(Test Bank) Pharmacology a Patient-Centered Nursing Process Approach

Kee,Hayes,McCuistion, 8

Medicine

Test Bank

8th Edition

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Test Bank for Pharmacology a Patient-Centered Nursing Process Approach, The downloadable file consists of 546 pages, and the total size of the file is 5.81 MB. Purchase now only for highly discounted price.

Author(s): Kee, Hayes, McCuistion

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a. clinical pharmacology. b. drug efficacy. c. pharmacokinetics. d. pharmacotherapeutics. 1. The nurse is teaching a patient how a medication works to treat an illness. To do this, the nurse will rely on knowledge of: MULTIPLE CHOICE Chapter 1: Orientation to Pharmacology Test Bank 2. What does it mean when a drug is described as easy to administer? a. It can be stored indefinitely without need for refrigeration. b. It does not interact significantly with other medications. c. It enhances patient adherence to the drug regimen. d. It is usually relatively inexpensive to produce. 3. A patient tells the nurse that he was told by the prescriber that the analgesic he is taking is very effective. Which statement by the patient demonstrates an understanding of the drug’s effectiveness? “I don’t have to worry about toxicity, since it takes a large amount of this drug to cause a. an overdose.” b. “It has no side effects and doesn’t interact with other drugs.” c. “I only have to take it every 12 hours.” d. “It might make me sleepy, and it lessens pain for several hours at a time.” MULTIPLE RESPONSE 1. What are the properties of an ideal drug? (Select all that apply.) a. Irreversible action b. Predictability c. Ease of administration d. Chemical stability e. A simple trade name 2. Before administering a medication, what does the nurse need to know to evaluate how individual patient variability might affect the patient’s response to the medication? (Select all that apply.) a. Chemical stability of the medication b. Ease of administration c. Family medical history d. Patient’s age e. Patient’s diagnosis Chapter 2: Application of Pharmacology in Nursing Practice Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A patient is using a metered -dose inhaler containing albuterol for asthma. The medication label instructs the patient to administer “2 puffs every 4 hours as needed for coughing or wheezing.” The patient reports feeling jittery sometimes when taking the medication, and she doesn’t feel that the medication is always effective. Which is not an appropriate nursing intervention for this patient? a. Asking the patient to demonstrate use of the inhaler b. Assessing the patient’s exposure to tobacco smoke c. Auscultating lung sounds and obtaining vital signs d. Suggesting that the patient use one puff to reduce side effects 2. A postoperative patient is being discharged home with acetaminophen/hydrocodone (Lortab) for pain. The patient asks the nurse about using Tylenol for fever. Which statement by the nurse is correct? a. “It is not safe to take over-the-counter drugs with prescription medications.” b. “Taking the two medications together poses a risk of drug toxicity.” c. “There are no known drug interactions, so this will be safe.” d. “Tylenol and Lortab are different drugs, so there is no risk of overdose.” 3. The nurse is preparing to care for a patient who will be taking an antihypertensive medication. Which action by the nurse is part of the assessment step of the nursing process? a. Asking the prescriber for an order to monitor serum drug levels b. Monitoring the patient for drug interactions after giving the medication c. Questioning the patient about over-the-counter medications d. Taking the patient’s blood pressure throughout the course of treatment 4. A postoperative patient reports pain, which the patient rates as an 8 on a scale from 1 to 10 (10 being the most extreme pain). The prescriber has ordered acetaminophen (Tylenol) 650 mg PO every 6 hours PRN pain. What will the nurse do? a. Ask the patient what medications have helped with pain in the past. b. Contact the provider to request a different analgesic medication. c. Give the pain medication and reposition the patient to promote comfort. d. Request an order to administer the medication every 4 hours. 5. A patient newly diagnosed with diabetes is to be discharged from the hospital. The nurse teaching this patient about home management should begin by doing what? a. Asking the patient to demonstrate how to measure and administer insulin b. Discussing methods of storing insulin and discarding syringes c. Giving information about how diet and exercise affect insulin requirements d. Teaching the patient about the long-term consequences of poor diabetes control 6. The nurse receives an order to give morphine 5 mg IV every 2 hours PRN pain. Which action is not part of the six rights of drug administration? a. Assessing the patient’s pain level 15 to 30 minutes after giving the medication Checking the medication administration record to see when the last dose was b. administered Consulting a drug manual to determine whether the amount the prescriber ordered is c. appropriate Documenting the reason the medication was given in the patient’s electronic medical d. record 7. A patient tells a nurse that a medication prescribed for recurrent migraine headaches is not working. What will the nurse do? a. Ask the patient about the number and frequency of tablets taken. b. Assess the patient’s headache pain on a scale from 1 to 10. c. Report the patient’s complaint to the prescriber. d. Suggest biofeedback as an adjunct to drug therapy. 