(Test Bank) PSYCHOLOGY Coon Journey 5th Edition-Chapter 12

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1 Test bank -PSYCHOLOGY Coon Journey 5edition-Chapter 12 Chapter 12: Psychological Disorders MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. When an affected person fakes the medical problems of someone in his or her care in order to gain attention, that person would be diagnosed with a. Munchausen syndrome. b. Prader-Willi syndrome. c. Munchausen syndrome by proxy. d. a conversion disorder. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: At Least She Didn't Give Him Any Soda OBJ: 12.1.1 KEY: Fact 2. When people fake their own medical problems in order to gain attention and sympathy from medical professionals, they would be diagnosed with a. Munchausen syndrome. b. Prader-Willi syndrome. c. Munchausen syndrome by proxy. d. a conversion disorder. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: At Least She Didn't Give Him Any Soda OBJ: 12.1.1 KEY: Fact 3. Trenton was diagnosed with Munchausen syndrome. This means that he a. tends to fake his own medical problems to gain attention. b. tends to fake the medical problems of someone in his care in order to gain attention. c. has severe emotional conflicts that produce symptoms that resemble a physical disability. d. has frequent episodes of depersonalization with accompanying amnesia. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: At Least She Didn't Give Him Any Soda OBJ: 12.1.1 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 4. Halley enjoys the attention she receives when she goes to the doctor, so she has been making herself appear sick by deliberately causing minor ankle sprains or digestion problems or by complaining of frequent “headaches” and “heart palpitations.” Halley would most likely be diagnosed with a. Munchausen syndrome. b. a psychosomatic disorder. 2 c. Klinefelter’s syndrome. d. a conversion disorder. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: At Least She Didn't Give Him Any Soda OBJ: 12.1.1 KEY: Application 3 5. Ben was usually in the hospital at least 15 times a year. He was taking 19 different medications, and his mother said that she desperately wanted him to be healed. The doctors discovered that there was nothing wrong with Ben. It was determined that Ben’s mother had a pathological need to seek attention and sympathy from medical professionals by “keeping her child sick.” Ben’s mother had which of the following disorders? a. Munchausen syndrome by proxy b. an obsessive-compulsive disorder c. Prader-Willis syndrome d. a conversion disorder ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: At Least She Didn't Give Him Any Soda OBJ: 12.1.1 KEY: Application 6. Justine was diagnosed with Munchausen syndrome by proxy. This means that she a. tends to fake her own medical problems to gain attention. b. tends to fake the medical problems of someone in her care in order to gain attention. c. has severe emotional conflicts that produce symptoms that resemble a physical disability. d. has frequent episodes of depersonalization with accompanying amnesia. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: At Least She Didn't Give Him Any Soda OBJ: 12.1.1 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 7. People with which of the following disorders are usually mothers who fabricate their children’s illnesses and sometimes even deliberately harm their children to make them sick? a. somatization disorder b. Klinefelter’s syndrome c. Munchausen syndrome by proxy d. conversion disorder ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: At Least She Didn't Give Him Any Soda OBJ: 12.1.1 KEY: Concept 8. Sam had been sick since he was a young child. He was rushed to the hospital by his desperately concerned mother. Although his mother was praised by the hospital personnel for her attentiveness, the doctors discovered that the mother had been injecting her son with 7-up to make him sick so she could get attention and sympathy from medical personnel and be considered a “concerned, devoted” mother. Sam’s mother would most likely be diagnosed with a. Munchausen syndrome by proxy. b. an obsessive-compulsive disorder. c. Prader-Willis syndrome. d. a conversion disorder. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: At Least She Didn't Give Him Any Soda OBJ: 12.1.1 KEY: Application 4 9. What percentage of American adults suffer from a diagnosable mental disorder in any given year? a. five percent b. 10 percent c. 25 percent d. 40 percent ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: At Least She Didn't Give Him Any Soda OBJ: 12.1.1 KEY: Fact 10. In 2007, approximately how many Americans committed suicide? a. 12,700 b. 23,000 c. 34,500 d. 55,600 ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult REF: At Least She Didn't Give Him Any Soda OBJ: 12.1.1 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 11. Of the 34,500 Americans who committed suicide in 2007, what percent had a diagnosable mental disorder? a. 20 percent b. 45 percent c. 65 percent d. 90 percent ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult REF: At Least She Didn't Give Him Any Soda OBJ: 12.1.1 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 12. The scientific study of the origins, symptoms, and development of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders, and the disorders themselves, are called a. psychosis. b. neurosis. c. psychopathology. d. neuropathology. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.1 KEY: Fact 13. The term psychopathology includes which of the following? a. the scientific study of psychological disorders b. behavior patterns that make people unhappy and impair personal growth c. mental disorders such as depression and schizophrenia 5 d. all of these ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.1 KEY: Fact 14. Statistical approaches to abnormality define as “abnormal” those who a. show evidence of a loss of contact with reality. b. are unhappy, withdrawn, and depressed. c. deviate from typical or average patterns of behavior. d. are disabled by anxiety. