2.41 B 2.42 C 2.43 B2.39 D 2.40 B 2.41 B 2.42 C 2.43 B2.39 D 2.40 B 2.41 B 2.42 C 2.43 B Aim4aiims.in12 1212 1212MCQs in Pharmacology 2.44 C 2.45 C 2.46 A 3.1 B 3.2 C2.44 C 2.45 C 2.46 A 3.1 B 3.2 C2.44 C 2.45 C 2.46 A 3.1 B 3.2 C2.44 C 2.45 C 2.46 A 3.1 B 3.2 C2.44 C 2.45 C 2.46 A 3.1 B 3.2 C2.44 Monitoring plasma drug concentration is useful while using:A. Antihypertensive drugs B. Levodopa C. Lithium carbonateD. MAO inhibitors (p. 31) 2.45 Sustained/controlled release oral dosage form isappropriate for the following type of drug: A. An antiarthritic with a plasma half life of 24 hr B. A sleep inducing hypnotic with a plasma half life of 2 hours C. An antihypertensive with a plasma half life of 3 hours D. An analgesic with a plasma half life of 6 hours used for relief of casual headache (p. 31) 2.46 Microsomal enzyme induction has one of the followingfeatures:A. Takes about one week to develop B. Results in increased affinity of the enzyme for the substrate C. It is irreversibleD. Can be used to treat acute drug poisonings (p. 24, 34, 35) 3.1Which of the following drugs acts by inhibiting an enzyme in the body:A. Atropine B. Allopurinol C. LevodopaD. Metoclopramide (p. 34) 3.2The following is a competitive type of enzyme inhibitor:A. Acetazolamide B. Disulfiram C. Physostigmine D. Theophylline (p. 34, 35) Aim4aiims.inGeneral Pharmacological Principles 13 1313 1313 3.3What is true in relation to drug receptors: A. All drugs act through specific receptors B. All drug receptors are located on the surface of the target cells C. Agonists induce a conformational change in the receptor D. Partial agonists have low affinity for the receptor (p. 35-37) 3.4Drugs acting through receptors exhibit the followingfeatures except : A. Structural specificityB. High potency C. Competitive antagonism D. Dependence of action on lipophilicity (p. 45) 3.5Study of drug-receptor interaction has now shown that: A. Maximal response occurs only when all recep- tors are occupied by the drug B. Drugs exert an ‘all or none’ action on a receptorC. Receptor and drugs acting on it have rigid complementary ‘lock and key’ structural features D. Properties of ‘affinity’ and ‘intrinsic activity’ are independently variable (p. 36-37) 3.6A partial agonist can antagonise the effects of a full agonist because it has: A. High affinity but low intrinsic activity B. Low affinity but high intrinsic activity C. No affinity and low intrinsic activity D. High affinity but no intrinsic activity (p. 37) 3.7Receptor agonists possess: A. Affinity but no intrinsic activity B. Intrinsic activity but no affinity C. Affinity and intrinsic activity with a + sign D. Affinity and intrinsic activity with a – sign (p. 37) 3.3 C 3.4 D 3.5 D 3.6 A 3.7 C 3.3 C 3.4 D 3.5 D 3.6 A 3.7 C 3.3 C 3.4 D 3.5 D 3.6 A 3.7 C 3.3 C 3.4 D 3.5 D 3.6 A 3.7 C 3.3 C 3.4 D 3.5 D 3.6 A 3.7 C Aim4aiims.in14 1414 1414MCQs in Pharmacology 3.8Agonists affect the receptor molecule in the following manner: A. Alter its amino acid sequence B. Denature the receptor protein C. Alter its folding or alignment of subunits D. Induce covalent bond formation (p. 38) 3.9Receptors perform the following function/functions: A. Ligand recognitionB. Signal transductionC. Both ligand recognition and signal transduction D. Disposal of agonists and antagonists (p. 45) 3.10 The following receptor type has 7 helical membrane spanning amino acid segments with 3 extracellularand 3 intracellular loops:A. Tyrosine protein kinase receptor B. Gene expression regulating receptor C. Intrinsic ion channel containing receptorD. G protein coupled receptor (p. 39-40) 3.11 Which of the following is a G protein coupled recep-tor:A. Muscarinic cholinergic receptor B. Nicotinic cholinergic receptor C. Glucocorticoid receptorD. Insulin receptor (p. 40, 42) 3.12 The following receptor has an intrinsic ion channel: A. Histamine H1 receptor B. Histamine H2 receptor C. Adrenergic alfa receptor D. GABA-benzodiazepine receptor (p. 42) 3.8 C 3.9 C 3.10 D 3.11 A 3.12 D 3.8 C 3.9 C 3.10 D 3.11 A 3.12 D 3.8 C 3.9 C 3.10 D 3.11 A 3.12 D 3.8 C 3.9 C 3.10 D 3.11 A 3.12 D 3.8 C 3.9 C 3.10 D 3.11 A 3.12 D Aim4aiims.in