(Test Bank) By The People

Kersh, 5

Sociology

Test Bank

5th Edition

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Author(s): Kersh

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Morone , By The People , Fifth Edition © Oxford University Press, 2020. Chapter 1: The Spirit of American Politics Test Bank Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 1 1) How many public officials, in total, do Americans elect? Feedback: factual *a. 500,000 b. 300,000 c. 700,000 d. 100,000 Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 2 2) On how many occasions did Americans inaugurate presidential candidates who got fewer popular votes than their opponents? Feedback: factual a. Ten *b. Five c. Three d. Thirteen Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 3 3) How long are the Supreme Court justices’ terms? Feedback: factual a. They are elected for a term of two years. *b. They are appointed for life. c. They are elected every four years. d. They are appointed for a term of ten years. Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 4 4) The Supreme Court in 1857 ruled that black people were Feedback: factual a. equal in all respects. *b. inferior. c. allowed to vote. d. unable to m arry. Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 5 5) In a republic, who is in charge? Feedback: conceptual *a. The people b. The president c. The Supreme Court d. The bureaucracy Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 6 6) Early America did not live up to the ideal expressed in the first three words of the Constitution, “We the People.” Which of the following groups were actually included in government? Morone , By The People , Fifth Edition © Oxford University Press, 2020. Feedback: applied a. Slaves b. Women *c. White men d. American Indians Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 7 7) What percentage of House Members win reelection? Feedback: factual a. 85% b. 78% *c. 95% d. 23% Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 8 8) What does the term military -industrial complex mean? Feedback: conceptual *a. A network of influence and money flowing between defense contractors, military figures in the Pentagon, and defense policy officials in Congress and the White House b. A complex that housed military and industrial officials c. The collaborative efforts between the military and industrial suppliers d. A military base located in Virginia Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Que stion 9 9) The idea that those who carry out day -to-day operations of government are in control is known as Feedback: factual a. pluralist theory. b. elite theory. c. social movement theory. *d. bureaucratic theory. Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 10 10) The major difference between political theories is Feedback: conceptual a. who wrote them. *b. who is in charge. c. who is elected president. d. the major institutions at work. Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 11 11) Benjamin Franklin believed Americans must be _______ to maintain their republic. Feedback: applied *a. vigilant and active b. quiet and inactive c. willing to run for office d. willing to serve in the military Type: mult iple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 12 12) What is suggested by pluralist theory? Morone , By The People , Fifth Edition © Oxford University Press, 2020. Feedback: conceptual a. Multicultural existence *b. People can influence government through interest groups c. People can influence government through individual advocacy d. One can believe in numerous religions Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 13 13) Where does pluralist theory say that influence is displayed in government? Feedback: conceptual a. Religious groups *b. Interest groups c. Political groups d. Unions Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 14 14) According to pluralist theory , where is political power located? Feedback: conceptual *a. Interest groups b. Political machines c. Religious groups d. Bureaucracy Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 15 15) Where does elite theory place the location of political power? Feedback: conceptual a. Richest in government, the judicial branch, and the military b. Richest in college institutions, businesses, and the Central Intelligence Agency c. Richest in unions, corporations, and banks *d. Richest in government, corporations, and the military Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 16 16) What is the source of influence according to those who support elite theory? Feedback: conceptual a. Status based on economic influence and religious background *b. Status based on economic influence and leadership position c. Status based on economic influence and academic background d. Status based on economic influence and party affiliation Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 17 17) Those who support social movement theory believe that the location of political power is Feedb ack: conceptual a. controversial uprisings and movements. b. religious uprisings and movements. *c. popular uprisings and movements. d. economic uprisings and movements. Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 18 18) According to social movement theory, government is influenced by Feedback: conceptual *a. strength of persuasion. Morone , By The People , Fifth Edition © Oxford University Press, 2020. b. strength of student demands. c. strength of union demands. d. strength of private demands. Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 19 19) Which of the following movements was an example of social movement theory? Feedback: conceptual a. Tea Party b. Occupy Wall Street c. Civil rights movement *d. All of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 20 20) What theory holds that all political outcomes —elections, the passage of a law, even mass rallies —are the aggregate of the public’s individual interests? Feedback: conceptual a. Political -choice theory *b. Rational -choice theory c. Mass -choice theory d. Public -choice theory Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 21 21) The four “I’s” the textbook focuses on are Feedback: factual a. Ideas, institutions, interests, idiosyncrasies b. Ideas, institutions, intelligence, individuals *c. Ideas, institutions, interest, individuals d. Internationalism, institutions, interest, individuals Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 22 22) Which person brought forward the idea of a “mi litary -industrial complex”? Feedback: applied a. Franklin D. Roosevelt *b. Dwight Eisenhower c. Harry Truman d. John F. Kennedy Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 23 23) Which of these persons was an American civilian in Iraq after the United States toppled Saddam Hussein in 2003 and founded a public service organization to provide first aid, food, and health care to ordinary Iraqis hurt in the war? Feedback: factual a. Helen Williamson b. Steven Johnson *c. Marla Ruzicka d. Henry James Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 24 Morone , By The People , Fifth Edition © Oxford University Press, 2020. 24) What was the name of Marla Ruzicka’s organization to help Iraqis with first aid, food, and health care? Feedback: factual *a. Campaign for Innocent Victims in Conflict, or CIVIC b. Campaign for Iraqi Victims in Conflict, or CIVIC c. Campaign for Ideological Victims in Conflict, or CIVIC d. Campaign for Injured Victims in Conflict, or CIVIC Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 25 25) Patrick Henry, a Virginia politician, made what declaration when he read the new Constitution? Feedback: factual *a. “I smell a rat.” b. “As little power to the people as possible.” c. “This will never work.” d. “We have a government.” Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 26 26) Who famously said, “Government is not the solution to the problem; government is the problem”? Feedback: factual a. Patrick Henry b. Dwight Eisenhower c. Richard Nixon *d. Ronald Reagan Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 27 27) Why did Patrick Henry, when he heard about the new Constitution in 1787, make the famous statement “I smell a rat”? Feedback: factual *a. He believed that the new federal government would be too strong. b. He was concerned that some members in Congress were unscrupulous. c. He warned that the new Constitution would produce a new federal government that would be too weak. d. None of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 28 28) Alexis de Tocqueville, a French visitor to America in 1831 –1832, noticed particular ways of thinking in Americans that he called “_______,” or patterns of social interactions that naturally flowed from Americans in their interchanges and mutual problem so lving. He believed these patterns formed the foundation of a robust democracy. Feedback: conceptual *a. habits of the heart b. instincts for living c. patterns of life d. rules of living Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 29 29) _______ are collaborative efforts between business firms and government officials to achieve public ends. Feedback: applied a. government -private partnerships b. private -social partnerships Morone , By The People , Fifth Edition © Oxford University Press, 2020. *c. public -private partnerships d. social -public partnerships Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 30 30) Today, only about _______ percent of Americans trust the national government “to do the right thing most of the time.” Feedback: factual *a. 17 b. 5 c. 20 d. 17 Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 31 31) The fifteen cabinet departments employ how many civilian employees? Feedback: factual *a. 2.7 million b. 2,800 c. 280 d. 28 Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 32 32) The president’s cabinet has _______ departments. Feedback: factual *a. Fifteen b. Twenty c. Twelve d. Thirty -three Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 33 33) There are more than _______ active and reserve members of the armed forces. Feedback: factual a. 3.5 million b. 4.5 million *c. 2.5 million d. 1.7 million Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 34 34) There are nearly _______ million state and local government workers. Feedback: factual a. 11.5 b. 15.5 c. 13.5 *d. 19.4 Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 35 35) Americans give the government high marks for Feedback: factual *a. responding to natural disasters. b. growing the economy. Morone , By The People , Fifth Edition © Oxford University Press, 2020. c. preventing poverty. d. the education system. Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 36 36) The Constitution begins by stating Feedback: factual *a. the basic functions of government. b. the reasons for revolution. c. the office of the presidency. d. a list of grievances. Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 37 37) The annual federal government budget, according to the text, is Feedback: factual *a. $4.8 trillion. b. $1.5 trillion. c. $3.3 trillion. d. $9 trillion. Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 38 38) Without the aid of _______ (their fi rst client), the famous Wright brothers would not have been able to develop the airplane. Feedback: factual *a. the U.S. military b. their family c. banks d. their friends Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 39 39) More than _______ percent of all federal government spending goes to just four programs. Feedback: factual *a. 65 b. 50 c. 75 d. 80 Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 40 40) Which four programs collectively receive the largest share of federal government spending? Feedback: factual a. Education, human services, Social Security, and Medicare *b. The military, Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid c. Social Security, Medicar e, Medicaid, and education d. The military, education, Medicare, and Medicaid Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 41 41) The expenditures of the four largest programs of the federal government total over _______ trillion dollars. Feedback: factual *a. 3 Morone , By The People , Fifth Edition © Oxford University Press, 2020. b. 1 c. 5 d. 7 Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 42 42) The U.S. tax burden ranks _______ among the thirty wealthiest nations in the world. Feedback: factual a. seventeenth b. third *c. thirty -second d. tenth Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 43 43) Cars stop at red lights as a result of Feedback: applied a. common law. b. accepted practice. *c. government rules. d. interest groups. Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 44 44) Who sets the rules for society? Feedback: factual *a. Governments b. Interest groups c. Corporations d. Religious organizations Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 45 45) What is meant by the expression “The United States is a nation of immigrants”? Feedback: conceptual a. America i s a country where people from different countries can come to work and vacation and then return home. b. The United States is a nation where people from a few countries can come to live. *c. The United States is a country where individuals come to reinvent themselves. d. All of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 46 46) When did the Puritans land in Massachusetts? Feedback: factual a. 1700 b. 1597 c. 1802 *d. 1630 Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 47 47) In the New World, some colonists came up with a remarkable phrase: they considered themselves a community of saints, a “city on a hill.” What is meant by this phrase? Feedback: conceptual Morone , By The People , Fifth Edition © Oxford University Press, 2020. *a. They were a model for the whole world to follow. b. Their new home was located on a hill. c. The New World was their Heaven. d. None of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 48 48) As early European settlers arrived in the New World, different settle rs were arriving from Africa, chained in slave ships. Drivers and traders tried to strip Africans of which of the following? Feedback: factual a. Their families b. Their identities c. Their names and heritage *d. All of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 49 49) When did the first people from Ireland and Germany come to America? Feedback: factual a. In the 1770s *b. In the 1840s c. In the 1900s d. In the 1890s Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Ques tion 50 50) When did the first groups of people from Poland and Italy immigrate to America? Feedback: factual a. In the 1800s b. In the 1750s c. In the 1850s *d. In the 1900s Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 51 51) From which of the following countries are people coming to America today? Feedback: factual a. China b. Mexico c. India *d. All of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 52 52) Immigrants had to wrestle with what in their new land? Feedback: factual a. Parents b. Welfare programs *c. Identity d. Children Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 53 Morone , By The People , Fifth Edition © Oxford University Press, 2020. 53) Studies show that millennials, on average, are more respons ible, harder working, and more law - abiding than the generations that came before. Which of the following are they more inclined to do than their predecessors were? Feedback: applied a. Volunteer b. Donate a higher share of their income to charity c. Start entrepreneurial organizations with social impact *d. All of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 54 54) Millennials were born between Feedback: applied a. 1945 and 1965. b. 1963 and 1973. c. 1972 and 1982. *d. 1981 a nd 1996. Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 55 55) What is a republic? Feedback: conceptual *a. A system of government that rests ultimate governing power in its people, who may rule directly or via representatives b. A system of government that rests most governing power in an elite selected for authority based on superior education c. A system of government that rests no governing power in its people but instead allows a single individual to exercise sole political cont rol to ensure the well -being of all people d. None of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 56 56) What is one way in which those with more money can gain greater political influence? Feedback: conceptual a. Buy votes *b. Give money to campaigns c. Pay the salary of elected officials d. Build new state buildings Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 57 57) Political machines were corrupt parties that ran many city and state governments, most famously in which century? Feedback: factual *a. The nineteenth b. The twenty -first c. The eighteenth d. None of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 58 58) The principle of checks and balances ensures that which branch of government has the authority to block the other branches? Feedback: conceptual a. The executive branch Morone , By The People , Fifth Edition © Oxford University Press, 2020. b. The judicial branch c. The legislative branch *d. All three branches Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 59 59) When most people talk about politics, who are they thinking of? Feedback: factual *a. Individuals b. Institutions c. Ideas d. Interests Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 60 60) When did the first Constitutional Convention begin? Feedback: factual *a. 1787 b. 1878 c. 1856 d. None of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 61 61) Political scientists stress which aspect of government? Feedback: factual a. Ideas *b. Institutions c. Individuals d. Interests Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 62 62) An example of a government institution is Feedback: factual a. The Department of Agriculture b. The Nevada Legislature c. The Marine Corps *d. All of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 63 63) A form of government in which the people hold power is a Feedback: factual a. republic. *b. democracy. c. dictatorship. d. monarchy. Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 64 64) The Supreme Court serves as a check on Feedback: factual a. The executive branch b. Congress Morone , By The People , Fifth Edition © Oxford University Press, 2020. c. State governments *d. All of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 65 65) As _______ left the Constitutional Convention in 1787, a woman stopped him. “What kind of government have you given us?” she asked. He responded, “A republic, madam —if you can keep it.” Feedback: factual a. Thomas Jefferson *b. Benjamin Franklin c. John A dams d. None of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 66 66) _______, a republic that had collapsed during ancient times, was highly influential on the founders of the United States in the development of the Constitution. Feedback: factual *a. Athens b. Barcelona c. London d. Moscow Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 67 67) The Constitution protected slavery and gave slaveholders _______ of a vote for every person they kept in chains. Feedback: factual a. One-third b. One-fourth *c. Three -fifths d. None of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 68 68) President Eisenhower was a five -star general who commanded American forces. In which war did he serve in this capacity? Feedback: factual a. World War I *b. World War II c. Vietnam War d. None of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 69 69) A government in which citizens rule indirectly through elected representatives is a Feedback: factual a. democracy. b. dictatorship. *c. republic. d. parliamentary system. Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 70 70) What does the political term institutions mean? Morone , By The People , Fifth Edition © Oxford University Press, 2020. Feedback: conceptual a. Organizational establishments *b. The organizations, norms, and rules that structure political action c. The mindsets of a political environment d. The establishments of the political elite Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 71 71) Which of the following is an example of an institution ? Feedback: conceptual *a. Congress b. Red Cross c. Occupy Wall Street d. All of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 72 72) Which of the following is an example of an institution ? Feedback: conceptual a. Little League *b. News media c. The Daily Show d. None of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 73 73) Which of the following is an example of an institution ? Feedback: conceptual *a. The Supreme Court b. United Way c. Families d. All of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 74 74) Which of the following is an example of an institution ? Feedback: conceptual a. Parent -Teacher Association b. Knights of Columbus *c. Department of Homeland Security d. All of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 75 75) What is the term for people joining others in order to achieve a common goal? Feedback: conceptual *a. Civil society b. Government c. Sports d. The military Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 76 76) Which of the following is part of the three sectors of society? Feedback: conceptual Morone , By The People , Fifth Edition © Oxford University Press, 2020. *a. Private life b. Religious life c. Civic life d. None of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 77 77) Which of the following is pa rt of the three sectors of society? Feedback: conceptual a. Little League sports *b. Government c. Reality TV d. None of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 78 78) What defines private life ? Feedback: conceptual *a. Individuals, families, and friends connecting with one another b. Individuals’ personal affairs c. Individuals and their friends, acting on their own d. All of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 79 79) What defines civil society ? Feedback: conceptual a. Individuals achieving goals by themselves *b. People joining with others to achieve some goal c. People joining groups to be entertained d. None of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 80 80) What defines government ? Feedback: conceptual a. Informal and formal organizations that make decisions for the whole society *b. Formal organizations that make decisions for the whole society c. Public and private partnership to make decisions for the whole society d. None of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 81 81) Which of the following is an example of civil society ? Feedback: conceptual a. Bowling club b. Bible study circle c. Business association *d. All of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 82 82) Which of the following is a good example of a successful public -private partnership? Feedback: conceptual a. The chamber of commerce working with the city government to renovate parks Morone , By The People , Fifth Edition © Oxford University Press, 2020. b. Nonprofit organizations working with the school district to launch innovative schools c. A sports team collaborating with the state to develop a financing scheme to construct a sports arena *d. All of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 83 83) People learn to interact with others and solve problems through Feedback: factual a. government programs. b. the educational system. *c. joining groups. d. votin g. Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 84 84) Americans develop their “habits of the heart” through Feedback: factual a. working individually. b. working for the government. *c. joining groups. d. working with their families. Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 85 85) Which of the following is a way for students to engage within our political system? Feedback: applied a. Join a Senate campaign b. Attend a town meeting c. Run for office *d. All of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 86 86) Which of the following is a way for students to get involved from outside the political system? Feedback: applied a. Call media attention to a problem b. Serve in (or start) an advocacy group c. Launch an online idea like tracking federal government spending *d. All of the above Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 87 87) The basic building block of a strong democracy is Feedback: conceptual a. voting. *b. civil society. c. protesting. d. the Constitution. Type: multiple choice question Title: Chapter 01 Question 88 88) _______ provides health care for people over the age of sixty -five. Feedback: factual *a. Medicare b. Welfare