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Fact 15. Which of the following refers to scoring very high or low on some dimension, such as intelligence, anxiety, or depression? a. subjective relativity b. statistical abnormality c. mental non-conformity d. maladaptive deviations ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Fact 16. What is one advantage of using statistics to define normality? a. Statistics show a clear distinction between what is normal and what is not. b. Statistics avoid the stigmas associated with labels. c. Mental disorders are best defined by deviations from an average. d. Statistical descriptions of disorders permit more objective definitions. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Concept 17. On which of the following do most people score near the middle of the score range with very few having extremely high or low scores? a. normal or bell-shaped curve b. skewed deviation curve c. U-shaped curve d. scatter plot ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 18. A psychologist devises a test to measure anxiety. He administers this test to over 1,000 persons and learns how many people show low, medium, or high levels of anxiety. Usually the results of such tests tend to form a(n) a. normal or bell-shaped curve. 6 b. skewed deviation curve. c. U-shaped curve. d. scatter plot. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Application 19. Margo takes a test that measures the level of several emotions. Using statistical abnormality as the definition of psychopathology, Margo would be considered normal or average if all of her scores fell a. toward the right side of the higher scoring area of the curve. b. in the middle of the curve. c. at the lower end of the curve. d. only if her scores fell outside the curve. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Application 20. Herbert’s scores are just barely outside of the normal range on a test of his emotions. Thus, which limitation of a statistical definition of abnormality must the examiner confront? a. whether Herbert is feeling any subjective discomfort b. where to draw the line between normality and abnormality c. how to replicate this deviation a second time for validity d. deciding whether Herbert’s behavior meets nonconformity standards ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Application 21. It is as statistically “abnormal” (unusual) for a person to score above 145 on an IQ test as it is to score below 55. However, only the lower score is regarded as “abnormal” or undesirable. Thus, one disadvantage of using a statistical definition of abnormality is that statistical abnormality a. does not tell us about the meaning of this deviation from the norm. b. cannot be used to establish the comorbidity of disorders. c. cannot be replicated a second time to prove validity. d. tells us more about cultural relativity than the objective aspects of abnormality. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 22. Dr. Orazzo is using an objective method of defining abnormality. However, this method will not tell her about the meanings of the deviations she obtained nor does it tell her where to draw the line between normality and abnormality. The method of defining abnormality that Dr. Orazzo is using is a. social noncomformity. b. cultural relativity. c. statistical abnormality. d. mental nonconformity. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? 7 OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Application 23. Regarding social nonconformity, which of the following statements is TRUE? a. Social nonconformity is accompanied by subjective discomfort. b. Social nonconformity may indicate a psychological disorder or a harmless eccentricity. c. Social nonconformity always indicates some degree of psychological disorder, though it may be a slight one. d. Social nonconformity involves disobeying one’s own private standards for acceptable behavior. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Concept 24. In this country, a drug abuser or a prostitute would most likely be judged as abnormal based on a. subjective discomfort. b. cultural relativity. c. social nonconformity. d. statistical abnormality. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Concept 25. Jansen is an artist who dresses in an offbeat manner, drives a multi-colored VW van, and generally is known as a charming eccentric. Jansen is happy, creative, and generally well adjusted. It is critical to distinguish this type of non-traditional person from others who have not adopted the usual minimum rules for behavior and would be destructive. This example illustrates one of the problems with what definition of abnormality? a. social nonconformity b. statistical c. cultural d. subjective discomfort ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Application 26. Failure to match one’s behavior to widely accepted norms or to the usual minimum rules for social conduct describes which definition of normality? a. subjective discomfort b. statistical abnormality c. social nonconformity d. cultural relativity ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Fact 27. People with very creative lifestyles may be emotionally stable, while people who exhibit overly rigid conventional behavior may have pychopathology. In each of these cases, misdiagnosis would result if one used which definition of abnormality? a. social nonconformity 8 b. statistical abnormality c. cultural abnormality d. subjective discomfort ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 28. As part of a class assignment to “find out how it feels to be crazy for a day,” students performed some “strange” behaviors in public, such as talking to imaginary people, covering their heads with aluminum foil, or walking around a mall with an open umbrella. The students would most likely to be viewed as abnormal based on a. cultural relativity. b. social nonconformity. c. depersonalization. d. neurotic behavior. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Application 29. Which of the following defines actions that would be considered “strange” within a particular culture and are often the first sign that a person has a problem? a. cultural relativity b. social nonconformity c. depersonalization d. neurosis ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Concept 30. Almost any behavior can be judged to be normal or abnormal depending on the specific circumstances present. This qualification for judging whether or not a behavior is abnormal is referred to as a. situational context. b. subjective judgment. c. environmental selectivity. d. personal relativity. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Concept 31. Most definitions of abnormality a. are based solely on statistics. b. are relative and take context into consideration. c. use the concept of social nonconformity as the main basis for judgment. d. require that the person be experiencing subjective discomfort. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 32. If you heard that a person was barking and jumping around on “all fours,” you might think the person abnormal until you found out the person was on stage practicing the part of a “talking dog” in the upcoming student play. This story illustrates the importance of a. situational context. 9 b. cultural relativity. c. social nonconformity. d. subjective discomfort. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Application 33. If you heard that a person exposed himself to another person in a place of business, you would probably think that the person was abnormal until you realized the person was exposing himself to his family doctor during the course of a physical examination. This story illustrates the importance of a. situational context. b. cultural relativity. c. social nonconformity. d. subjective discomfort. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Application 34. In understanding abnormality, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Nonconformity does not always indicate a disorder, and conformity is not a sure sign of mental health. b. Within a culture, a behavior may be defined as abnormal in one situational context but not another. c. Behaviors defined as abnormal in one culture are, by definition, abnormal in all cultures. d. In all cultures, a consistent failure to communicate or behave predictably is considered abnormal. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Concept 35. In some countries, it is normal to defecate or urinate in public. This makes it clear that judgments of the normality of behavior are a. culturally relative. b. statistically determined c. a matter of subjective discomfort. d. random and unpredictable. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Concept 36. You have just moved into a neighborhood and hear that the woman who lives next door almost never leaves her house. Having had general psychology, you think that she might have agoraphobia until you find out that her religion encourages women to stay at home. From this illustration, it is clear that which of the following can affect the diagnosis of psychological disorders? a. statistical abnormality b. subjective discomfort c. cultural relativity 10 d. social nonconformity ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Application 37. Which of the following behaviors is considered abnormal by almost all cultures? a. extreme displays of otherwise normal behavior b. feelings of unhappiness and discomfort c. failure to communicate and unpredictable actions d. any behavior that does not conform to the norms of the culture ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Fact 38. Although her family is unaware of her chronic feelings of hopelessness and despair, Carmen is very unhappy. Thus, she would be exhibiting psychopathology based on a. statistical abnormality. b. social nonconformity. c. subjective discomfort. d. cultural relativity. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Application 39. A person can show extreme distress, such as grief at the death of a loved one, without having psychopathology, while a person with mania, who feels “on top of the world,” does have a mental disorder. This illustrates the difficulties with classifying behavior as abnormal using the criterion of a. subjective discomfort. b. legal insanity. c. social nonconformity. d. neurosis. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 40. Regarding the use of subjective discomfort as evidence of psychopathology, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Psychopathology does not always cause personal anguish. b. A lack of subjective discomfort may reveal psychopathology. c. Subjective discomfort explains most instances in which people voluntarily seek professional help. d. The majority of individuals who suffer mania seek help due to the extreme discomfort they feel when in a manic state. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Concept 41. A person whose immoral behavior harms others, but who feels no remorse for such harmful behavior, would NOT be regarded as abnormal if the criterion used was a. statistical abnormality. b. social nonconformity. 11 c. maladaptive behavior. d. subjective discomfort. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Concept 42. In practice, which of the following explains most instances in which people voluntarily seek professional help? a. social nonconformity b. subjective discomfort c. parental urgings d. law enforcement involvement ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.2 KEY: Fact 43. A core feature of all abnormal behavior is that it is a. culturally absolute. b. learned. c. maladaptive. d. dependent on age. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.3 KEY: Fact 44. According to the textbook, abnormal behavior that is indicative of the person needing psychological help is defined by the core feature of a. being maladaptive. b. being statistically rare. c. involving subjective discomfort. d. being outside the realm of cultural relativity. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.3 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 45. If Marty is exhibiting maladaptive behavior, we would expect him to a. exhibit behavior that is culturally relative but statistically rare. b. show social nonconforming behavior that may or may not be statistically rare. c. show a lack of consistent happiness and sociability in his life. d. have an underlying psychological or biological dysfunction that makes it difficult for him to meet the demands of day-to-day life. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.3 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 46. If Edgar is exhibiting maladaptive behavior, we would expect this behavior to most often result in a. acute psychotic behavior that would be readily apparent to any observer. b. statistically rare behavior that would be offensive to most people in a culture. c. serious psychological discomfort, disability and/or a loss of control of thoughts, behaviors, or feelings. 12 d. rigidly conforming mannerisms and mutism that would incapacitate the person. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.3 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 47. Using the “core feature” of abnormal behavior in identifying mental disorders, the occurrence of abnormal behavior would be defined as behavior that a. makes daily life more difficult and which indicates a loss of control b. causes a person extreme personal discomfort and is socially nonconforming c. is illegal and/or persistently nonconforming. d. is statistically different from the average of the general population ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.3 KEY: Fact 48. Rather than helping a person to successfully cope, abnormal behaviors make it more difficult for the person to meet the everyday demands of life. Thus, this core feature of all abnormal behavior refers to the behavior being a. culturally relative. b. subjectively painful. c. statistically deviant. d. maladaptive. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.3 KEY: Fact 49. Which of the following situations does NOT indicate that an individual needs psychological help? a. Fred is a compulsive gambler. b. Mary is a mildly mentally disabled adult who has recently become aggressive toward her parents. c. Shelia is a 55-year-old grandmother who rides motorcycles, skydives, and skateboards. d. Gary goes on frequent buying sprees to improve his mood. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.3 KEY: Application 50. When a person is a danger to themselves and other people, their behavior is clearly a. compulsive. b. maladaptive. c. psychotic. d. neurotic. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.3 KEY: Concept 51. In practice, the judgment that a person needs help usually occurs when a. the person does something annoying like constantly staring into space. b. someone’s annoying behavior gains the attention of a person in a position of power. 13 c. a teacher, parent, significant other, or someone else does something about a person behaving abnormally. d. all of these factors are present. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.3 KEY: Fact 52. When a person’s behavior is maladaptive, a relative may start legal procedures that may result in the finding of insanity with these legal procedures called a. psychotic findings. b. psychopathology lawsuits. c. commitment proceedings. d. diagnostic and statistical analyses. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.4 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 53. Commitment proceedings are legal proceedings that may result in the finding of a. psychosis. b. neurosis. c. insanity. d. psychopathology. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.4 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 54. Regarding insanity, which of the following statements is TRUE? a. Insanity is a legal term that refers to people who are unable to manage their affairs or foresee consequences. b. Insanity is the most common psychological disorder described in the DSM-IV-TR. c. Insanity is a psychiatric term that refers to individuals with organic mental disorders or dissociative disorders. d. Insanity is typically caused by a severe combination of personality disorders. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.4 KEY: Fact 55. The legal definition that means the inability to manage one’s affairs or to be aware of the consequences of one’s actions is called a. insanity. b. neurosis. c. psychosomatic. d. nervous breakdown. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? 14 OBJ: 12.1.4 KEY: Fact 56. Insanity is a. another name for SAD. b. a legal term. c. the psychiatric term for multiple personalities. d. required to be established before a person can be voluntarily treated at a mental hospital. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.4 KEY: Fact 57. Jake was found by the court not to be legally responsible for his violent actions and was subsequently involuntarily committed to a mental hospital. Thus, the court ruled Jake to be a. insane. b. neurotic. c. statistically abnormal. d. socially nonconforming. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.4 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 58. Insanity is a. another term for nervous breakdown. b. the psychiatric term that is synonymous with schizophrenia. c. established by the testimony of expert witnesses. d. all of these. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.4 KEY: Fact 59. Regarding insanity and involuntary commitments to mental hospitals, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Legally, insanity is established by testimony from expert witnesses (psychologists and psychiatrists). b. People who are involuntarily committed are usually judged to be a danger to themselves or to others or are severely intellectually disabled. c. Involuntary commitments happen most often when the severely mentally disabled person is brought to an emergency room or is arrested for committing a crime. d. Although a person is declared insane by the court, they are still considered legally responsible for their actions. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.4 KEY: Fact 60. In practice, if a person accused of a crime was unable to appreciate that what he or she did was wrong because of a diagnosable psychological disorder, he or she may be found to be 15 a. guilty but impaired. b. not guilty by reason of insanity. c. not guilty by reason of diminished responsibility. d. guilty under exceptional circumstances. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.4 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 61. Cody was accused of assaulting his neighbor, but several psychologists testified at his trial that Cody has paranoid schizophrenia and suffers from delusions and hallucinations. In addition, the day of the alleged assault, Cody had been hearing voices telling him that a space alien had inhabited the body of his neighbor and that this alien was attempting to inhabit Cody’s body when his neighbor knocked on his door. The neighbor even testified that Cody called him “a space creature.” The jury found that because of his schizophrenia, Cody could not appreciate that assaulting his neighbor was wrong; and therefore, the jury found Cody a. guilty but impaired. b. not guilty by reason of insanity. c. not guilty by reason of diminished responsibility. d. guilty under exceptional circumstances. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.4 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 62. In situations in which people who committed crimes are unable to appreciate that what they did was wrong because they have a severe intellectual disability, such as Down syndrome or brain damage, these people may be found a. guilty but impaired. b. not guilty by reason of insanity. c. not guilty by reason of diminished responsibility. d. guilty under exceptional circumstances. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.4 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 63. May was accused of shoplifting in a store; but because she has a moderate to severe intellectual disability that prevents her from appreciating what she did was wrong, the judge found her to be a. guilty but impaired. b. not guilty by reason of insanity. c. not guilty by reason of diminished responsibility. d. guilty under exceptional circumstances. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.4 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 64. All evidence points to Greg being the person who killed his wife. Greg knows that murder is morally wrong and against the law, but he also has been diagnosed with a severe anxiety disorder. Greg will most likely be found 16 a. guilty of murder. b. not guilty by reason of insanity. c. not guilty by reason of diminished responsibility. d. guilty under exceptional circumstances. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.4 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 65. Regarding insanity defenses, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. A person accused of a crime that has a diagnosed psychological disorder or a severe intellectual disability will automatically receive a judgment of insanity in a court case. b. Not guilty by reason of insanity applies to situations in which people are unable to appreciate what they did was wrong due to a diagnosable psychological disorder. c. Not guilty by reason of diminished responsibility applies to situations in which people are unable to appreciate what they did was wrong due to having an intellectual disability, such as Down syndrome or brain damage. d. Very few criminal trials end with the verdict of not guilty by reason of insanity. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Normality-What's Normal? OBJ: 12.1.4 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 66. The system currently used in America to classify psychological problems a. is the Freudian Psychoanalytic System (FPS). b. is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). c. was designed by Emil Kraepelin and Eugen Bleuler. d. is to be found in the Federal Uniform Code of Psychopathology (UCP). ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.1 KEY: Fact 67. DSM (DSM-IV-TR) stands for the fourth version, text revision of the a. Diagnostic Schedule of Medicine. b. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual. c. Depressive Scale Modalities. d. Delirium and Sanity Manual. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.1 KEY: Fact 68. To correctly identify mental disorders and select the best therapies to treat them, psychologists use the a. WAIS-IV. b. 16 PF. c. MBTI. d. DSM-IV-TR. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.1 KEY: Fact 17 69. The new edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) is set to be published in a. 2013. b. 2016. c. 2018. d. 2021. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.1 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 70. Which of the following plays the largest role within mental health settings regarding the diagnosis, therapy, and the billing of insurance companies? a. MMPI-2 b. DSM-IV-TR c. statistical abnormality d. commitment proceedings ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.1 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 71. An important use of DSM-IV-TR includes being a(n) a. guide to help psychologists to correctly identify mental disorders and select the best therapy. b. statistical encyclopedia of the incidence of various forms of violent crime committed by patients with mental disorders. c. accurate guide used by judges and juries in determining the legal definition of insanity. d. guide to current research articles in the field of psychopathology. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.1 KEY: Fact 72. Which of the following is defined by a significant impairment in psychological functioning? a. social nonconformity b. situational deviation c. mental disorder d. physiological disorder ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.1 KEY: Fact 73. Dissociative, somatoform, mood, and sexual and gender identity are types of a. social nonconformities. b. situational deviations. c. mental disorders. d. physiological disorders. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate 18 REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.1 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 74. Which of the following disorders is characterized by the person being socially withdrawn, being unable to control his or her thoughts or actions, and by the presence of delusions and/or hallucinations? a. neurotic disorders b. dissociative disorders c. somatoform disorders d. psychotic disorders ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Concept 75. The chief distinguishing feature of psychotic disorders is a. a loss of contact with shared views of reality. b. antisocial conduct. c. overwhelming anxiety. d. obsessive behavior. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Fact 76. The most severe psychological disorders, which often require hospitalization, are the a. personality disorders. b. psychosomatic illnesses. c. anxiety disorders. d. psychotic disorders. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Fact 77. Robert was found wandering naked in the campus parking lot, proclaiming himself to be “Father Time.” He shows evidence of a(n) disorder. a. anxiety b. psychotic c. personality d. dissociative ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Application 78. Pablo is seen walking down the street, shouting at imaginary individuals “to turn it down.” When the police stop him and ask him why he is shouting, he tells them that the transmitter that the CIA implanted in his head is “not working properly” and is too loud. Pablo most likely has a disorder. a. psychotic 19 b. neurotic c. somatoform d. dissociative ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Application 79. Schizophrenia and delusional disorders are types of disorders. a. personality b. mood c. psychotic d. dissociative ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Fact 80. Psychotic symptoms may be found in all of the following EXCEPT a. schizophrenia and delusional disorders. b. medical problems and drug abuse. c. some severe mood disorders. d. anxiety and somatoform disorders. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 81. Persons who are either euphoric and hyperactive or severely depressed may be suffering from a. mood disorders. b. dissociative disorders. c. anxiety disorders. d. insanity. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Concept 82. Persons who are agitated, elated, and hyperactive are said to be a. insane. b. manic. c. lucid. d. obsessive. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 83. Which of the following disorders is defined primarily by the presence of extreme, intense, and long- lasting emotions in which afflicted persons may be manic, depressed, or alternate between mania and depression with some persons also having psychotic symptoms? 20 a. anxiety disorders b. somatoform disorders c. dissociative disorders d. mood disorders ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 84. You feel sad and hopeless; or you talk too loud and too fast and have a rush of ideas and feelings that others think are unreasonable. If you showed either set of symptoms, you would most likely be diagnosed with some form of disorder. a. somatoform b. anxiety c. mood d. dissociative ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Application 85. You have panic attacks and feel like you are going to die; or you are afraid to do things that most people can do; or you spend unusual amounts of time doing things like washing your hands or counting your heartbeats. If you showed these symptoms, you would most likely be diagnosed with some form of disorder. a. somatoform b. anxiety c. psychotic d. dissociative ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Application 86. Rene has an irrational fear of elevators and escalators to the point that she has walked up 20 flights of stairs. Her mother has such a fear of dirt and germs that she spends almost every waking moment cleaning, while wearing white cotton gloves. Rene and her mother each have a type of disorder. a. anxiety b. psychotic c. somatoform d. personality ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Application 21 87. Obsessive-compulsive disorders involve a. a loss of contact with reality. b. unresolved anger. c. unresolved Oedipal conflict. d. high levels of anxiety. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Fact 88. Which type of disorders may involve feelings of panic, or may take the form of irrational fears or obsessive-compulsive behavior patterns? a. schizophrenia b. anxiety disorders c. conversion disorders d. hypochondria ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 89. Which of the following would NOT be classified as an anxiety disorder? a. specific and social phobias b. acute stress and post-traumatic stress disorders c. obsessive-compulsive disorders d. conversion disorders ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 90. When Sara returned from her tour of duty in Iraq, she experienced symptoms of a post-traumatic stress disorder, which is classified as a type of disorder. a. anxiety b. somatoform c. psychotic d. dissociative ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Application 91. Jeff feels physically sick, but his doctor says nothing is wrong with him; April suffers from pain that has no physical basis; and Juanita is preoccupied with thoughts about being sick. Each of them would most likely be diagnosed with some form of disorder. a. mood b. psychotic c. dissociative d. somatoform 22 ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 92. Which of the following disorders involves a person exhibiting bodily complaints, such as chronic pain, that suggest illness or injury but for which there is no identifiable organic cause? a. mood disorders b. schizophrenia c. dissociative disorders d. somatoform disorders ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Fact 93. If a person shows a severe physical symptom, such as paralysis or blindness, but with no identifiable physical cause for this condition, then the person is most likely suffering from a(n) disorder. a. psychotic b. somatoform c. anxiety d. dissociative ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 94. Aaron has had to reschedule his voice recital four times. Each time on the day before his recital, he loses his voice. Aaron’s doctor cannot find anything that could physically cause Aaron to lose his voice. Thus, psychological factors appear to underlie Aaron’s symptoms, which indicates that Aaron most likely has a disorder. a. mood b. psychotic c. somatoform d. dissociative ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Application 95. There are major gaps in your memory of events with others telling you that you have done things that you don’t remember doing. You have also been feeling like you are a robot or walking around in a dream world. If none of these symptoms are caused by drug use, then you are most likely suffering from some form of disorder. a. anxiety b. somatoform c. schizophrenic d. dissociative ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult 23 REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 96. Which of the following would be a major symptom of a dissociative disorder? a. phobias b. amnesia c. paranoia d. depression ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Fact 97. Multiple personalities as well as a psychologically-caused amnesia would both be classified as disorders. a. somatoform b. anxiety c. schizophrenic d. dissociative ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 98. Which of the following is characteristic of a dissociative disorder? a. having manic-depression b. having phobias c. having multiple personalities d. exhibiting paranoia ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Concept 99. If you are experiencing episodes of depersonalization, you are most likely suffering from a a. paraphilia. b. borderline personality disorder. c. conversion disorder. d. dissociative disorder. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 100. Depersonalization is a(n) 24 a. psychotic tendency to view others as non-human. b. acute episode of amnesia characteristic of personality disorders. c. robot-like or detached feeling that sometimes occurs in dissociative disorders. d. abrupt, dramatic change in personality seen often in mood disorders. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Fact 101. Over the last week, Carmen has had several frightening episodes in which she feels that she is outside her body, sort of lost in a dream world, and behaving like a robot. Carmen is experiencing a dissociative condition known as a. hysteria. b. dysthymic disorder. c. a conversion disorder. d. depersonalization. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 102. Which of the following would be evidence of a dissociative disorder? a. A man undergoes dramatic weight loss as a consequence of severe depression. b. An accountant loses his job because of problems stemming from drug abuse. c. A woman is found in a bus station, unable to remember her name or where she lives. d. A former helicopter gunner has flashbacks related to post-traumatic stress disorder. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Application 103. Paranoid, narcissistic, dependent, antisocial, and borderline are types of disorders. a. somatoform b. psychotic c. personality d. dissociative ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Fact 104. Unhealthy behavior patterns, such as being narcissistic, dependent, or antisocial, can repeatedly cause problems at work, at school, and in your relationships with others. These unhealthy behavior patterns are characteristic of which disorders? a. mood disorders b. dissociative disorders c. paraphilias d. personality disorders 25 ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Fact 105. Which of the following are deeply ingrained, unhealthy behavior patterns that usually appear in adolescence and continue through much of adult life and include paranoid, narcissistic, dependent, and other types? a. mood disorders b. psychotic disorders c. personality disorders d. dissociative disorders ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Fact 106. Which of the following is a type of personality disorder? a. manic-depression b. narcissistic c. paraphilia d. dissociative identity disorder ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Fact 107. Jake tends to be overly suspicious; Petra is very dependent on others; and Barry thinks so highly of himself that he would be described as self-loving. All of these individuals appear to suffer from a disorder. a. mood b. depersonalization c. personality d. dissociative identity ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 108. Sexual and gender identity disorders include difficulties in all of the following areas EXCEPT a. paraphilias. b. an individual seeking a sex-change operation. c. homosexuality. d. sexual dysfunction. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult REF: Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book OBJ: 12.2.2 KEY: Fact 109. A person that feels trapped in the body of the opposite sex and wishes to have a sex change operation is considered to a. be homosexual. b. have a sexual dysfunction.