(Test Bank) Psychology: A Journey

Coon,Mitterer, 5

Psychology

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5th Edition

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Author(s): Coon, Mitterer

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1 NEW EXAM TEST BANK FOR PSYCHOLOGY: A JOURNEY 5TH EDITION DENNIS COON JOHN O. MITTERER I Chapter 10: Personality MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. An individual’s unique and enduring patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving are called a. personality. b. character. c. somatotype. d. phenotype. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.1 KEY: Fact 2. In psychology, the term personality implies that individual patterns of behavior are both a. universal and inherited. b. desirable and undesirable. c. unique and stable. d. complimentary and diverse. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.1 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 3. The term personality refers to a. the hereditary aspects of one’s emotional nature. b. unique and enduring behavior patterns. c. favorable and unfavorable personal characteristics. d. charisma, character, or temperament. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.1 KEY: Fact 4. The consistency of who you are, have been, and will become as well as the special blend of talents, values, hopes, loves, hates, and habits that makes you a unique person is referred to as a. personality. b. character. c. somatotype. d. temperament. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.1 KEY: Concept 2 5. When desirable or undesirable characteristics of personality are evaluated, we are assessing a. temperament. b. character. c. personality types. d. popular stereotypes. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.2 KEY: Fact 6. Which of the following statements pertains to character as opposed to personality? a. “Eddie is a good guy. He’s honest and dependable.” b. “Judy tends to be withdrawn. She rarely enjoys being with others.” c. “Juanita loses her temper easily and cools off slowly.” d. “As a group, Americans are less restrained than the British.” ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.2 KEY: Application 7. Which of the following implies that a person has been evaluated as possessing positive qualities, not just described? a. personality b. ideal self c. character d. temperament ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.2 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 8. A subjective evaluation of a person is referred to as a. personality. b. character. c. temperament. d. a trait critique. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.2 KEY: Fact 9. When you describe your friend as being outgoing, funny, honest, dependable, and just an “all-around good guy,” you are referring to attributes of a. character. b. temperament. c. the superego. 3 d. the ideal self. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.2 KEY: Application 10. The term character refers to a. the hereditary aspects of one’s emotional nature. b. unique and enduring behavior patterns. c. favorable and unfavorable personal characteristics. d. one’s temperament. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.2 KEY: Fact 11. A stable, enduring quality that a person shows in most situations is a. self-esteem. b. a personality type. c. a personality trait. d. a somatotype. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.3 KEY: Fact 12. A personality trait is a. a style of personality defined by a group of related qualities. b. a stable, enduring quality that a person shows in most situations. c. the hereditary aspect of a person’s personality. d. the subjective evaluation of a character. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.3 KEY: Fact 13. Personality traits are inferred from past behavior and allow us to behavior. a. explain b. learn from c. justify d. predict ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.3 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 14. If we describe Dan as being sociable, orderly, and intelligent, we are referring to his a. personality traits. 4 b. personality type. 5 c. personality style. d. temperamental character. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.3 KEY: Application 15. Regarding personality traits, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Personality traits are inferred from one’s behavior. b. We are less likely to predict that a person will be successful if he or she has the personality trait of conscientiousness. c. If we observe a person who is outgoing, we are likely to predict that this person will be sociable at school and at work. d. Personality traits can influence our health as well as our marital and occupational success. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.3 KEY: Concept MSC : * (New Question) 16. A personality type is a. a style of personality defined by a group of related qualities. b. a stable, enduring quality that a person shows in most situations. c. the hereditary aspect of a person’s personality. d. the subjective evaluation of a character. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Fact 17. A style of personality defined by a group of related characteristics is called a. character. b. a temperamental quality. c. a personality type. d. a personality trait. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Fact 18. Informally, we tend to place people into categories, such as the “executive type,” the “athletic type,” and the “motherly type.” If you tried to define these informal types, you would probably a. evaluate them on their character. b. use cardinal traits to describe them. c. describe their temperaments. 6 d. list a different collection of traits for each category. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate 7 REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Concept 19. Carl Jung’s concepts of introversion and extroversion represent a. personality types. b. somatotypic profiles. c. character groupings. d. situational determinants. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Concept 20. Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung proposed that people are either a. Type A or Type B personalities. b. ectomorphic, mesomorphic, or endomorphic. c. introverts or extroverts. d. congruent or incongruent. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Fact 21. The psychiatrist who proposed that people are either introverts or extroverts was a. Abraham Maslow. b. Carl Jung. c. Sigmund Freud. d. B. F. Skinner. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Fact 22. Concerning extroverts and introverts, it is most accurate to say a. these categories are not types but ways to define a person’s character. b. that knowing if someone is extroverted or introverted tells you little about how conscientious, kind, or open to new ideas the person is. c. each of these types is a specific collection of maladaptive traits. d. classifying people into two or three types is more informative than rating people on a list of traits. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Concept 23. A shy, reserved person whose attention is focused inward is referred to as a(n) a. introvert. b. Type B personality. c. feeling type. 8 d. extrovert. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 24. A bold, outgoing person whose attention is directed outward is referred to as a(n) a. introvert. b. Type A personality. c. perceptive type. d. extrovert. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 25. Melissa tends to be outgoing, assertive, and very sociable. Carl Jung would have classified Melissa as a. an introvert. b. an extrovert. c. self-actualized. d. androgynous. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Application 26. Marty tends to be shy and prefers solitary hobbies, such as reading, constructing models, and fishing alone. Carl Jung would have classified Marty as a. neurotic. b. an extrovert. c. an introvert. d. androgynous. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 27. If you like studying in groups where there is more socializing and a higher noise level, you are probably a. more of an introvert. b. more of an extrovert. c. a Type A personality. d. a Type B personality. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate 9 REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 28. If you prefer studying in the quiet cubicles in the library, you are probably 10 a. more of an introvert. b. more of an extrovert. c. a Type A personality. d. a Type B personality. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Application MSC: * (New Question) 29. Regarding personality types, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Two categories or even several are often inadequate to fully capture differences in personality. b. Rating people on a list of traits tends to be more informative than classifying people into two or three types. c. Types tend to oversimplify people. d. The personality types of introverts and extroverts were first proposed by Abraham Maslow. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 30. Because two categories (or even several) are often inadequate to fully capture differences in personality, which of the following tends to be more informative than classifying persons into two or three types? a. rating people on a list of traits b. determining their archetype c. determining the distance between their real and ideal selves. d. analyzing fixations through psychoanalytic techniques ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Concept 31. One problem psychologists have with using personality types is they a. are hereditary constructs. b. oversimplify personality. c. describe character, not personality. d. are not observable or measurable. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Concept 32. Which of the following is a shorthand way of labeling people who have several key traits in common? a. archetype b. actualization potential c. types d. character profile 11 ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? 12 OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Concept 33. Classifying people as having either a Type A or Type B personality has been used to predict a. competency as a parent. b. chances of suffering a heart attack. c. success in education. d. chances of developing a serious mental illness. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Fact 34. People who have personality traits that increase their chance of suffering a heart attack are considered personalities. a. extroverted b. introverted c. Type A d. Type B ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 35. People who take a more laid-back approach to life are considered personalities. a. extroverted b. introverted c. Type A d. Type B ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Fact MSC: * (New Question) 36. The paranoid personality, the dependent personality, and the antisocial personality are examples of personality types. a. introverted b. extroverted c. unhealthy d. Type A ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Fact 37. The dependent personality and the antisocial personality are each defined by specific collections of traits that 13 a. are not adaptive. b. increase the person’s risk of having a heart attack. c. include being introverted, cautious, and agreeable. 14 d. include being sociable, nurturing, and conscientious. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.4 KEY: Concept MSC: * (New Question) 38. All your ideas, perceptions, and feelings about who you are make up your a. ideal self. b. ego ideal. c. possible selves. d. self-concept. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.5 KEY: Fact 39. The “mental picture” you have of your own personality that is creatively built out of our daily experiences is called your a. ideal self. b. ego ideal. c. self-concept. d. self-esteem. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.5 KEY: Fact 40. We each have a perception of our own personality traits with this perception strongly influencing our behavior. Psychologists call this perception our a. self-evaluation. b. inner concept. c. self-concept. d. self-esteem. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.5 KEY: Concept 41. When you tell a prospective employer that you are a high-achiever, gregarious, and occasionally brilliant, you are describing your a. self-concept. b. temperament. c. character. d. ordinal position. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: The Psychology of Personality -Do You Have Personality? OBJ: 10.1.5 KEY: Application 42. Regarding self-concept, which of the following statements is FALSE? 15 a. We creatively build our self-concepts out of daily experiences and revise them as we have