8. A nurse is preparing to administer medications. Which patient would the nurse consider to have the greatest predisposition to an adverse reaction? a. A 30-year-old man with kidney disease b. A 75-year-old woman with cystitis c. A 50-year-old man with an upper respiratory tract infection d. A 9-year-old boy with an ear infection 9. A nurse consults a drug manual before giving a medication to an 80-year-old patient. The manual states that elderly patients are at increased risk for hepatic side effects. Which action by the nurse is correct? a. Contact the provider to discuss an order for pretreatment laboratory work. Ensure that the drug is given in the correct dose at the correct time to minimize the risk b. of adverse effects. c. Notify the provider that this drug is contraindicated for this patient. d. Request an order to give the medication intravenously so that the drug does not pass through the liver. 10. A patient has been receiving intravenous penicillin for pneumonia for several days and begins to complain of generalized itching. The nurse auscultates bilateral wheezing and notes a temperature of 38.5° C (101° F). Which is the correct action by the nurse? a. Administer the next dose and continue to evaluate the patient’s symptoms. b. Ask the prescriber if an antihistamine can be given to relieve the itching. c. Contact the prescriber to request an order for a chest radiograph. d. Hold the next dose and notify the prescriber of the symptoms. MULTIPLE RESPONSE 1. A nurse is reviewing a patient’s medical record before administering a medication. Which factor(s) can alter the patient’s physiologic response to the drug? (Select all that apply.) a. Ability to swallow pills b. Age c. Genetic factors d. Gender e. Height Chapter 3: Drug Regulation, Development, Names, and Information Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A nurse educator is conducting a continuing education class on pharmacology. To evaluate the learning of the nurses in the class, the nurse educator asks, “Which drug name is a generic drug name?” Which is the correct response? a. Acetaminophen b. Tylenol c. Cipro d. Motrin 2. The FDA Amendments Act (FDAAA) was passed in 2007 to address which aspect of drug safety? Allowing pharmaceutical companies to identify off-label uses of medications approved a. for other uses Evaluating drug safety information that emerges after a drug has been approved and is b. in use Expediting the approval process of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) so that c. needed drugs can get to market more quickly d. Requiring manufacturers to notify patients before removing a drug from the market 3. A nursing student asks a nurse about pharmaceutical research and wants to know the purpose of randomization in drug trials. The nurse explains that randomization is used to: ensure that differences in outcomes are the result of treatment and not differences in a. subjects. compare the outcome caused by the treatment to the outcome caused by no b. treatment. c. make sure that researchers are unaware of which subjects are in which group. d. prevent subjects from knowing which group they are in and prevent preconception bias. 4. Someone asks a nurse about a new drug that is in preclinical testing and wants to know why it cannot be used to treat a friend’s illness. Which statement by the nurse is correct? a. “A drug at this stage of development can be used only in patients with serious disease.” “At this stage of drug development, the safety and usefulness of the medication is b. unknown.” c. “Clinical trials must be completed to make sure the drug is safe to use in humans.” d. “Until postmarketing surveillance data are available, the drug cannot be used.” 5. A patient asks a nurse why drugs that have been approved by the FDA still have unknown side effects. The nurse tell the patient that: a. testing for all side effects of a medication would be prohibitively expensive. b. patients in drug trials often are biased by their preconceptions of a drug’s benefits. c. researchers tend to conduct studies that will prove the benefits of their new drugs. d. subjects in drug trials do not always represent the full spectrum of possible patients. 6. A nurse is teaching nursing students about the use of nonproprietary names for drugs. The nurse tells them which fact about nonproprietary names? a. They are approved by the FDA and are easy to remember. b. They are assigned by the U.S. Adopted Names Council. c. They clearly identify the drug’s pharmacological classification. d. They imply the efficacy of the drug and are less complex. Chapter 4: Pharmacokinetics Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A patient tells the nurse that the oral drug that has been prescribed has caused a lot of stomach discomfort in the past. What will the nurse ask the prescriber? a. Whether a sublingual form of the medication can be given b. Whether the medication can be given by a parenteral route instead c. To order an enteric -coated form of the drug d. Whether the patient can receive a sustained -release preparation of the drug 2. A patient claims to get better effects with a tablet of Brand X of a drug than with a tablet of Brand Y of the same drug. Both brands contain the same amount of the active ingredient. What does the nurse know to be most likely? Advertising by pharmaceutical companies can enhance patient expectations of one a. brand over another, leading to a placebo effect. Because the drug preparations are chemically equivalent, the effects of the two brands b. must be identical. Tablets can differ in composition and can have differing rates of disintegration and c. dissolution, which can alter the drug’s effects in the body. d. The bioavailability of a drug is determined by the amount of the drug in each dose. 3. A patient receives a drug that has a narrow therapeutic range. The nurse administering this medication will expect to do what? a. Administer the drug at intervals longer than the drug half-life. b. Administer this medication intravenously. c. Monitor plasma drug levels. d. Teach the patient that maximum drug effects will occur within a short period. 4. A patient is given a prescription for azithromycin (Zithromax) and asks the nurse why the dose on the first day is twice the amount of the dose on the next 4 days. Which reply by the nurse is correct? a. “A large initial dose helps to get the drug to optimal levels in the body faster.” b. “The first dose is larger to minimize the first pass effect of the liver.” c. “The four smaller doses help the body taper the amount of drug more gradually.” d. “Tubular reabsorption is faster with initial doses, so more is needed at first.” 5. A nurse is giving an enteral medication. The patient asks why this method is preferable for this drug. How will the nurse reply? a. “This route allows more rapid absorption of the drug.” b. “This route is safer, less expensive, and more convenient.” c. “This route is the best way to control serum drug levels.” d. “This route prevents inactivation of the drug by digestive enzymes.” 6. The nurse is preparing to administer penicillin G intramuscularly to a child. The child’s parents ask why the drug cannot be given in an oral liquid form. What is the nurse’s reply? a. “This drug causes severe gastric upset if given orally.” b. “This drug has a narrow therapeutic range, and the dose must be tightly controlled.” c. “This drug is absorbed much too quickly in an oral form.” d. “This drug would be inactivated by enzymes in the stomach.” 7. A prescriber has written an order for a medication: drug X 100 mg PO every 6 hours. The half-life for the drug is approximately 6 hours. The nurse is preparing to administer the first dose at 8:00 AM on Tuesday. On Wednesday, when will the serum drug level reach plateau? a. 2:00 AM b. 8:00 AM c. 2:00 PM d. 8:00 PM 8. An adult male patient is 1 day postoperative from a total hip replacement. On a pain scale of 0 to 10, with 10 being the greatest pain, the patient reports a pain level of 10. Which medication would be most appropriate for the nurse to administer to this patient? a. 60 mg morphine sulfate PO b. 75 mg meperidine (Demerol) intramuscularly c. 6 mg morphine sulfate intravenously d. Fentanyl (Duragesic) patch 50 mcg transdermally 9. A nurse is explaining drug metabolism to a nursing student who asks about glucuronidation. The nurse knows that this is a process that allows drugs to be: a. excreted in hydrolyzed form in the feces to reduce drug toxicity. b. reabsorbed from the urine into the renal circulation to minimize drug loss. c. recycled via the enterohepatic recirculation to remain in the body longer. d. transported across the renal tubules to be excreted in the urine. 10. A patient is receiving intravenous gentamicin. A serum drug test reveals toxic levels. The dosing is correct, and this medication has been tolerated by this patient in the past. Which could be a probable cause of the test result? a. A loading dose was not given. b. The drug was not completely dissolved in the IV solution. c. The patient is taking another medication that binds to serum albumin. d. The medication is being given at a frequency that is longer than its half -life. MULTIPLE RESPONSE 1. When administering medications to infants, it is important to remember which of the following? (Select all that apply.) a. Breast -feeding infants are more likely to develop toxicity when given lipid-soluble drugs. b. Immaturity of renal function in infancy causes infants to excrete drugs less efficiently. c. Infants have immature livers, which slows drug metabolism. d. Infants are more sensitive to medications that act on the central nervous system (CNS). Oral medications are contraindicated in infants, because PO administration requires a e. cooperative patient. Chapter 5: Pharmacodynamics Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE